Leisure mobility styles in Swiss conurbations: construction and empirical analysis

Leisure travel is the most difficult travel purpose to analyse due to the lack of fixed spatial and temporal referents and the consequent flexibility in patterns. This paper addresses lifestyles, social influence, and the travellers’ social networks, issues that have proved valuable for travel behaviour research in confronting the complexity of leisure travel. An approach for constructing leisure mobility styles, based on orientations towards leisure and mobility, will be presented first and then the hypotheses that transport behaviour can be better explained through analysis of leisure mobility styles will be tested. Multivariate analysis reveals that the leisure mobility style group makes a significant contribution towards clarifying variance for the activities ‘Visiting friends and relatives’, ‘Travel participation’, ‘Mode choice’, and ‘Travel distance for leisure’. The use of leisure mobility styles is most useful for developing practical intervention pointers where the in-group homogeneity of lifestyle should be addressed in greater detail.     

On the Destabilizing Effect of Liquids in Various Vehicles* (part 1)

The unrestrained free surface of a liquid has an alarming propensity to undergo large excursions for even very small motions of the container. This fact may endanger the stability, as well as the riding and maneuvering quality of the vehicle considerably. It is particularly true for fuel- or cargo tanks of automotive vehicles, railroad tank cars, for fuel tanks of large ships and tankers, for which violent sea conditions at times result in fairly large amplitudes of pitching, heaving and rolling, as well as for airplanes and spacevehicles flying through atmospheric disturbances. The response of liquids contained in cargo- or fuel tanks is therefore of quite some concern, especially in those cases where the sloshing liquid masses occupy a large amount of the total mass of the vehicle.

For this reason the theory of liquid motion with a free surface is presented for containers of various geometries. Forces and moments of the liquid exerted upon the vehicle are presented and a simple mechanical model for the representation of the liquid motion is derived. Methods for the reduction of the destabilizing effect of the liquid motion, such as baffles, cross walls and surface coverings are presented and shall exhibit their effectiveness. In addition the interaction of the liquid motion with the elastic structure of the container, as well as the interaction with a controlling system of the vehicle shall be demonstrated. Stability boundaries, design criteria and dynamic responses to disturbances shall be presented for a particular case.     

威悉河隧道掘进工程中泥浆的经济性再生处理

为了保证工作面的安全，并有效运输隧道掘进时挖出的土碴，采用膨润土支护液体，完成任务后的支护液体必须经过处理，分离出来的沙土可以在工地上得到再利用（作为隔音墙和填充料）。从土碴处理和再利用的角度对泥水分离设备进行优化，从而使资源得到了保护，由于膨润土和絮凝剂的消耗最小化，提高了隧道工程的经济性，并减小了对环境的污染。     

西班牙新型高速列车AVE S 103

高速列车AVE S 103是西门子公司以德国第一代ICE 3为基础,为西班牙国营铁路公司开发的新一代高速列车。本文介绍了AVE S 103列车的特点,以及与ICE 3的不同之处,阐述了在更高外界温度环境下,对牵引装置、空调系统、车上供电电源等进行的改进。同时,考虑到西班牙人的不同品位,对不同类型的车辆、多样的旅客娱乐设施,以及总体设计和内部的环境都做了精心设计。