基于DES监控理论的滑行道对头冲突控制策略

为克服场面开环控制模式难以应对随机事件的缺陷,提出场面运行闭环控制框架.基于DES(离散事件系统)监控理论,研究A-SMGCS(先进机场场面引导与控制系统)滑行道对头冲突控制,建立了面向滑行道物理布局的扩展受控Petri网模型.利用航空器滑行路径序列得到精简滑行模型,并考虑环路和环路链,给出无对头冲突的充分必要条件,提出了滑行道对头冲突避免控制策略以及相应的控制律决策算法.算例仿真试验表明,本文提出的策略能根据场面状态实时识别对头冲突并实现冲突避免.     

一种新的机场地面容量评估模型

空中交通流量剧增，机场容量与空中交通需求的矛盾日益凸出，针对机场地面滑行网络，提出滑行飞机流优化算法，确定飞机经过指定滑行路径上各点的最优时间，避免航班冲突，减少航班延误，将该算法用于机场地面容量评估模型中的飞机流产生模块，结合计算机图形仿真技术开发了机场地面容量评估系统，利用成都双流国际机场的实际航班数据进行仿真计算，得到的容量评估结果验证了该评估模型的可行性和优越性。     

Conflict‐free time‐based trajectory planning for aircraft taxi automation with refined taxiway modeling

To mitigate airport congestion caused by increasing air traffic demand, the trajectory‐based surface operations concept has been proposed to improve surface movement efficiency while maintaining safety. It utilizes decision support tools to provide optimized time‐based trajectories for each aircraft and uses automation systems to guide surface movements and monitor their conformance with assigned trajectories. Whether the time‐based trajectories can be effectively followed so that the expected benefits can be guaranteed depends firstly on whether these trajectories are realistic. So, this paper first deals with the modeling biases of the network model typically used for taxi trajectory planning via refined taxiway modeling. Then it presents a zone control‐based dynamic routing and timing algorithm upon the refined taxiway model to find the shortest time taxi route and timings for an aircraft. Finally, the presented algorithm is integrated with a sequential planning framework to continuously decide taxi routes and timings. Experimental results demonstrate that the solution time for an aircraft can be steadily around a few milliseconds with timely cleaning of expired time windows, showing potential for real‐time decision support applications. The results also show the advantages of the proposed methodology over existing approaches. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

航班离场调度规划算法研究进展

随着我国民航产业的持续高速发展,航空器和航班数量急剧增多,机场航空器离场调度规划问题愈发明显.文中概述了航班离场调度规划算法的研究现状及最新研究进展,分析比较各种调度规划方法的优缺点,针对不同的跑道配置的机场提出相应的离场规划方法,并对该方面研究进行了展望.     

基于时间富余度控制的滑行道调度优化模型

针对机场场面运行中部分航空器剩余滑行时间较短、准时性低的现状,研究滑行道调度优化问题。在构建基于时间富余度控制的滑行道调度优化模型中,优先考虑以剩余滑行时间为主的航空器动态优先级;以我国某大型机场的场面运行数据为基础,采用生物地理学算法进行仿真验证。结果显示：与经典的先到先服务策略相比,航空器到达滑行终点的误差由1499 s降至553 s,降低了63.1%,冲突航空器到达误差从371 s降至147 s,降低了60.3%;在冲突解脱方面,由剩余滑行时间较多的航空器承担更多的冲突等待,有效减少航空器滑行冲突次数,保障后续停机位指派与跑道调度的有效性,大大提高了滑行道的滑行效率。     

Airport apron roundabout – Operational concept and capacity evaluation

The paper presents one of the initial steps in the evaluation process towards possible implementation of an innovative taxiway intersection design at Munich Airport apron. A roundabout is proposed as a potential solution for the 12-line intersection area expected at redesigned Apron 3. Although it is a common solution used in road transport for complex intersections, the roundabout has never previously been used for airport surface operations nor has its possible use been considered or analyzed. The paper presents preliminary design and operations concepts of the apron roundabout, followed by its capacity evaluation under Munich Airport operating conditions. The aim was to analyze whether a roundabout is suitable to replace a conventional intersection, in terms of capacity.     

城际铁路隧道下穿机场滑行道方案探讨

珠三角城际铁路新塘经白云机场至广州北工程花机间隧道下穿广州白云国际机场T3、T4及特种车滑行道。针对穿越工程地层上软下硬、岩溶发育的特点,在不停航的情况下,对盾构法及矿山法穿越方案进行探讨。设计通过超前预注浆加固、高压水平旋喷桩超前支护、长管棚超前支护等措施保证穿越工程的安全。经数值分析,各项指标满足机场方面要求,明确采用矿山法下穿滑行道的可行性,同时建议对先行隧道施工过程中的最大沉降控制值按最终控制标准的80%~90%进行控制。岩溶按"开挖前探明、开挖中发现"进行分类处理。     

机场滑行道下方以NATM排除地锚之潜盾施工案例探讨

桃园国际机场联外捷运CU02A标穿越WC滑行道路段,其潜盾机到达端遭遇二期航厦开挖施工残留之地锚障碍,上下行隧道预期至少遭遇约20条残留地锚,其钢腱将增加潜盾机钻掘之风险及影响滑行道营运,此为潜盾少见遭遇之特殊障碍情况。为将影响滑行道营运风险降至最低,经评估以NATM隧道方式事先去除残留地锚,并于NATM隧道外衬砌施作完成后,再将土方回填,以便潜盾机直接驶入,于既有端墙弃壳,降低潜盾施工风险。遭遇地锚障碍路段,先由局限地面空间施作垂直双环塞止水灌浆及抽水井降水外,并由航厦地下层之既有侧壁破镜后,进行NATM隧道开挖,前已成功穿越滑行道与完工。本文首先介绍本工程方案评估及对策发展思维,接续由施工阶段NATM隧道施工结果,探讨其开挖安全稳定及沉陷管控,最后就潜盾隧道穿越WC滑行道至到达之施工成效进行检讨,以期供工程界参考。     

盾构隧道下穿机场的结构设计与施工沉降控制研究

随着机场为核心的城市综合交通枢纽、机场捷运系统的发展,地下结构下穿机场的工程逐渐增多。现以某机场捷运工程盾构下穿运营飞机滑行道为背景,对盾构隧道下穿机场的重点问题进行研究。通过对飞机荷载的合理等效计算,确定盾构埋深与飞机荷载取值的关系。结合工程实例,对下穿滑行道盾构管片进行受力分析并提出构造措施。研究盾构埋深及地层损失率对机场道面沉降的影响,总结控制盾构沉降的相关措施。