京杭运河穿黄及黄河北航道走向探析

近年来,京杭运河黄河以北段复航呼声越来越高,京杭运河穿黄及黄河北山东段走向成为目前需要迫切解决的问题。本文通过对东平湖周边防洪工程现状分析,提出了穿黄位置、穿黄方案及穿黄线路走向;根据黄河北河系水网布置,提出了京杭运河黄河北山东段航道初步走向,为京杭运河黄河以北段复航工程提供技术参考。     

Online channel strategies under different offline channel power structures for the Belt and Road of China

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the online channel strategies adopted by Chinese manufacturers with regard to the Belt and Road. It also investigates the effect of offline channel power structures and maritime transportation costs on online channel mode selection and pricing strategies. The offline channel power structures are classified into three types, namely, Chinese manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) structure, vertical Nash (VN) structure, and foreign retailer Stackelberg (RS) structure. Furthermore, a game model is developed among the Chinese manufacturer, foreign retailer, and cross-border e-tailer to investigate the interactions among offline channel power structures, maritime transportation costs, and Chinese manufacturers’ online channel mode selection. The results show that Chinese manufacturers’ preferences for the online agency selling mode increases correspondingly with the decrease in their market position and bargaining power. Moreover, foreign retailers can obtain higher profits in the online agency selling mode under the VN structure. However, the level of profit for foreign retailers depends on the intensity of their competition with cross-border e-tailers under the MS and RS structures. Finally, consumers in countries along the Belt and Road can obtain a higher surplus in the online agency selling mode under all of the structures.     

Critical review of handling diagram and understeer gradient for vehicles with locked differential

The steady-state cornering behaviour of rear-wheel drive vehicles fitted with locked differential is critically analysed by means of simple, albeit carefully formulated, vehicle models, which allow for a rigorous theoretical analysis. Results obtained for some classical manoeuvres, with either constant forward speed, steer angle or turning radius, clearly show that, in the case of locked differential, the vehicle cornering behaviour is strongly affected by the manoeuvre. As an important consequence, the handling diagram is not unique and the understeer gradient is no longer dependent only upon the lateral acceleration, as in vehicles equipped with an open differential. Accordingly, this study shows that some typical tools and concepts of vehicle dynamics are indeed inadequate in the case of locked differential.     

三峡工程下游引航道通航水流条件试验

三峡工程枢纽泄洪产生水面波动和船闸泄水产生非恒定流,对下游引航道通航条件,尤其是对升船机的运行构成影响。泄洪在口门区及连接段产生的斜流对通航的影响很大,采用斜流的特征值并结合船模航行的斜流效应特征值,有效地分析了口门区及连接段的通航水流条件。采取修改航线措施对改善斜流影响有一定的效果。     

江淮气旋大风预报研究

江淮气旋大风预报研究的结果表明：气旋大风的预报实际上就是冷空气南下造成地面加压与气旋东移造成地面降压，这两个因素所造成气压梯度发展变化地以预报。还介绍用天气学原理建立的大风预报模式，以及用数理统计方法判别有无强风的预报，经过历史拟合和试报，在预报气旋大风中有一定的准确性。     

温州乐清湾港区试挖槽监测分析

乐清湾避风条件好,潮流动力强,含沙量小,具有较好的建港条件。介绍了乐清湾试挖槽情况,对试挖槽进行了监测分析,指出数据分析表明试挖槽基本处于冲淤阶段,乐清湾港池开挖实行浅水深用的开发方案是可行的。     

带中间渠道船闸运转方式的试验研究

带中间渠道的分散梯级船闸是高坝通航建筑物的布置型式之一,它具有调度灵活、通过能力大等特点。但其上下级船闸采用不同运转方式时,所产生的非恒定流水流条件十分复杂,严重时将影响船舶(队)停泊和航行条件,还会对船闸运转及人字闸门产生不利影响。通过1:40的水工概化模型试验,对断面为规则的矩形中间渠道进行了上下级船闸单独、同时与错时灌泄水3种运转方式渠道内的水力特性研究,否定了船闸同时运转方式;对渠长2 000 m和1 400 m在特定条件下的船闸错时运转方式,找出了最佳错开时间;对3种运转方式的水力要素进行综合对比后,最终推荐采用先泄后灌运转方式。     

长江干线航道条件与船舶定线制问题分析与研究

通过分析长江干线已实施船舶定线制的特点,分析船舶定线制的一般形式与通航条件,提出了长江干线船舶定线制的航道尺度计算方法和水流条件指标,并结合航道条件,提出了长江干线其他未实施船舶定线制河段的定线制形式,为进一步完善内河船舶定线制提供了一种方法和思路。     

基于电子化指挥系统的无线通信的建模与仿真

首先论述了导弹旅电子化指挥系统中无线通信的重要性以及无线通信仿真的必要性，给出了几种典型的无线通信的模型，提出了一种信道仿真实现方法。     

活塞风作用下地铁车站站厅火灾烟气流动特性的数值模拟研究

以开敞式地铁车站为例,将列车、隧道、站厅层和站台层均简化为长方体并建立车站三维模型;利用流体动力学软件Fluent,采用压力基求解器和SIMPLIC算法,研究活塞风作用下站厅火灾的烟气流动特性,并分析增设迂回风道和竖井对于削弱活塞风影响的效果.结果表明:站厅层空气流场结构在活塞风的作用下将会发生复杂的变化;站厅火灾发生后,在机械排烟、热浮力以及活塞风的共同作用下,站厅烟气分层现象遭到破坏;各楼梯口处气流速率变化剧烈,气流方向多次改变,并导致站厅层烟气被吸入站台层;增设迂回风道和竖井能够有效地削弱活塞风对起火站厅层烟气分层现象的破坏,延缓烟气侵入站台层的时间,减少侵入站台层的烟气量.