Novel Asynchronous Wrapper and Its Application to GALS Systems

An asynchronous wrapper with novel handshake circuits for data communication in globally asynchronous locally synchronous （GALS） systems is proposed. The handshake circuits include two communication ports and a local clock generator. Two approaches for the implementation of communication ports are presented, one with pure standard cells and the others with Mttller-C elements. The detailed design methodology for GALS systems is given and the circuits are validated with VHDL and circuits simulation in standard CMOS technology.     

ALTERATION IN CONTRACTILE RESPONSE TO NORADRENALINE,5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE, SARAFOTOXIN 6c, AND ANGIOTENSINⅡ IN RAT MESENTERIC ARTERY DURING ORGAN CULTURE

Theresistanceinindividualvascularbedsdeter minesthelocaldistributionofbloodflowtoandwithindifferentorgans.Thecontractilestateofanarteryiscontrolledbymediatorsreleasedlocallyfromnerveterminalsandendothelialcells ,andbycirculatinghormones .Thesemediatorsgiverisetoeffectsthroughtheirreceptors .Mediatorscanaffectvascularsmoothmuscleei therdirectly ,byactingonthesmoothmusclecellsthemselves ,orindirectly ,byactingonendothelialcellsoronnerveterminals ,especiallythoseofthesympatheticnervoussystem .Som…     

ALTERATION IN CONTRACTILE RESPONSE TO NORADRENALINE,5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE,SARAFOTOXIN 6c,AND ANGIOTENSINⅡIN RAT MESENTERIC ARTERY DURING ORGAN CULTURE

Objective To compare the vasoconstrictive effects of 9 mediators on fresh and incubated mesenteric arteries of rats. Methods The superior mesenteric artery of rat was removed and the endothelium was denuded. The vessels were cut into 1 mm long cylindrical segments and subjected to organ culture for 24 hours. Fresh or incubated segments were immersed into tissue baths and the concentration-response curves were obtained by cumulative administration of the vasoconstrictors. Results In fresh mesenteric artery, endothelin-1 (ET-1), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), noradrenaline (NA), 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT), and angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) induced potent and sustained constrictions in a concentration-dependent manner. The contraction induced by sarafotoxin 6c (S6c) was weak, while bradykinin (BK), des-Arg-bradykinin (DA-BK), and human urotensinⅡ (hUT-II) showed no detectable contraction. The concentraion-response curves in order of slopes was ET-1, NA, 5-HT, 5-CT, and AngⅡ. The order of the maximum contractions was ET-1>NA=5-HT=5-CT>AngⅡ>S6c. After organ culture, the concentration-response curves induced by S6c, NA, and 5-HT were significantly increased, while that induced by AngⅡ was decreased as comparing to fresh arteries. BK contracted the artery only weakly. Conclusion Organ culture changed the phenotypes towards an increased efficacy of NA, 5-HT, S6c, and a reduced efficacy of AngⅡ, which is in accordance with the results of pharmacological characterization in some human vascular disease.     

两份截然相反的报告

IMO调查报告指出，2020年1月1日限硫开始时，将会有足够的燃油来满足含硫量为0.5%的需求，而EnSys/Navigistics的报告却显示很可能无法满足低硫燃油的需求。两份报告结论截然相反。     

为使DL240ZJ系列柴油机排放达标所进行的开发

本文概述中国大连机车车辆厂的DL240ZJ系列柴油机的发展历程,介绍为使其达到UICⅡ排放标准所实施的减排开发计划。该计划包括借助CFD计算进行性能模拟,优化燃烧系统,对燃烧室、凸轮轴等关键部件进行重新设计,以及改用电子控制的燃油喷射系统。最后,对D1240柴油机下一步如何应对更为严格的UICⅢ排放标准的挑战进行了展望。