双自由度舵机执行机构冲击载荷的仿真分析

超高速水下航行体航行过程中工况复杂,在加速段速度跨度大,双自由度舵机执行机构承受了较大的瞬态冲击载荷,有必要对其韧性进行分析校核。本文分别建立旋转机构输出轴、减速箱体和展开机构最后一级齿轮副的多刚体动力学仿真模型,分析各机构在冲击载荷下的应力和变形情况,校核结构韧性的可靠性,同时对旋转机构输出轴进行模态分析。仿真与校核结果为机构优化设计提供参考依据。     

Full six degrees of freedom coupled dynamic simulation of ship collision and grounding accidents

By taking advantage of the user-defined load subroutine (loadud) and the user common subroutine (usercomm) in LS-DYNA, the authors proposed a new coupled approach for simultaneously calculating structural damage and the planar 3DOF ship motions in ship collisions. The coupled procedure aimed at predicting the detailed structural damage together with reasonable global ship motions. This paper extends the method to consider the full 6DOF ship motions; thus, ship collision as well as grounding accidents can be properly handled. This method is particularly useful for design purposes because the detailed ship hull profile is not needed.A traditional ship maneuvering model is used for the in-plane surge, sway and yaw degrees of freedom with a series of nondimensional coefficients determined from experiments. It is assumed that the out-of-plane degrees of freedom are not coupled with the in-plane ship motions, and there is no coupling among roll, pitch and heave motions. The implementation is verified through free decay tests, and the obtained natural periods show good agreement with theoretical results.Several collision and grounding cases are simulated in which a supply vessel crashes into rigid plates with different orientations. The effects of the roll motion, the heave and pitch motions and the full 6DOF motions are studied. The results are compared with those from a 6DOF decoupled method. Ship motions through the proposed method compare reasonably well with SIMO results. It is found that several consecutive impacts may occur in the simulation of one collision case due to the periodic motions. This is not taken into account in the decoupled method, which makes this method unconservative.     

一种新型船模水动力性能测试装置研究

目前,国内外的船模水动力性能测试装置均为平面运动机构,使得船舶水动力导数的测量范围有限,而一种新型船模水动力性能测试装置,即六自由度船模水动力性能测试装置可以扩大这一测量范围.从六自由度平台的工作原理,六分力天平量程的确定和测试装置总体设计3个方面来具体研究和设计六自由度船模水动力性能测试装置.首先具体介绍六自由度平台的工作原理,即平台6根运动杆的运动与船舶六自由度运动的对应关系;然后建立船舶六自由度运动所受力和力矩的初步计算公式,以国内外平面运动机构的具体技术性能指标为依据,确定试验装置中的六分力天平的量程;最后确定测验装置的整体设计,设计出现有船池拖车平台的具体形状与尺寸.以此为依据,综合考虑拖车平台的受力情况及拖车架和六自由度平台的安装方式,确定拖车架的具体结构形式与尺寸大小,得到三维示意图、二维安装图与尺寸图,进行结构强度分析.     

波浪中过度加速度的非线性时域预报

国际海事组织(IMO)船舶设计建造分委会(SDC)第4次会议把过度加速度稳性直接评估的制定提上议程。然而,如何准确预报和评估波浪中的过度加速度依然是一个亟待解决的问题。文章针对此挑战,采用三维时域混合源法进行了波浪中过度加速度的直接预报和评估。首先,采用三维时域混合源法,建立了波浪中船舶大幅横摇运动和船体任意位置处横向加速度的非线性时域预报方法;其次,以4000TEU集装箱船为研究对象,开展规则波和不规则波中的大幅运动模型试验,对计算方法进行验证;然后,对比分析了3DOF(垂荡—纵摇—横摇)和4DOF(横荡—垂荡—纵摇—横摇)耦合数学模型的计算精度;最后,分析了船体横向加速度的影响因素。研究表明,考虑横荡影响的4DOF数学模型计算精度较高;数值计算结果和模型试验结果吻合良好,证明文中建立的非线性时域方法可有效预报波浪中的过度加速度,可用于IMO过度加速度衡准的制定,也可为船舶设计提供评估手段。此外,文中还研究了IMO薄弱性衡准草案中中国和德国联合提出的加速度简化计算方法的适用性,证明该简化计算方法具有一定的保守性,符合衡准的要求,可用于过度加速度薄弱性衡准计算。     

