Competing Visions for Marine Tenure and Co-Management: Genesis of a Marine Management Area System in Chile

Chile has been attempting to establish a Management Area (MA) system that melds the use of marine protected areas with marine tenure. The process has brought to the fore the competing interests of various user groups: artisanal fishermen, marine science professionals, government managers, tourist developers, and the Navy. We explore the core relationships among fishermen and the ecologists and biologists whose work is essential for establishing and maintaining a MA. The MA system's creation and implementation raise the key question of whether a marine tenure system can work under the conditions imposed by the Chilean government. There is a need to recognize and reconcile contradictions in a government management model that strives simultaneously to be a conservation zone and a financially profitable co-management zone. This article examines the MA management system's fault lines in the context of Chile's political economy, and the intimate interaction of management with fishermen's cultural survival strategies.     

厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜对全球,中国气候及对航海的影响

本文用海气相互作用简述了厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件的成因,浅析了厄尔尼诺（ＥＬＮｉｎｏ）和拉尼娜（Ｌａ Ｎｉｎａ）事件对全球、中国气候及对航海的影响     

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在混凝土中掺入适量的杜拉纤维(DFRC)能有效改善混凝土材料的物理性能,提高混凝土耐久性。通过对杜拉纤维混凝土配合比试验和工程实践证明,在混凝土中掺加杜拉纤维后,可以减少混凝土的裂缝,而且有效提高抗冲能力。     

汽车仪表照明技术

主要介绍国内目前的汽车仪表照明技术,分别从表盘照明、指针照明、液晶照明等几个方面予以说明。     

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