Effects of Blade Loading Distribution on the Cavitation and Excitation Forces of a Tunnel Thruster

Compared with open propellers, the impeller of a tunnel thruster is more vulnerable to cavitation and structural vibration problems because the impeller is typically subject to severe non-uniformity of inflow produced by the blunt gearbox. Model tests and numerical simulations are carried out in the cavitation tunnel of Shanghai Jiao Tong University for a tunnel thruster using a "flat plate" impeller and a tip-unloaded one. The characteristics of fluctuating pressures on the tunnel wall and the resultant excitation forces are investigated. It is found that although unloading the blade tips of an impeller is effective in reducing the fluctuating pressures in a local tunnel wall area near the tips, the same trend does not apply to the case of the excitation forces. The results show that care should be taken when the experimentally measured fluctuating pressures are utilized as the input to the analysis of structural vibrations.     

基于粘势耦合方法的空泡水筒阻塞效应数值模拟与分析

阻塞效应修正是提高空泡水筒水动力测量结果精度的重要措施。本文以上海交通大学新空泡水筒为研究对象,采用粘势耦合方法预报某7叶螺旋桨盘面处的实效伴流场,以此修正螺旋桨进速实现空泡水筒的阻塞效应修正。首先采用面元法对螺旋桨进行敞水预报,建立体积力模型将其力场插值到RANS网格中进行计算,得到桨盘面的实效伴流场。然后根据实效伴流分数归纳进速修正公式对螺旋桨推力和扭矩曲线进行修正,从而实现了空泡水筒到敞水结果的阻塞效应修正。结果表明,空泡水筒中计算的推力和扭矩曲线修正后与敞水中的计算吻合良好。     

空泡对喷水推进器流道脉动压力影响的试验研究

为研究空泡对喷水推进器流道脉动压力的影响,该文以某一轴流式喷水推进器为对象,在空泡水筒中开展脉动压力模型试验研究。为使试验尽可能接近喷水推进器在实船上的工作状态,在空泡水筒上搭建了专用试验台,利用空泡水筒试验段模拟船底水流和推进器进口流道,从而在试验段上方构建喷水推进器旁路试验装置。试验在不同流量及空泡数下进行,通过测量喷水推进器叶轮段流道内壁的脉动压力,并优化测点布置,研究流道脉动压力沿叶轮叶梢弦长方向和周向的分布规律以及空泡的影响。试验结果表明：在叶梢弦长方向上,空泡对流道脉动压力的影响主要集中在0～50%弦长区域;周向脉动压力最大值出现在进口流道及叶轮轴引起的低流速区,而空泡对周向脉动压力的影响也集中在此区域。