水泥混凝土路面翘曲脱空与面板破坏原因分析

文章针对广西近年来水泥混凝土路面翘曲脱空与面板破坏的情况，分析产生病害的原因，介绍采用有限元程序对翘曲脱空后的路面在荷载作用下的受力进行计算的方法，对翘曲脱空后的路面寿命进行预估，同时提出翘曲脱空的防治对策。     

集装箱船船体强度校核方法

集装箱船由于其大开口结构，在进行船体强度校核时必须考虑扭转产生的翘曲应力。本文以ＫＯＴＡ ＩＮＤＡＨ／ＩＮＴＡＨ集装箱船为例，通过建立三维有限元模型，应用规范和有限元相结合的方法对船体弯曲应力和翘曲应力进行了计算，并以规划标准进行了判别。     

单元双块式无砟轨道道床板温度翘曲变形的影响研究

单元双块式无砟轨道中的道床板在温度梯度作用下会产生翘曲变形,可能对轨道几何形位产生不利影响,从而危害行车安全。采用有限元方法建立单元双块式无砟轨道计算模型,探索温度梯度作用下道床板的翘曲变形规律及其对轨道几何形位的影响。结果表明:在正温度梯度作用下,道床板的翘曲变形较大,可能危害高速行车安全,需采取措施进行控制;而在负温度梯度作用下,道床板的温度翘曲变形较小,可忽略。     

集装箱船扭转强度和加强方式研究

介绍约束扭转计算原理,分析集装箱船的结构和受力特点,利用MSC/Nastran软件探讨了集装箱船的扭转强度计算方法。在现有结构形式的基础上,提出几种可能提高结构扭转强度的结构加强方案,通过有限元分析比较各方案对于增加同样重量的钢料船体结构中翘曲应力变化情况,比对抗扭效果,研究在考虑成本基础上提高集装箱船抗扭强度的加强方案优先顺序,结果显示对于支线型集装箱船增加舱口围厚度可更有效提高其抗扭强度。     

基于动态时间弯曲的多模板匹配车型分类

针对环形感应线圈采集数据的特点,讨论一种基于动态时间弯曲(DTW)算法的车型分类新方法。由于采样波形与车速、车辆自身结构以及其通过线圈时的相对位置有关,导致实际同类车辆波形存在伸长、压缩,甚至波形残缺不全或局部振荡等复杂情况。为此,本方法首先对样本数据进行降噪滤波,补齐不完整信号等预处理;熟后结合DTW方法和最优聚类分析原理选取同类车型的多个模板,综合考虑误纳与误拒情况,可降低单模板匹配存在的误拒率;最后利用DTW算法和多个分类区分度指标进行多模板匹配,得出分类结论。论文仿真部分以一类车型为例,分析了本文方法与其他方法比较存在的优势。     

A pattern recognition algorithm for assessing trajectory completeness

Vehicular trajectories are widely used for car-following (CF) model calibration and validation, as they embody characteristics of individual driving behaviour (each trajectory reflects an individual driver). Previous studies have highlighted that the trajectories should contain all the major vehicular interactions (driving regimes) between the leader and the follower for reliable CF model calibration and validation. Based on Dynamic Time Warping and Bottom-Up algorithms, this paper develops a pattern recognition algorithm for vehicle trajectories (PRAVT) to objectively, accurately, and automatically differentiate different driving regimes in a trajectory and then select the most complete trajectories (i.e. trajectories containing a maximum number of regimes). PRAVT is rigorously tested using synthetic data and then applied to the NGSIM data. We have observed that the NGSIM data are dominated by the trajectories which contain only three regimes, namely acceleration, deceleration, and following, 77% of the trajectories lack the standstill regime, and no trajectory in the NGSIM data is complete. These findings’ impact on how to properly utilize NGSIM data can be profound. Given the extensive use of the NGSIM data in the traffic flow community, this paper also provides insights about the types of regimes contained in each trajectory of the NGSIM data.     

约束扭转对汽车车架模态的影响

本文通过三种典型车架模态的实验和计算研究,探讨了约束扭转对汽车车架各阶模态的影响。结果表明:约束扭转对扭转模态影响较大,在研究开口薄壁结构的车架模态时,必需考虑约束扭转的影响,一阶扭转模态对横梁刚度的变化十分敏感。     

不同基层类型水泥混凝土路面温度翘曲脱空研究

结合国内相关标准,文章提出了水泥混凝土路面板翘曲脱空检测方法及判定标准,采用以FWD 24 h连续检测后板角板中弯沉值的方法,对广西地区不同基层水泥混凝土路面进行了脱空检测,对比分析了其各自特点和使用性能之间的差异,以及翘曲脱空现象和成因。同时提出了不同基层水泥混凝土路面脱空检测的要求及合理检测时机。     

Method for investigating intradriver heterogeneity using vehicle trajectory data: A Dynamic Time Warping approach

After first extending Newell’s car-following model to incorporate time-dependent parameters, this paper describes the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm and its application for calibrating this microscopic simulation model by synthesizing driver trajectory data. Using the unique capabilities of the DTW algorithm, this paper attempts to examine driver heterogeneity in car-following behavior, as well as the driver’s heterogeneous situation-dependent behavior within a trip, based on the calibrated time-varying response times and critical jam spacing. The standard DTW algorithm is enhanced to address a number of estimation challenges in this specific application, and a numerical experiment is presented with vehicle trajectory data extracted from the Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) project for demonstration purposes. The DTW algorithm is shown to be a reasonable method for processing large vehicle trajectory datasets, but requires significant data reduction to produce reasonable results when working with high resolution vehicle trajectory data. Additionally, singularities present an interesting match solution set to potentially help identify changing driver behavior; however, they must be avoided to reduce analysis complexity.     

Experimental and numerical investigations of the ultimate torsional strength of an ultra large container ship

Structures of ultra large container ships (ULCS) are characterized by large deck openings and low torsional rigidity. It is essential to comprehensively figure out their collapse behaviors under pure torsion with both model experiments and numerical simulations, making an evaluation of their ultimate torsional strength. In this paper, a similar scale model of a 10,000TEU container ship has been designed and manufactured first, in which both geometric similarity and strength similarity are taken into account. Next the collapse behaviors of the test model are detailedly illustrated with both experimentally and numerically obtained results. Then discussions on warping or shear buckling deformations involved in the collapse process of the structure are conducted with extended numerical simulations. Finally, the ultimate torsional strength of the true ship is evaluated according to the similarity theory. Results show that it is the yielding and shear buckling of the side shells that causes the failure of the hull girder under pure torsion. Further nonlinear finite element analysis demonstrates that it may either have warping or shear buckling deformations in the torsional collapse process of the hull girder with a large deck opening, depending on the local rigidity distribution of side shells, which has a significant effect on the ultimate torsional strength of the hull girder.