对劳氏散装货船双层底强度计算法的修正建议

1980年9月,笔者在哈尔滨船舶工程学院以“船舶横强度计算法的五十年变迁”为题讲了100小时的课。在讲课中,对于散装货船双层底强度计算法,以劳氏船级社(以下简称劳氏)的直接计算法为例加以说明。那时,说明了此方法的模型化甚有趣,但还有许多疑点,并讲述了自己的意见。其后,对这些疑点继续加以讨论,结果发现以     

Hydrogen adsorption by woodceramics produced from biomass

Hydrogen adsorption characteristics of woodceramics, made from radiata pine wood fiber boards carbonized at 1 473K after impregnation with phenolic resin, with and without chemical treatment in an alkaline (KOH) or an acid (H₂SO₄) solution were investigated The hydrogen adsorption capacity is improved by chemical treatment. The chemical treatment by KOH improves the adsorption capacity more than by H₂SO₄. The improvement of the capacity level, in any solution, is dependent on the type of chemical in the solution and its concentration. The maximum hydrogen capacity measured at 93K is mass fraction about w(H) = 2% for the woodceramics after chemical treatment in a volume fraction ?? = 50% KOH solution, although that is about w(H) = 0.7% for one without chemical treatment. The microscopic condition of pores in the woodceramics is thought to vary after chemical treatment.     

A study on TLP hull sizing by utilizing optimization algorithm

This paper reports a study on hull sizing for tension leg platforms (TLPs) using an optimization model. At the conceptual or basic design stage of an offshore platform project, hull sizing is one of the most important tasks, having a great impact on later stages of the project. Hull sizing is usually done by an engineering team combining several disciplines and taking account of factors including hydrodynamics, global performance, stability, and structure. This makes it difficult and time-consuming to optimize the hull dimensions. In this study, hull sizing was modeled as an optimization problem in which a range of design criteria had to be satisfied and an objective function minimized. Sizing was then performed using optimization algorithms. For each module, the result calculated by our method was compared with that produced by commercial software (DNV Sesam). Our system was tested for conventional TLP design in three specific metocean environments. Finally, our optimized hull shape was compared with an existing TLP, and the difference in hull shape demanded by each environment was analyzed.     

Study on real-time estimation of the ship motion cross spectra

 Time-varying coefficient vector autoregressive (T-VVAR) modeling with instantaneous responses is applied to spectrum analysis based on the nonstationary motion data of ships. Because of the ship's maneuvers, changes such as course and speed, the ship motions in waves are regarded as a nonstationary random process, although the seaway can be considered as a stationary stochastic process. The T-VVAR model is transformed into a state space model, and the time-varying coefficients can be evaluated by using the Kalman filter algorithm. Using the estimated time-varying coefficients, the instantaneous cross spectra of the ship motions can be calculated at every moment. In order to examine the reliability of the proposed procedure, on-board tests were carried out. Under stationary conditions, at a constant speed and course, the proposed method shows good agreement with stationary vector autoregressive (SVAR) modeling analysis. Moreover, it is confirmed that the proposed method can estimate the instantaneous cross spectra of the ship motions even under nonstationary conditions, showing that this is a powerful tool for on-line analysis of the nonstationary motion data of ships. Received: August 2, 2002 / Accepted: November 28, 2002 Acknowledgments. The authors thank the captain and crew of the training ship Shioji Maru, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine. Address correspondence to: T. Iseki (iseki@ipc.tosho-u.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;190:161–168)     

The public's understanding of the functionality and limitations of automatic braking in Japan

Automated driving systems are increasingly widespread in the automotive industry. To operate automobiles that are assisted by such systems, drivers must correctly understand their functionality and limitations. Hence, focusing on the rapidly spreading technology of automated braking, this study seeks to clarify the general public's understanding of automatic braking systems. A total of 210 Japanese people responded to a questionnaire regarding how automatic brakes are operated, how they work, when they disengage, and so on. The proportion of those who misunderstood the operation of the system is not especially high, but there were a certain percentage of people who had misconceptions; e.g., some believed that automatic braking could detect pedestrians or bicycles. Moreover, respondents were under the impression that drivers cannot readily disengage automatic braking systems. If they mistakenly use the automatic brake, there is a possibility of posing a risk to the road transportation system.     

Platoon-based traffic flow model for estimating breakdown probability at single-lane expressway bottlenecks

This study investigates the mechanism of traffic breakdown and establishes a traffic flow model that precisely simulates the stochastic and dynamic processes of traffic flow at a bottleneck. The proposed model contains two models of stochastic processes associated with traffic flow dynamics: a model of platoon formation behind a bottleneck and a model of speed transitions within a platoon. After these proposed models are validated, they are applied to a simple one-way, one-lane expressway section containing a bottleneck, and the stochastic nature of traffic breakdown is demonstrated through theoretical exercises.     

EXPRESSION OF PCNA，P53，KI－67，EGFR AND ONCOGEN CerbB－2 IN HUMAN SUPERFICIAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF ESOPHAGUS

ＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＰＣＮＡ，Ｐ５３，ＫＩ－６７，ＥＧＦＲＡＮＤＯＮＣＯＧＥＮＣｅｒｂＢ－２ＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＳＵＰＥＲＦＩＣＩＡＬＳＱＵＡＭＯＵＳＣＥＬＬＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＯＦＥＳＯＰＨＡＧＵＳＺｈａｎｇＪｕｎ（张军）ＨｉｒｏｙａｓｕＭａｋｕｕｃｈ...