基于FCE对近岸岛屿进攻战斗炮兵部署优化研究

战斗部署的内容是决心方案的主体部分,优化战斗部署方案,可提高作战指挥决策的科学性。论文根据战斗部署的定义和战斗部署的要求,建立了近岸岛屿进攻战斗炮兵部署的评价指标体系,并采用层次分析法确定其权重,最后使用模糊综合评价法对战斗部署方案进行评估。     

特殊领域浮码头的趸船建设规范关键技术的研究

由于到目前为止某特殊领域还没有一个统一、合理的浮码头建设规范,参照地方浮码头建设规范,结合某领域船艇的性能和训练的实际情况,对特殊领域的浮码头的趸船主要尺度的确定方法、大小以及趸船的布置等     

Total dynamic response of a PSS vehicle negotiating asymmetric road excitations

A planar suspension system (PSS) is a novel automobile suspension system in which an individual spring–damper strut is implemented in both the vertical and longitudinal directions, respectively. The wheels in a vehicle with such a suspension system can move back and forth relative to the chassis. When a PSS vehicle experiences asymmetric road excitations, the relative longitudinal motion of wheels with respect to the chassis in two sides of the same axle are not identical, and thus the two wheels at one axle will not be aligned in the same axis. The total dynamic responses, including those of the bounce, pitch and the roll of the PSS vehicle, to the asymmetric road excitation may exhibit different characteristics from those of a conventional vehicle. This paper presents an investigation into the comprehensive dynamic behaviour of a vehicle with the PSS, in such a road condition, on both the straight and curved roads. The study was carried out using an 18 DOF full-car model incorporating a radial-spring tyre–ground contact model and a 2D tyre–ground dynamic friction model. Results demonstrate that the total dynamic behaviour of a PSS vehicle is generally comparable with that of the conventional vehicle, while PSS exhibits significant improvement in absorbing the impact forces along the longitudinal direction when compared to the conventional suspension system. The PSS vehicle is found to be more stable than the conventional vehicle in terms of the directional performance against the disturbance of the road potholes on a straight line manoeuvre, while exhibiting a very similar handling performance on a curved line.     

航渡中反潜直升机的配置

水面舰艇编队航渡时,针对潜艇威胁,通常利用反潜直升机隐蔽、迅速的优势,将其配置在某一区域实施警戒,以达到对潜防御的目的。本文基于潜艇的威胁方向,分别对编队前方、侧翼以及综合前方和侧翼,探讨了反潜直升机警戒线的配置方法。在确定反潜直升机使用吊放声呐搜索方法的基础上,采用自同步思想,对反潜直升机警戒线的配置参数给出了定量描述。得出的结论实用、可行,为制定对潜防御方案提供了参考依据。     

试论汤翁晚期剧作的曲调性格

汤翁晚期剧作《南柯记》和《邯郸记》的曲牌唱腔设计中,多借用北曲铿锵之音为主腔,表达出愤慨的音乐主题意义,特别是在开篇的唱腔设计上表现出一种固定的主腔模式,即以宋词豪放派常用的词牌作为自报家门,再以南正宫引子与仙吕入双调的套数结构为序曲,继而过曲插入北曲唱腔以形成铿锵震荡的音乐效果,从而表现出音乐情绪的激宕变化.     

电湛高速公路路面工程机械化施工拌和机配置方案分析

笔者着重从经济观点着手 ,结合本公司承建的电湛公路路面工程特点 ,对该路面工程所应使用拌和机的三个方案配置进行分析 ,以技术性能匹配、使用经济合理性为目标 ,讨论了选择拌和机应遵循的原则和方法 .其结论可供类似工程参考