含水率对经编土工格栅与土界面作用特性的影响

加筋土工程中,加筋与填土间的界面作用特性是最关键的技术指标,直接决定工程的稳定性,而土体含水率的变化会影响加筋与填土间的界面作用特性。通过室内拉拔试验研究了不同含水率条件下经编土工格栅与土体间的界面作用特性,试验结果表明:在相同的法向应力下,土工格栅被拔出破坏时对应的极限表观摩擦阻力随着土体含水率的增加而降低;不论土工格栅是整体被拔出破坏还是纵肋被拔出破坏,土工格栅和土体界面间的表观摩擦角和表观粘着力均随着土体含水率的增加而降低;土工格栅与土体界面间的破坏形式由土工格栅的整体被拔出破坏转变为纵肋被拔出破坏时对应的法向应力随着土体含水率的增加而增大。     

地铁暗挖车站紧邻高层建筑物摩擦桩基础施工技术

高层建筑的摩擦桩基础极易受暗挖隧道影响而产生不均匀沉降。广州地铁五号线小北站暗挖隧道近距离通过既有摩擦桩群，车站地质条件复杂，施工难度极大。以成功的工程实例做背景，详细阐述了地铁车站暗挖隧道紧邻高层建筑摩擦桩基础的施工技术。     

含水量对压实粘土的变形及强度性能的影响

通过室内压缩试验和直剪试验,研究了含水量对压实粘土的压缩变形与抗剪强度的影响,并从土体结构与土中基质吸力变化两个方面分析了作用机理。试验表明:随压实含水量增大,粘土的压缩变形增加、抗剪强度降低;粘聚力随压实含水量增加并非单调变化,其曲线形式类似于“”形;内摩擦角随压实含水量增加,大体上是减小的。压实粘土浸水饱和后,压缩变形显著增加,抗剪强度和粘聚力则显著降低。且压实含水量越小的土体在其他条件相同时,因饱和引起的压缩变形、抗剪强度和粘聚力损失较大,内摩擦角受浸水饱和的影响较小。     

淤泥EPS颗粒混合轻质土抗剪强度的影响因素

在疏浚淤泥中添加固化材料和EPS颗粒,制作成淤泥EPS颗粒混合轻质土,既可以资源化利用疏浚淤泥,又可以减少软土的地基处理费用。通过直接剪切试验,获取了淤泥EPS颗粒混合轻质土的抗剪强度参数,即粘聚力与内摩擦角。研究发现:粘聚力随水泥添加量和龄期的增加而增加;在水泥添加量较小时,粘聚力随EPS添加量增加而增加,在水泥添加量较大时,粘聚力随EPS颗粒添加量增加而减小;水泥添加量、EPS颗粒添加量和龄期对内摩擦角的影响不显著,淤泥EPS颗粒混合轻质土的内摩擦角总体分布在20~°35°之间。     

基于正交试验设计的模块式加筋土挡墙墙面板与筋带之间摩擦性质研究

运用正交试验设计方法,设计了模块式加筋挡土墙墙面板与筋带之间摩擦的室内足尺试验,研究竖向压应力(A)、筋带品种(B)、墙面板与筋带的砌筑方式(C)3个因素在不同水平下在峰值强度和S=19 mm时,对墙面板与筋带之间的摩擦系数的影响。通过正交试验,确定了3种因素对摩擦系数的影响顺序、各因素的显著性水平及墙面板与筋带之间连接方式的最优方案。     

基于磨损元素比例特征的发动机磨损状态诊断

针对不连续采样时的车用发动机磨损故障诊断问题,基于摩擦磨损原理和摩擦副元素之间的相关性,提出了基于比例特征的发动机磨损状态模糊优选诊断方法,建立了发动机磨损变化的比例模型,研究了摩擦副主要磨损元素之间在磨损过程中的比例关系,运用模糊优选理论实现了发动机磨损状态的诊断。通过典型磨损状态的油样光谱分析数据验证了该诊断方法的有效性,解决了车用发动机在不连续采样情况下的磨损故障诊断难题。     

Economic analysis of ride-sourcing markets

Ride-sourcing refers to an emerging urban mobility service that private car owners drive their own vehicles to provide for-hire rides. This paper analyzes the ride-sourcing market using an aggregate model where the matchings between customers and drivers are captured by an exogenous matching function. It is found that without any regulatory intervention a monopoly ride-sourcing platform will maximize the joint profit with its drivers. On the other hand, the first-best solution is not sustainable when the matching function exhibits increasing returns to scale and the cost function of the platform is subject to economies of scale. Regardless of the examined market scenarios, the average waiting time of customers is proportional to the average searching time of drivers. We establish conditions for regulators to solely regulate the commission charged by the platform to guarantee the second-best. We further investigate the competition of ride-sourcing platforms and find that competition does not necessarily lower the price level or improve social welfare. In the latter case, regulators may rather encourage the merger of the platforms and regulate them directly as a monopolist.     

高速公路加铺热拌超薄磨耗层级配设计研究

热拌超薄磨耗层是公路预防性养护的有效技术之一，基于某高速超薄磨耗层预防性养护工程，对不同级配进行路用性能试验研究。结果表明，不同级配混合料孔隙率随着2.36 mm筛孔通过率的增加而降低，细集料和矿粉均会填充混合料孔隙而且矿粉的填充效果为细集料的3倍。随着超薄磨耗层级配由粗变密，混合料马歇尔稳定度增加，肯塔堡飞散损失降低，疲劳寿命下降，采用矿粉作为填料的混合料性能显著优于细集料。相关性分析结果表明，超薄磨耗层混合料马歇尔稳定度，飞散损失以及疲劳性能与孔隙率存在较好的相关性，TSR结果与沥青膜厚度存在较好的相关性。超薄磨耗层的设计需要充分考虑孔隙率与沥青膜厚度指标。     

热油泵机械密封泄漏原因及对策

冷却系统结垢后,摩擦副端面温度过高,这是导致热油泵机械密封失败的根本原因.采取软化水夹套冷却和新增静环背冷等措施,可降低摩擦副端面温度,从而解决密封泄漏的问题.     

A substitute model of two-dimensional dry friction exposed to dither generated by rolling contact of wheel and rail

Dither generated by rolling contact of wheel and rail smoothes dry friction damping provided by the primary suspension dampers of freight wagons and it should be taken into account in numerical simulations. But numerically the problem is non-smooth and this leads to long execution time during simulation, especially when the vehicle with friction dampers is modelled in the environment of an multi-body system simulation program, whose solver has to cope with many strong non-linearities. The other difficulty is the necessity of handling within the code a number of big volume files of recorded dither sampled with high frequency. To avoid these difficulties, a substitute model of two-dimensional dry friction exposed to dither is proposed that does not need application of dither during simulation, but it behaves as if dither were applied. Due to this property of the model, the excitation of the vehicle model by track irregularities may be supplied as low-frequency input, which allows fast execution and, the necessity of handling high-volume files of recorded dither is avoided. The substitute model is numerically effective. To identify parameters of the substitute model, a pre-processing employing a sample of the realistic dither is carried-out on a simple two-degrees-of-freedom system. The substitute model is anisotropic, describing anisotropic properties of the two-dimensional friction arising in the presence of one-dimensional dither. The model may be applied in other branches of engineering, for example, in mechatronics and robotics, where application of dither may improve the accuracy of positioning devices.