蒸汽喷射压缩器特性计算与分析

基于热力学原理并引入气体动力学函数,建立了蒸汽喷射压缩器的计算模型,提出了喷射压缩器喷射系数及压缩压力等特性参数的计算方法.计算分析了工作蒸汽压力、引射蒸汽压力、压缩比等对最佳喷射系数的影响,以及喷射系数和压缩压力、压缩比的关系特性,为蒸汽喷射压缩器的热力参数设计提供了理论依据和有效的计算方法.     

Coupled heat and mass transfer analysis of NH<Subscript>3</Subscript>-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O falling film absorption on inner tube surface with low solution flow rates

NH₃-H₂O falling film absorption usually takes place with low solution flow rate in real absorption refrigeration system. An experimental study of inner vertical absorption is carried out for the consideration of air-cooling absorber. Variable working conditions are tested to evaluate the heat and mass transfer performances.The traditional evaluation method based on log-mean-temperature（concentration） difference is criticized for its lack of theoretical basis while simultaneous heat and mass transfer process occurs. A new method proposed by Kim and Infante Ferreira is modified to evaluate the experimental results with reasonable assumptions. The method is based on the derivation of coupled heat and mass transfer differential equations of NH₃-H₂O absorption process.The analysis of the same experimental data shows that the new method realizes better consistency with smaller error, especially in heat transfer aspect. Heat and mass transfer performance is enhanced with the increase of solution Reynolds number. Sub-cooling of inlet weak solution also has positive influence on the absorption process,which should be evaluated by the new method correctly. Two correlations are developed to evaluate both Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for the design of air-cooling absorber.     

Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Elliptic Cylinder with Axis Ratio 4：1 in Crossflow

The heat transfer features around the elliptic cylinder of axis ratio 4：1 in crossflow were investigated experimentally within a wide range of Reynolds number. By means of heat-mass transfer analogy and the naphthalene sublimation technique, the local heat transfer distribution and the mean heat transfer coefficient are clarified.The result shows that the mean heat transfer coefficient is higher than that of a circular cylinder in most Reynolds number range regarded, and this superiority turns to be more significant with the increase of flow speed. Moreover, the effect of axis ratio on mean heat transfer coefficient was investigated tentatively. The oil-lampblack technique was employed to enable visualization of the flow pattern around the cylinder and on the cylinder wall.     

Performance Comparison and Analysis of Heating and Ventilation of Two Kinds of Roof Solar Collectors

Two roof solar collectors (RSCs), conventional single pass RSC and new double pass RSC, were compared. The new roof solar collector, which is formed by integrating a double pass solar air collector with the roof of the building, can be operated more efficiently for space heating in winter, and for natural ventilation in other seasons. To evaluate the performances of the two RSCs for both space heating and natural ventilation, a single traditional Chinese style house, on which the two RSCs will be mounted, was developed. The efficiency of solar energy conversion for the new RSC is higher than that of the single pass one by 10% on average, and the ventilation rate contributed by natural ventilation for the new RSC can be improved to a great extent for most cases, indicating that the new RSC is superior to the single pass one from the viewpoint of both space heating and natural ventilation. The new RSC is more potential for improving indoor thermal environment and energy saving of buildings.     

Performance research of a micro-CCHP system with adsorption chiller

This paper describes a new micro-combined cooling,heating and power(CCHP) system,which is especially suitable for domestic and light commercial applications. It mainly consists of a natural gas-fired internal combustion engine,a silica gel-water adsorption chiller and other heat recovery units. In order to study the energy effciency and economic feasibility,an experimental investigation has been carried out. The experimental system has a rated electricity power of 12 kW,a rated cooling capacity of 9 kW and a rated heating capacity of 28 kW. Evaluation and analysis of the system are discussed in detail. The testing results show that the energy effciency of the overall system depends on different modes. The overall thermal and electrical effciency is over 70%. Higher heat load supplied causes higher effciency of the system. Economic evaluation shows that the micro-CCHP system enjoys a small capital cost and short payback period,which is easily accepted by customers. At current natural gas price of 1.9 RMB/m3(nominal condition) and electric price of 0.754 RMB/(kW·h) ,the total capital cost is only 90 000 RMB with a payback period of 3.21 years.     

船舶余热回收现状及吸附制冷应用前景

热管式余热蒸汽锅炉和热水器在船舶上已得到成功应用。渔船余热回收的吸附式制冷系统也有很大的开发潜力。文章着重介绍回收船舶尾气余热的热管蒸汽锅炉系统、吸附式制冷的空调系统、冷冻水系统、制冰系统     

Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Elliptic Cylinder with Axis Ratio 4∶1 in Crossflow

Nomenclature a,b—Lengthofmajor/minorsemi-axisof ellipticcylinder(m)A—Masstransferarea(m2)Dπ—Diameterofcircularcylinderofequal circumferentiallength(m)DAB—Massdiffusioncoefficient(m2/s)k—Overallcapacityindex M—Massloss(kg)P—Circumferenceofellipticcylinder(m)Δp—Pressuredrop(Pa)Q—Volumeflowrate(m3/s)Tw—Walltemperature(°C)T∞—Temperatureofupstreamuniformflow(°C)u—Velocityofairflow(m/s)α—Totalheattransfercoefficient(W/(m2·K))β—Masstransfercoefficient(m/s)φ—Angleawa…     

单效热压缩海水淡化系统变工况特性分析

通过建立单效热压缩海水淡化系统的热力学计算模型,计算分析了对于一定设计条件下的海水淡化装置,当给水温度和冷却水流量等运行工况的改变时对系统性能的影响,计算结果表明,当给水温度偏离设计值时,系统性能降低;通过调节冷却水流量,可以提高系统的运行性能,给水温度低于设计值时,降低冷却水流量可以提高系统工作性能,冷却水流量降低到一定值时,系统工作性能达到最佳;给水温度高于设计值时,提高冷却水流量可以获得高的系统性能,当冷却水流量提高到一定值时,系统性能达到最高点.     

特种异步发电机转子风冷流场和温度场的数值模拟

基于CFD流体计算软件Fluent,对定子蒸发冷却的特种异步发电机转子冷却问题进行了模拟仿真计算.计算仿真结果和试验样机的实测数据吻合较好,证明了所采用的计算模型和数值方法可以对特种异步发电机转子冷却问题进行有效模拟,这为特种异步发电机转子冷却研究提供了重要的模拟仿真手段.     

船用海水淡化装置膜片式负荷调节阀特性CFD数值模拟

利用CFD数值仿真软件Fluent,对船用海水淡化装置膜片式负荷调节阀的流动特性进行了数值模拟,计算和分析了不同弹簧刚度条件下,调节阀开度及流量随进口压力变化的特性,为合理选择弹簧刚度,从而满足不同调节特性的要求提供了设计依据和指导.