一类奇异积分算子与无界连续函数逼近

利用扩展乘数法建立了MnpakbяH算子逼近全实轴上任意无界连续函数的收敛性定理，给出了具有一般性的结论，从而推广了前人的若干重要定理。     

小底坡梯形明渠临界水深的加权逼近法

用两小加权迭代法计算小底坡梯形明渠的临界水深，计算简便，而精度很高；迭代两步所得结果的相对误差为１０＾－５数量级，迭代三步为１０＾－６数量级，适用范围也较宽，能满足一般水利工程的需要。     

Stability enhancement of a high-speed train bogie using active mass inertial actuators

In this study, a method regarding frame lateral vibration control based on the state feedback of an additional oscillator is proposed, so as to improve the bogie hunting stability. The multi-objective optimisation method (MOOP), with two objective functions of the stability index and control effort, is solved by the NSGA-II algorithm to obtain the feedback gains. The frame lateral vibration control can effectively improve the bogie hunting stability according to the linear and non-linear analysis of a high-speed train bogie, in which a fault of the yaw damper and time delay in the control system are considered. The effect of the oscillator suspension parameters and time delay on the system stability and robustness are analysed. The results show that the damped vibration frequency of the oscillator should be equal to the bogie hunting frequency, but a harder oscillator suspension can be used to improve the hunting critical speed margin of the bogie control system. However, just as how the feeding the frame states back directly, a hard oscillator suspension will lead to instability in the control system at a certain time delay. Therefore, the improvement of bogie hunting stability and reduction of control system stability must be considered when optimising the oscillator parameters. For the 350?km/h train bogie covered in this study, the optimal mass, natural frequency and damping ratio of the additional oscillator are acquired.     

Lateral Vehicle Behaviour: Comparison of Subjective/Objective Assessment Using the Choquet Integral

This paper presents an original method for the aggregation of transverse behaviour indicators obtained first from a subjective assessment then from an objective one of different vehicles tested under normal working conditions. The Choquet integral is used with respect to fuzzy measures. The main advantage of this method is to take account of the existing interactions between the indicators: redundancy, complementarity, inde-pendence. When this tool is used for subjective and objective evaluations, the computation methods of the objective indicators can be validated. Moreover, the influence of the human factor in the judgment of vehicle behaviour is easier to understand.     

A methodology to derive the critical demand density for designing and operating feeder transit services

Feeder lines are one of the most often used types of flexible transit services connecting a service area to a major transit network through a transfer point. They often switch operations between a demand responsive and a fixed-route policy. In designing and running such systems, the identification of the condition justifying the operating switch is often hard to properly evaluate. In this paper, we propose an analytical model and solution of the problem to assist decision makers and operators in their choice. By employing continuous approximations, we derive handy but powerful closed-form expressions to estimate the critical demand densities, representing the switching point between the competing operating policies. Based on the results of one-vehicle and two-vehicle operations for various scenarios, in comparison to values generated from simulation, we verify the validity of our analytical modeling approach.     

公共卫生事件暴发初期的医疗物资调度优化

在公共卫生事件暴发初期，为了合理高效地分配医疗物资，兼顾医疗物资运输成本和运输延误，以新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎为例，研究了公共卫生事件暴发初期受影响较大地区的医疗物资调度问题。基于疫情期间医疗物资供给不足的实际情况，结合各个医疗点对医疗物资的不同需求，采用最优化理论与方法建立考虑物资延迟损失和物流成本的双目标医疗物资优化调度分配模型。同时，采用外逼近法对模型进行求解，通过算例分析验证模型的有效性和算法的高效性。结果表明：由所构建的兼顾延迟损失与物流成本的双目标模型及采用的算法，能够得到不同条件下的医疗物资分配方案，所构建的双目标优化模型可以更好地兼顾医疗物资分配过程中的延迟损失和物流成本，并根据疫情走势及医疗物资供给实际情况提供更为合理的调度方案。     

