比索洛尔对大动脉水平左向右分流大鼠窦房结HCN2、HCN4通道mRNA表达及固有心率的影响

目的以大动脉水平左向右分流SD大鼠心衰模型为研究对象,观察固有心率、窦房结起搏电流HCN2及HCN4亚型mRNA在心脏重构过程中的变化,以及选择性β1-受体阻滞剂比索洛尔对它们的影响。方法通过腹腔动静脉造瘘术建立慢性大动脉水平左向右分流心力衰竭模型,并以假手术组动物为对照。共同饲养2月后,随机分别给予安慰剂或比索洛尔。4周后再次行超声心动检查;测定血流动力学改变及固有心率;提取RNA进行实时定量RT-PCR测定各组HCN通道各亚型mRNA的表达水平。结果造模后2月,超声心动图显示,手术组大鼠心脏扩大,左室厚度显著增高,射血分数则显著降低(P<0.01)。比索洛尔干预4周后未能逆转大动脉水平左向右分流引起的心腔扩大(P>0.05),但可改善心脏功能(P<0.05)并提高固有心率(P<0.01)。HCN通道蛋白mRNA检测显示:①大鼠窦房结组织中HCN2表达占优势,HCN4相对较少(79%、21%);②安慰剂组HCN4mRNA水平较假手术组明显下降(0.09±0.02 vs.1.04±0.13,P<0.01),而HCN2mRNA表达在各组间没有统计学差异;③比索洛尔治疗后,HCN4基因mRNA水平明显回升(0.99±0.15 vs.0.09±0.02,P<0.01)。结论①比索洛尔干预在改善心衰大鼠心脏功能的同时,可以降低基础心率、升高固有心率;②大动脉水平左向右分流导致心衰大鼠窦房结HCN4通道mRNA的表达降低,比索洛尔治疗可以逆转该通道的重构。这是其影响固有心率、改善心功能的可能机制。     

自发性高血压大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞BKCa通道的活性及表达改变

目的 观察自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneous hypertensive rats, SHR)与Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)大鼠肠系膜动脉血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells, VSMCs)大电导钙激活钾通道(large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, BKCa)电流及通道α亚单位表达的差异.方法 实验采用16～18周龄SHR(N=20)及WKY(N=20)大鼠,尾套法测量大鼠尾动脉血压;胶原酶分离VSMCs,全细胞膜片钳技术记录全细胞总钾电流密度及BKCa电流;激光共聚焦观察BKCaα亚单位在VSMCs胞膜及胞质内的分布.结果 SHR较WKY大鼠的收缩压与舒张压均有显著升高(P<0.05);全细胞外向钾电流密度及BKCa电流密度均有显著性增加(P<0.05);SHR的BKCaα亚单位在胞膜及胞质内均有广泛分布,SHR大鼠VSMCs胞质与胞膜的荧光强度较WKY大鼠均有显著性升高(P<0.05).结论 BKCa电流密度增加可能与BKCa通道α亚单位的表达增多有关,SHR大鼠VSMCs的BKCa电流密度增加引起血管的舒张,不能抵消平滑肌细胞的肌源性收缩可能是导致高血压的发生机制之一.     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及GFP转染标记

目的建立大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)的分离和培养方法,检测绿色荧光蛋白基因转染MSCs的瞬时表达及转染效率。方法应用Percoll密度梯度离心法分离大鼠MSCs,贴壁法不断纯化,流式细胞仪检测2代细胞表面CD34、CD71和CD90的表达,然后用pEGFP-N3与Lipofectamine 2000不同浓度比例转染MSCs,荧光倒置显微镜下观察瞬时表达及转染效率。结果①原代MSCs多呈纺锤形或梭形,有聚集生长的倾向,多3~5个细胞成为一个集落。传代后,细胞变为形态均一的排列有序的成纤维细胞样,长梭形,胞浆突起较少,胞体轮廓不甚清晰,胞体也相对较大;②GFP转染后24 h即可见绿色荧光蛋白表达,72 h表达最强,此后逐渐减弱,到4周时仍可见少量表达;③转染效率与质粒和脂质体的浓度比例有关,1∶2到1∶3最高。结论利用Percoll密度梯度离心法结合贴壁法可以获得比较纯的MSCs;GFP转染是一种较好的MSCs标记方法。     

Serum concentrations of laminin and fibronectin in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Objective To study the serum iaminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN) changes in acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and explore the role of them in assessing the severity of ACS. Methods This study included 46 ACS patients [25 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 21 with unstable angina (UA)], 51 stable angina (SA) patients and 47 people without CHD as controls. Serum levels of LN, FN, fibrinogen and blood fat were assessed. Coronary angiography were performed on 49 of them. Results The serum concentration of LN was lower in ACS patients [(85.20±27. 57)ng/mL], higher in SA patients [(116. 80 ± 28. 80)ng/mL] as compared to that in the control group [(100.06±29.96)ng/mL], with significant difference among the groups (P<0.05). No difference was found in FN among the three groups. However, the subgroup analysis in the group with ACS showed that the serum concentration of FN was significantly higher in UA patients [(229.60±121.39)μg/mL ], and lower in AMI patients [(108.31±47.12) μg/mL ]. The serum LN and FN concentration could respectively enter the logistic regression equations of ACS patients and US patients. Neither LN nor FN concentration was correlated with narrowing of coronary artery of angiography. Conclusion Serum LN and FN level may be a useful indicator for stability of atherosclerosis plaque in coronary arterial disease patients, but could not predict the extent of narrowing in coronary angiography.