路基宽度对多年冻土区透壁式通风管-块石复合路基降温效应的影响

多年冻土区公路路基大多属高温冻土、极易受工程的影响产生融化下沉,多年冻土区宽幅公路聚热效应尤明显,路基宽度的增加会导致路基病害加重,路基稳定性问题已成为青藏道路工程建设亟待解决的关键问题。透壁式通风管-块石复合路基是一种主动降温措施。为研究其在宽幅公路的冷却效果及路基宽度的变化对路基降温效应的影响,基于块石层和通风管中空气的流速场和多孔介质传热的温度场的特征,采用两相物理场耦合关系,在考虑全球气候变暖以及路基两侧阴阳坡的条件下对宽幅公路透壁式通风管-块石复合路基的温度场进行数值模拟,分析路基施工后10年间的降温效应。研究结果表明:相较于素土路基,透壁式通风管-块石复合路基在路基下侧形成稳定冰核,对宽幅公路的冷却效果更为显著,宽度对路基的风速场和温度场影响明显。路基宽度增大,透壁式通风管风速减小,块石层风速增加,冰核面积及其下移深度增长速率变小,路基稳定时间加长,透壁式通风管-块石复合路基的降温效应逐渐减弱。当路基宽度大于32 m时,块石层风速增长速率明显放缓,低温区域面积增长速率及边缘深度下移增长速率下降,路基稳定时间延长,零温线上升高度减小。     

Numerical simulation of rock fracturing under uniaxial compression using virtual internal bond model

A multi-scale virtual internal bond (VIB) model for the isotropic materials has been recently proposed to describe the material deformation and fracturing. During the simulation process of material fracturing using VIB, the fracture criterion is directly built into the constitutive formulation of the material using the cohesive force law. Enlightened by the similarity of the damage constitutive model of rock under uniaxial compression and the cohesive force law of VIB, a VIB density function of rock under uniaxial compression is suggested. The elastic modulus tensor is formulated on the basis of the density function. Thus the complete deformation process of rock under the uniaxial compression is simulated.     

玻璃纤维加筋土强度特征试验研究

为了揭示玻璃纤维加筋土的加筋机理,进行多因素多水平的室内三轴试验,研究玻璃纤维加筋土的强度和变形特性,并采用多元回归分析,得出考虑多因素影响的玻璃纤维加筋土强度指标公式.试验结果表明:玻璃纤维加筋土的应力-应变曲线近似呈双曲线;玻璃纤维的掺入可改变砂土结构,提高纤维土的强度,特别是强度指标粘聚力提高显著,但是对元筋砂土内摩擦角影响不大;玻璃纤维加筋土粘聚力c与纤维长度l,纤维掺加比例m存在非线性关系;抗剪强度增加幅度与纤维掺加比例之间是非线性关系,与纤维长度之间近似呈线性关系.     

Research on Characteristics of the Lateral Settlement Trough Caused by Shield Construction

Introduction Shanghai No.2 Metro line is an east-west linewhich is perpendicular to No.1 Metro line. Thetest research in situ was carried out in a place be-tween Longdong Road Station and Central ParkStation. The longitudinal slope changes largely inall the range. The stratum passed through is Qua-ternary Period grey silty clay. The tunnel in thissection is comprised of the prefabricated reinforcedconcrete liner, 5.5 m in internal diameter, 6.2 min external diameter, 1 m in ring width, 0…     

Temperature adjustment mechanism of composite embankment with perforated ventilation pipe and blocky stone

Based on the advantages of perforated ventilation characteristic of perforated ventilation pipe embankment and large porosity of blocky stone embankment, composite embankment with ventilation pipe and blocky stone is more efficient to protect the underlying permafrost. The temperature fields and cooling effect of composite embankment with air doors are simulated by examining the effects of holes＇ position drilled in the pipe, diameter in pipe and density of holes. It is shown that the underlying permafrost temperature obviously reduces by composite methods, the location of 0℃ isotherm raises significantly, especially permafrost temperature under the center and shoulder of embankment reduces more quickly, the composite embankment with holes drilled in the lower side of pipe is the most efficient, the increase of diameter has a slight influence on the 0℃ isotherm＇s raising, and the density of holes slightly influences the raising of 0℃ isotherm.     

