Characteristics of new-type energy absorber for vehicle collision

A new type energy absorber was introduced, which is composed of thousands of thin ring plates with different diameters. Because it can switch the impact to thousands of shearing actions among thin ring plates inside the absorber, the impact energy is decentralized and dissipated gradually, the impact acting time is extended and the peak of acceleration is reduced obviously. Numerical simulations by finite element method (FEM) coupled with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method were preformed to predict the energy absorption characteristics. Energy absorption ability with different impact velocities was studied and the effects of thickness and material of ring plates were discussed. The sled crash test was carried out to validate the result of simulations. The new type absorber is effective for collision that impact velocity is lower than 40 km/h.     

新型汽车碰撞能量吸收器

提出一种新型汽车碰撞吸收器,该装置具有机械的、剪切型的吸能方式。文中给出了该吸收器的结构和工作原理,对吸收器特性进行了台架与台车碰撞试验。试验结果表明:该吸收器能分解一次性碰撞的巨大能量,逐渐减小碰撞力并逐渐吸收其能量;降低人体所承受的减速度值及减少发生二次碰撞的概率。