Bike Share: A Synthesis of the Literature

This paper begins by providing an overview of bike share programs, followed by a critical examination of the growing body of literature on these programs. This synthesis of previous works, both peer-reviewed and gray, includes an identification of the current gaps in knowledge related to the impacts of bike sharing programs. This synthesis represents a critically needed evaluation of the current state of global bike share research, in order to better understand, and maximize the effectiveness of current and future programs. Several consistent themes have emerged within the growing body of research on bike share programs. Firstly, the importance bike share members place on convenience and value for money appears paramount in their motivation to sign up and use these programs. Secondly, and somewhat counter intuitively, scheme members are more likely to own and use private bicycles than nonmembers. Thirdly, users demonstrate a greater reluctance to wear helmets than private bicycle riders and helmets have acted as a deterrent in jurisdictions in which helmets are mandatory. Finally, and perhaps most importantly from a sustainable transport perspective, the majority of scheme users are substituting from sustainable modes of transport rather than the car.     

电动自行车交通发展的主要趋势——近10年文献综述

电动自行车是交通市场增长最快的领域之一,2012年总销售量超过3100万辆.相关研究的数量不断上升,鉴于此,对过去蓬勃发展的与电动自行车最相关的主题进行综合分析.将研究重点放在电动自行车交通及需要注意的最关键的研究缺口方面,而非休闲娱乐.中国的电动自行车销量在世界占领先地位,荷兰、德国紧随其后.电动自行车能够以较少能耗保持一定速度,也有研究发现电动自行车能增加自行车使用率.电动自行车有潜力取代传统机动交通方式(内燃式),但在取代传统自行车方面所扮演的角色仍存在争议.电动自行车不仅有益身体健康,并且相同行驶里程下,碳排放水平显著低于小汽车.在某些地区,安全问题上升到政策层面,目前电动自行车的数量已经足以搜集到丰富的安全数据.尽管如此,关于电动自行车的研究目前仍处于萌芽阶段.随着电动自行车数量的不断上升,为了向政策制定者以及整个行业提供必要的数据,相关领域的进一步研究需求也日益增长.