通风管路基的调温机理

考虑通风管路基中通风管的空气对流换热特点,摈弃把通风管的影响作为边界条件处理的方法,建立多年冻土区的通风管路基的数值模型,对设置和未设置风门的通风管路基的温度特性进行数值模拟,分析2种情况下通风管路基的调温效果,为多年冻土区的路基工程的建设和安全运营提供技术支撑.研究表明:通风管路基能够明显地降低冻土地基的温度,提高冻土的人为上限;与无风门的路基相比,有风门的通风管路基降低冻土地基的温度的效果更加明显,降温作用发生得更早,冻土人为上限的提高幅度更大,路基中心和路肩下的地基温度降低更快,且温度分布较均匀,路基温度稳定所需要的时间减少.     

岩石破坏全过程的CT细观损伤演化机理动态分析

利用最新研制的与ＣＴ机配套的专用加载设备，进行了三轴（单）荷载作用下岩石破坏全 细观损伤扩展规律的动态ＣＴ试验。得到了在不同葆载作用下岩石从微孔洞坟密到微裂纹萌生、分叉、发展、断鲜明、破坏直到卸载等各个阶段清晰的ＣＴ图像。对得到的ＣＴ数等进行了分析，给出了应力损伤门槛值，得到损失扩展的初步规律。     

Evaluation of Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction and Dynamic Seismic Soil Pressures Acting on It Subjected to Strong Earthquake Motions

Introduction A detailed reconnaissance survey was conduct-ed at the underground structures such as subwaystructures, mountain tunnels, multipurpose under-ground ducts and other underground structures,around the Hanshin District caused by the 1995Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake[1,2]. Among thesestructures, the Daikai Subway Station is the firstsubway structure that completely collapsed due tothe earthquake[3]. In order to clarify the dynamicbehaviors and the damage mechanism of the DaikaiSubway S…     

交通运输与物流业、旅游业发展耦合协调度分析——以武汉市为例

研究城市交通与其他系统间的协调性问题具有重要意义。为研究交通运输与物流业、交通运输与旅游业发展的协调程度, 构建反映3个系统发展水平的指标体系, 在此基础上构建耦合协调度模型、分析系统间的耦合协调状况。以武汉市2010-2017年交通运输系统与物流业、旅游业发展为例, 进行综合实证分析。结果显示, 3个系统之间综合评价值总体上均呈现出持续上升发展之势。其中, 交通运输业与物流业的协调耦合度从2010年的0.0841上升至2017年的0.9301, 交通运输业与旅游业的协调耦合度从2010年的0.1197上升至2017年的0.9314, 均经历了从严重失调到高度协调的阶段。研究结果与武汉市实际发展情况一致, 可证明所提方法的有效性。      

Full waveform inversion method for horizontally inhomogeneous stratified media

Full waveform inversion method is an approach to grasp the physical property parameters of underground media in geotechnical nondestructive detection and testing field. Using finite-difference time domain （FDTD） method for elastic wave equations, the full-wave field in horizontally inhomogeneous stratified media for elastic wave logging was calculated. A numerical 2D model with three layers was computed for elastic wave propagation in horizontally inhomogeneous media. The full waveform inversion method was verified to be feasible for evaluating elastic parameters in lateral inhomogeneous stratified media and showed well accuracy and conver- gence. It was shown that the time cost of inversion had certain dependence on the choice of starting initial model. Furthermore, this method was used in the detection of nonuniform grouting in the construction of immersed tube tunnel. The distribution of nonuniform grouting was clearly evaluated by the S-wave velocity profile of grouted mortar base below the tunnel floor.