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既有文献中关于求解模糊交通问题（所有参数均为模糊数据）的模糊最优解的方法有多种。本文在分析现有方法缺点的基础上,提出了两种方法用于求解具有梯形模糊数的模糊交通问题,其基于模糊线性规划和经典交通方法。同时论证了这两种方法不同于现有方法的优势。通过算例阐述本文方法求解模糊交通问题的过程并分析了求解结果。所提出的方法易于理解且在求解模糊交通问题最优解问题上具有良好的应用前景。     

BIM技术在轨道车辆运维方面研究综述

基于国内外相关研究,梳理了近年来BIM技术在轨道车辆运维领域的研究现状,总结归纳了该领域的理论、技术及应用研究成果。研究结果表明:BIM技术在轨道车辆运维的应用研究框架包括理论、技术和应用3个层次;理论研究集中在车辆建模、数据库建立和运营、维护方面;技术研究集中在三维CAD、平台建设、数字化管理和车辆部件监测等领域;应用研究主要体现在列车的日常运营、维护和价值方面;由于相关研究起步较晚,已有成果还存在一些不足;在理论方面,轨道车辆的建模和数据库建立精细化程度不高,运维全生命周期整体性不足;在技术方面,模型共享、软件协同、信息管理及车辆监测等方面需进一步研究与完善;在应用方面,轨道车辆运维的可视化程度、成本管理及软件开发研究需要更加具体和专业化,细化到各个层面;未来的研究应加强BIM多专业之间的协同设计及数据的规范化,实现与新信息技术的融合,构建智能的综合性管理平台,实现BIM软件更深度的二次开发;将理论、技术与应用结合起来,构建完整的轨道车辆BIM运维体系,完善基于BIM的可视化管理系统,加强对轨道车辆运维中所有服务对象、数据、业务功能一体化管理,提高轨道车辆运维的效率,为轨道车辆运维提供研究基础和理论依据,确保轨道车辆的安全运行。      

Application of Classical Transportation Methods for Solving Fuzzy Transportation Problems

There are several methods, in the literature, for finding a fuzzy optimal solution to fully fuzzy transportation problems (transportation problems in which all the parameters are represented by fuzzy numbers). In this study, the shortcomings of some existing methods are pointed out, and to overcome these shortcomings, two new methods (based on fuzzy linear programming formulation and classical transportation methods) are proposed to find a fuzzy optimal solution to fuzzy transportation problems with a new representation of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The advantages of the proposed methods over existing methods are discussed. Also, it is shown that it is better to use the proposed representation of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers instead of the existing representation of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers for finding a fuzzy optimal solution to fuzzy transportation problems. To illustrate the proposed methods, a fuzzy transportation problem (FTP) is solved using the proposed methods and the obtained results are discussed. The proposed methods are easy to understand and to apply for finding a fuzzy optimal solution to fuzzy transportation problems occurring in real-life situations.