船舶舱底含油废水中的超滤膜深度处理研究

船舶舱底的含油废水,主要是由船舶机舱内各种阀件和管路中漏出的废水,或是轮机在运转过程中泄漏的油污组合而成。而超滤膜技术凭借其小空间、低能耗、精简化、高效率的特点,目前在处理船舶舱底含油废水中效果显著。但在运行过程中,膜污染则不可避免,其在实际应用中不仅会造成膜通量下降甚至影响膜的分离特性,进而降低超滤膜工艺的工作效率。同时如果对船舶舱底长期采取化学药剂的清洗,还是会不可避免的对船体本身造成损耗,减少其使用寿命,甚至会导致其过滤性能彻底失效。因此针对船舶舱底含油废水,如何科学合理地采取超滤膜技术对其进行处理,是本文研究的重点。     

专业标准与行业规范对接,提高轮机工程技术专业群高端技能型人才适任能力

本课题通过对船舶及航运行业的广泛调研,归纳总结了轮机工程技术专业高端技能型专门人才应具备的职业适任能力。围绕学生职业适任能力的培养,提出＂工学六融合＂人才培养理念,将专业标准与行业规范有机融合,构建能力、素质并重,＂双证＂并举的课程体系,与主管部门及相关企业共同设计适任能力评估标准体系,建立船员教育与培训质量管理体系,校、企、政三方协同强化教学过程质量监控,有效提高了学生综合素质和实践动手能力。     

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in EGSB and UASB reactors at 10 ℃

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed （EGSB） and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket （UASB） reactors at 10℃ were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d^-1 , 2.8 d^-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d^-1 , 3.5 d^-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB＇s k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d^-1 , 14.3 d^-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d^-1, 6.6 d^-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10 ℃ can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.