近似模型在非均匀环肋圆柱耐压壳优化中的应用研究

为提高潜水器耐压壳的稳定性和材料的利用率,该文在圆柱耐压壳设计中引入了非均匀肋骨布置方案,采用不等刚度不等间距分布的肋骨形式。在优化过程中,引入了近似模型技术,提出基于近似模型的非均匀环肋圆柱壳结构优化设计方法,通过试验设计在设计空间内选取样本点,建立近似模型,并以此搭建了近似模型优化策略对环肋圆柱耐压壳进行优化。研究结果表明,对于非均匀环肋圆柱壳采用合理的肋骨布置方案能有效地提高其力学性能及材料利用率;二阶 RSM 近似模型和 RBF 近似模型均能合理反映样本空间的样本点,基于近似模型优化方法能以较小的计算量克服优化过程中出现的数值噪声和错误。良好的优化结果表明该优化方法具有广泛的应用前景和空间。     

基于不确定需求的电动汽车共享系统规划方法

电动汽车共享有助于解决交通拥堵和环境污染问题。为提高电动汽车共享系统效率，保 障系统的可持续性，本文考虑共享需求的不确定性，提出单向电动汽车共享系统最优配置方法。 首先，以多情景处理共享需求的不确定性，以车站和状态集计车辆和调度员，考虑需求价格弹性， 构建共享电动汽车系统配置模型。然后，针对3类共享出行需求价格弹性函数，根据需求为整数 的特点，设计基于割线的外逼策略，提出用于模型求解的外点法。最后，算例证实了考虑共享需 求不确定性的必要性，分析了共享需求方差、弹性以及需求量对共享电动汽车系统利润的影响。 研究结果表明，共享电动汽车系统利润随需求量和需求方差的增加而增加，随需求弹性绝对值的 增加而减少。     

Quadratic approximation and convergence of some bush-based algorithms for the traffic assignment problem

This paper first shows that LUCE (Gentile, 2012), a recent addition to the family of bush-based algorithms, is closely related to OBA (Bar-Gera, 2002). LUCE’s promise comes mainly from its use of the greedy method for solving the quadratic approximation of node-based subproblems, which determines the search direction. While the greedy algorithm accelerates the solution of the subproblems and reduces the cost of line search, it unexpectedly disrupts the overall convergence performance in our experiments, which consistently show that LUCE failed to converge beyond certain threshold of relative gap. Our analysis suggests that the root cause to this interesting behavior is the inaccurate quadratic approximation constructed on faulty information of second-order derivatives. Because the quadratic approximations themselves are inaccurate, the search directions generated from them are sub-optimal. Unlike OBA, however, LUCE does not have a mechanism to correct these search directions through line search, which explains why its convergence performance suffers the observed breakdowns. We also attempt to improve LUCE using the ideas that have been experimented for the improvement of OBA. While these improvements do work, their effects are not enough to counteract the inability to adjust sub-optimal search directions. Importantly, the fact that the search direction has to be corrected in line search to ensure smooth convergence attests to the limitation of origin-based flow aggregation shared by both OBA and LUCE. These findings offer guidelines for the design of high performance traffic assignment algorithms.     

一种多学科设计优化近似模型构建方法

通过采用单个参数控制样本的误差界限、采用Laplace损失函数和改变置信区间项,给出了一种基于单参数的Lagrangian支持向量回归算法。以实际数值函数为例,通过采用三组不同样本集进行拟合训练,构建了基于支持向量机的近似模型;以石油平台支援船总阻力估算为例,通过与模型试验及其他典型方法的对比,检验了算法用于近似模型构建的准确性和适用性。研究结果表明,采用支持向量机方法构建近似模型在小样本条件下比神经网络等传统方法具有更好的泛化性和推广能力,能够有效提高计算精度与优化效率,在复杂系统多学科优化设计中具有很大的应用价值。