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Xinkai WuHenry X. Liu 《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》2011,45(10):1768-1786
In this paper a new traffic flow model for congested arterial networks, named shockwave profile model (SPM), is presented. Taking advantage of the fact that traffic states within a congested link can be simplified as free-flow, saturated, and jammed conditions, SPM simulates traffic dynamics by analytically deriving the trajectories of four major shockwaves: queuing, discharge, departure, and compression waves. Unlike conventional macroscopic models, in which space is often discretized into small cells for numerical solutions, SPM treats each homogeneous road segment with constant capacity as a section; and the queuing dynamics within each section are described by tracing the shockwave fronts. SPM is particularly suitable for simulating traffic flow on congested signalized arterials especially with queue spillover problems, where the steady-state periodic pattern of queue build-up and dissipation process may break down. Depending on when and where spillover occurs along a signalized arterial, a large number of queuing patterns may be possible. Therefore it becomes difficult to apply the conventional approach directly to track shockwave fronts. To overcome this difficulty, a novel approach is proposed as part of the SPM, in which queue spillover is treated as either extending a red phase or creating new smaller cycles, so that the analytical solutions for tracing the shockwave fronts can be easily applied. Since only the essential features of arterial traffic flow, i.e., queue build-up and dissipation, are considered, SPM significantly reduces the computational load and improves the numerical efficiency. We further validated SPM using real-world traffic signal data collected from a major arterial in the Twin Cities. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the model. We expect that in the future this model can be applied in a number of real-time applications such as arterial performance prediction and signal optimization. 相似文献
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秦皇岛32-6油田是一个边际油田,位于中国渤海湾,油田1995年被发现,2001年6月投产。为了总结经验、吸取教训,中海石油研究中心于2004年专门成立项目组,开展了对秦皇岛32-6油田的回访与后评估工作。介绍了工程设施的回访情况,包括FPSO重质原油处理系统的设计,大功率往复式原油发电机组的选型等成功的设计;也包括设计中需要改进的地方,诸如无人平台的设计、井口区布置、FPSO总体布置存在的问题等。 相似文献
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在分析研究单点系泊系统的主要形式、特点和适用范围的基础上,选取了软刚臂单点系泊系统作为的"海洋石油113"新单点系泊系统,针对其设计中遇到的难题,进行了深入研究,归纳总结了极浅水海域单点系泊系统的设计时所重点关注的设计基础、低频波浪力、触底和上浪等关键问题,为今后极浅水单点系泊系统设计提供一点借鉴经验。 相似文献
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浮体系泊系统在海洋工程水池进行模型试验时,由于水池尺度有限,首先对系泊线进行等效截断设计,是被动式混合模型试验的重要一步。截断设计时,基于细长杆理论,模拟系泊线的非线性动力特性,将计算所得时域内的系泊力转换到频域响应,选择有代表性的频率及响应建立目标函数,结合NSGA II优化算法,确定最优截断系泊参数,计算快速准确。针对一作业水深420m的FPSO单点系泊系统,进行水平截断设计。截断前后系泊系统和单根系泊线的静力特性吻合很好。截断系泊系统在不同环境载荷作用下的总体响应和系泊动力,都与截断前一致。证明了截断设计的合理性和准确性,为后续的模型试验工作打下了基础。 相似文献
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航道疏浚中悬浮泥沙对海水水质和海洋生物影响的数值研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
航道疏浚产生的高浓度悬浮泥沙,对海域环境的影响不能忽视,建立二维悬浮物运输数学模型,模型考虑了不同潮流作用下悬浮物的运输。采用盘锦港海港区海流现场的观测数据对水动力模型进行验证,模拟值与实测值吻合较好。以盘锦港航道工程为例,预测疏浚作业在最不利情况下,悬浮泥沙对海水水质、环境敏感区的影响程度和范围,为环境影响评价提供科学依据。 相似文献
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