船用防污涂料浅海浸泡试验防污性能评价方法

针对防污漆样板浅海浸泡试验防污性评定,通过分析不同类别的生物污损对防污涂料涂层的影响,根据其影响程度的不同划分合适的评分比例,并选取单体污损作为主要评价标尺。参考国标《防污漆样板浅海浸泡试验方法》,结合浅海浸泡试验,在实际运用中发现现行评价体系的不足之处,并提出相应的解决方案,在此基础上建立一套行之有效的船用防污涂料防污性评价方法。     

悉尼与中国城市公共交通绩效的比较研究

为完善悉尼市城市公共交通优先发展政策体系，实现悉尼市“可持续城市交通”愿景，借鉴中国“公交都市”示范项目的指导方针和指标体系，建立了一个基于公共交通绩效水平的评估指标体系，利用中国“公交都市”示范项目数据和悉尼市公共交通运营开放数据，分别计算了各城市的公共交通绩效水平。将悉尼市与中国“公交都市”示范项目试点城市的公共交通发展水平进行了比较研究。结果表明，悉尼市现有交通运输模式为主要依赖小汽车方式出行，虽然悉尼市在促进交通方式转变和新技术应用方面取得了一些进展，但其整体的公共交通服务水平远落后于中国“公交都市”示范项目试点城市。通过借鉴中国城市在“公交都市”示范项目实践中的经验，结合悉尼城市交通发展战略与规划，明确了悉尼市出台“从依赖小汽车出行转变为公共交通优先出行”导向政策的必要性，并提出了多项促进城市公共交通优先发展的政策建议，用以支持悉尼市实现“世界上最宜居城市之一”的发展目标。     

基于模糊综合评价法的城市综合管廊结构健康评价方法研究

为解决城市综合管廊结构健康状况评估结果无法量化和指导运维的问题，通过分析模糊综合评价理论在交通隧道结构健康评价方法研究中的应用，依照类比思想，利用该理论建立城市综合管廊结构健康状况评价体系。首先，依据有关养护规定和调研结果，基于不同需求分别建立管廊结构的本体完好状况和本体结构状况评价指标体系； 其次，以交通隧道和综合管廊养护经验为基础，划分各指标的分级判定标准； 然后，采用层次分析法，计算评价指标的权重分配； 最后，采用柯西分布型隶属函数和矩阵型隶属函数确定各指标的隶属度，建立一级和二级模糊综合评价模型，赋予评价向量中各评语相应分值，将评价向量单值化，判定管廊结构健康状况。采用所提出的评价方法应用于实际工程，所得评价结果与经验评判得到的结果相同。     

基于结果导向的绿色公路评价指标体系研究

本文在梳理绿色公路建设历程的基础上,结合绿色公路提出的时代背景、发展要求及目前评价指标体系存在的问题,借鉴目标管理法(MBO)突出结果导向,面向全寿命周期的三个阶段,从"资源节约"、"生态环保"、"低碳减排"、"智慧高效"等方面构建了包括4个一级指标、25个二级指标的绿色公路评价指标体系。     

Efficiency evaluation and PM emission reallocation of China ports based on improved DEA models

The emission of particulate matter (PM) and other atmospheric pollutants in port operations and shipping have caused a huge negative impact on the environment. Consequently, how to evaluate the environmental efficiency of ports and put forward corresponding countermeasures on this basis is becoming a more important issue than ever before from the perspectives of the government, academia, and society. We construct three data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to evaluate the environmental efficiency of ports under the circumstances of environmental control, non-environmental control and PM emission through inter-ports cooperation. The innovation of the DEA models constructed in this paper lies in: (1) Setting environmental control parameters to uniformly manipulate the situations of environmental control and non-environmental control, etc.; (2) Allowing non-equal proportional change of input index, expected output and non-expected output index; (3) Setting preference coefficients for ports to admit favorable decisions; (4) Providing a distance formula of expected output for PM emission reallocation. Further, data from 11 major ports in China are collected to compare the expected output under different PM emission standards assuming the situation of environmental control and non-environmental control, port cooperation, and non-cooperative sewage discharge. The empirical results show that: (1) Ports in the eastern China (Shanghai, Ningbo, and Nanjing) have higher port efficiency; (2) Port cooperation can improve the overall expected output but it will lose its edge with the improvement of PM emission standards. (3) Ports follow the same trend of output loss regardless of favorable decisions. In the end, the author makes a summary, puts forward relevant policy suggestions and makes the recommendation for future research.     

城市综合交通体系规划回顾与展望

回顾改革开放以来中国城市综合交通体系规划在规划定位、规划目标、内容体例、技术方法、规划实施等方面的实践和探索。总结规划编制工作的基本特点:以问题为导向、融合城市总体规划、提倡以人为本理念、广泛应用定量技术方法。指出规划编制和实施过程中存在的不足:规划地位和作用认识不清、价值理念与实际行动脱节、规划实施评估环节缺失、规划管理体制机制缺乏、相关法规技术标准陈旧。结合城市交通发展新趋势,展望未来城市综合交通体系规划的重点方向:强化多规融合、强调以人为核心的规划、加强规划评估和滚动编制、加强技术创新与行业规范、深化政策保障机制研究。     

利用SPS模拟川气东送管道压气站失效问题

为研究压气站失效与单台机组失效对输气管道的影响程度,采用SPS软件对压气站失效和单台机组失效进行了详细模拟。模拟结果显示:压气站失效与单台机组失效相比对管输系统影响较大;对于压气站失效,越靠近末站的压气站失效对管输系统影响越大;对于单台机组失效,越靠近首站的压缩机失效对管输系统影响越大。分析结果可为事故状态下的供气和抢修提供参考。     

A Delphi analysis on green performance evaluation indices for ports in China

This study identified a set of applicable and practical green performance evaluation indices for Chinese ports using the Delphi technique. The research was conducted by targeting three representative Chinese ports in Eastern China: the Shanghai Port, Ningbo Port, and Qingdao Port. An effective expert panel was structured with direct stakeholders related to green performance, which was based on a sufficient consideration of the unique and the special decision-making system for Chinese ports. Twenty-one green performance indices in six dimensions (i.e. liquid pollution management, air pollution management, noise control, low carbon regulations and energy savings, marine biology preservation, and organization and management) were eventually identified through three rounds of iterations. The identified green performance indices for Chinese ports are highly consistent with the Chinese Government’s environmental policies. Compared with European ports, the green port performance indicators in China are not as comprehensive. The indicators that are strictly consistent with national macro policies and the factors that are more easily seen, heard, and felt were perceived to be more important. From an academic perspective, this study offers a new approach for system establishment and green practice criteria exploration and thus provides a significant basis for further green port studies.     

高职院校公共《计算机基础》课程实践教学研究

对高职院校公共《计算机基础》实践教学效果及其存在的问题进行剖析,针对这些问题所采取的应对措施进行了探索和研究。提出加强实践教学改革的方案和具体方法,使高职院校的计算机基础教育能更好地与市场接轨。     

船舶机舱空气质量监测评价仪的设计及实现

机舱多模式空气质量监测评价仪是对机舱气体进行实时监测并做出评价的智能化产品.本仪器通过多种传感器对机舱气体中部分物质的含量进行采集,利用单片机进行数据整理和分析,实时给出评价.该仪器对于监测机舱环境的空气品质,为轮机人员提供自我防护决策提供了依据和保障,有较大的意义和实用价值.