沥青混合料离析的评价模型与评价标准

采用颗粒力学的基本理论分析了颗粒相互作用时的运动规律,以沥青混合料堆积形成的休止角建立沥青混合料离析模型,推导出沥青混合料的离析势能指数计算公式,开发了沥青混合料离析测定仪,测定了贝雷设计法公称最大粒径16 mm的离析势能指数,并通过试验提出公称最大粒径16 mm的沥青混合料离析标准。试验结果表明:在CA0.5级配附近,沥青混合料的压实比约为0.40,离析势能指数约为0.200,两者都存在一个最小值,且沥青混合料具有良好的压实性和工作稳定性,在施工过程不易发生离析,依据评价标准将沥青混合料离析划分为无离析、轻微离析、中等离析和严重离析,该评价模型和评价标准可用于沥青混合料离析的现场检测和判别。     

基坑开挖对已建地铁站结构的安全性影响研究

研究目的:已建地铁站后续物业开发时,超大基坑施工过程对地铁车站结构的影响较大,为了保证地铁运营的安全性,本文运用数值仿真分析模型,研究了基坑施工过程土体应力、应变特征,分析了基坑开挖对地铁车站结构的影响,评估了地铁车站结构的安全性,对项目进行可行性分析,并给出建议措施。研究结论:(1)地铁车站后续物业开发会对车站结构及轨道产生不利的变形影响;(2)基坑开挖过程中,地层的变形主要出现在基坑底部,施工时,应制定合理的施工方案,遵循"时空效应"原则,避免大块土体开挖;(3)模拟过程中,基坑沉降对地铁车站的影响主要表现在引起局部应力集中,需要对施工过程的关键点进行合理的简化,以保证模拟的准确性和计算的完备性;(4)施工过程中需加强对近邻地铁车站结构的变形监控工作,以保证线路安全营运和施工的顺利进行;(5)本文根据实际工程进行分析研究,其成果可应用于地铁后续物业开发对已建地铁结构影响问题的处理。     

Research on magnetomechanical coupling effect of Q235 steel member specimens

In this study, magnetomechanical coupling tests were performed on Q235 solid round steel model specimens in NIM-200HF magnetomechanical coupling equipment. Hysteresis loops were obtained in different magnetic fields and stresses. Magnetization curves were also achieved at different stresses. Influence of the applied stresses on the hysteresis loops was investigated. The stress sensitive region and linear stress sensitive region of magnetic induction were determined for the model specimen according to the experimental data. The dependence relation of magnetic induction versus applied stresses was established, and the optimum magnetic field was determined in the stress sensitive range of magnetic induction, which builds a basis for nondestructive testing (NDT) of stress with the total magnetic flux for steel structure. Based on modified Jiles-Atherton??s model of magnetic hysteresis, the hysteresis loop for Q235 steel 4-mm diameter model specimen was numerically simulated, which was well consistent with the experimental results.