含酚废水处理工艺综述

含酚废水是一种常见的工业废水，本文分别阐述了萃取、SBR、湿式氧化几种典型工艺处理含酚废水的试验情况，归纳出不同含酚废水合适的处理工艺。     

Investigation of tailpipe and evaporative emissions from China IV and Tier 2 passenger vehicles with different gasolines

The limited understanding of vehicular emissions in China, especially evaporative emissions, is one obstacle to establishing tighter standards. To evaluate tailpipe and evaporative emissions, two typical China IV vehicles and one Tier 2 vehicle with an onboard refuelling vapour recovery (ORVR) system were selected and tested. One of the China IV vehicles was fuelled with gasoline, E10 and M15, respectively, to investigate the effect of fuel properties on vehicular emissions. For each vehicle, cold-start tailpipe emission tests were conducted first, followed by an evaporation test. Based on the emission factors and real-world vehicle activity data, the annual tailpipe and evaporative hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of each vehicle were calculated and compared. The results show that E10 and M15 significantly reduced the tailpipe CO and particle number (PN) emissions but seriously aggravated the NOx emissions, especially for M15. The hot soak losses (HSLs) and diurnal breathing losses (DBLs) were slightly impacted by the fuel properties. The annual evaporative emissions with E10 and M15 were higher than that with gasoline. The ORVR system effectively controlled the evaporative emissions, especially for DBLs. Evaporative emissions from the China IV vehicles were 1.1–1.4 times the tailpipe HC emissions. Additionally, the evaporative emission factors of the China IV vehicles were almost 50% lower than the standard (2.0 g/test), whereas their annual evaporative emissions were almost 1.8–2.8 times higher than those from the Tier 2 vehicle. Therefore, controlling evaporative emissions currently remains a great need in China, and the ORVR might be a recommended evaporative control technology.     

牛仔布水洗废水的处理及回用

该文介绍了采用混凝沉淀+生物接触氧化法处理牛仔布水洗废水的处理工艺以及经过深度处理后回用于生产用水的方法,并对其进行了经济分析。     

汽油清净剂性能评价技术的研究

探讨了汽油清净剂对发动机进气阀沉积物 (IVD)、喷油嘴沉积物 (PFID)清净性能的简易评价技术。通过分析和试验研究证实了IVD ,ISD(进气系沉积物 ) ,PFID模拟试验以及燃料氧化反应器试验和润滑油曲轴箱模拟试验用于评定汽油清净剂性能 ,与发动机台架试验结果相关 ,具有较好的区分性、平行性和重复性。     

贵重湿精矿的一次承运实践

以一次承运湿精铜矿和精镍矿的实践,介绍了承运贵重湿精矿时船方为确保安全和防止货损应做的一些工作。     

炼油废水处理过程中生物膜的研究

对影响生物膜内微生物活性的几个因素进行初步探索，并进行了生物接触氧化工艺去除废水中的氨氮和ＣＯＤ的实验研究。     

Parametric study of the main parameters influencing the catalytic efficiency of a diesel oxidation catalyst: Parameters influencing the efficiency of a diesel catalyst

This work studies the impact of five parameters: CO and HC engine-out emissions, space velocity, average value and profile of exhaust temperature, on Diesel CO and HC tail-pipe emissions. The first part of this work is conducted on a reactor and shows that both HC and CO light-off temperature increases with CO and HC input concentration. CO and HC initial concentration influence the adsorption/desorption capacities of HC only at high temperatures. Space velocity also influences CO and HC conversion efficiency. The second part of this work studies the impact of different combinations of HC and CO engine-out emissions on CO and HC conversion and tail-pipe emissions in the case of New European Driving Cycle. This part proposes that a Diesel oxidation catalyst must be mainly studied at the Urban Part of NEDC, as the CO and HC conversions are very high at the extra-urban part of NEDC. CO and HC conversion efficiencies are also dependent on exhaust temperature and catalytic volume. In the case of two different profiles of exhaust temperature with the same average temperature, CO and HC conversion efficiency is lower in the case of the smoother profile.     

Comparison of HC species from diesel combustion modes and characterization of a heat-up doc formulation

This study summarizes engine speed and load effects on HC species emissions from premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) and conventional diesel combustion, and it evaluates diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) formulations on a gas flow reactor for the purpose of diesel particulate filter regeneration or lean NO_x trap desulfation. HC emissions are sampled simultaneously by a Tedlar bag for light HC species and by a Tenax TA™ adsorption trap for semi-volatile HC species, and they are analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The bulk temperature and residence time during combustion are key parameters that are important for understanding the effects of speed and load on engine-out HC emissions. The degree of post-flame oxidation is higher in PCI than in conventional combustion, and it is increased for PCI with a higher speed and load, as indicated by a lower fuel alkanes/THC ratio, a higher alkenes/fuel alkanes ratio, and a higher methane/THC ratio. Ethene and n-undecane are two representative HC species, and they are used as a surrogate mixture in the gas flow reactor to simulate PCI and conventional combustion with in-cylinder post fuel injection. Among the three DOC formulations tested, the catalyst with constituent precious metals of platinum and palladium (PtPd) showed the best light-off performance, followed by PtPd with an addition of cerium dioxide (PtPd+CeO₂), and platinum (Pt), regardless of exhaust compositions. Conventional combustion exhaust composition shows a lower light-off temperature than that of PCI, regardless of catalyst formulation.     

铝质空气螺旋桨综合防腐蚀技术

根据空气螺旋桨在某船上的自身防护特点,通过耐腐蚀、耐磨蚀等各种实验,对空气螺旋桨桨叶表面氧化处理工艺和表面防腐涂层材料进行了筛选。     

青浦第二污水厂运行现状及三期工程设计与运行

青浦污水厂一、二期工程设计规模分别为1.5万m3/d和4.5万m3/d,均采用Carrousel氧化沟工艺,最终出水执行《城市污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级B标准。该文介绍了其工程设计与运行情况。在工程设计中,通过对一、二期工程分析,借鉴了相关工程的设计经验,优化了三期工程工艺设计及运行参数,总结了设计及运行方面的经验,为相关工程提供借鉴与参考。