高速铁路轨道板沉降与水平偏位机械复位技术

高速铁路的安全运行对轨道的线性要求十分严格,但随着我国高速铁路的大量建设,轨道板沉降现象时有发生。结合郑徐高铁某段路基沉降与水平偏移工程,简单分析位移偏差原因,提出并设计针对高铁无砟轨道板沉降和水平偏位的机械式双向偏位复位体系,体系包括由底座、提升分配梁、提升吊杆、顶升千斤顶组成的竖向提升体系和水平反力支座、水平复位千斤顶组成的水平复位体系两部分。介绍工程中的复位控制单元划分方案和同步位移控制方案,单元划分方案中采用单元重叠、二次加载方法解决了单元相交部位受力影响的难题;位移同步控制采用PLC自动位移同步控制系统。给出该体系实施过程中吊杆提升力、吊杆锚固部位底板冲切承载力、横梁支承部位轨道板局部受压的计算方法,方案在郑徐高铁工程中成功实施,为铁路轨道板偏移复位提供新的技术思路。     

The potential mitigation of CO2 emissions via modal substitution of high-speed rail for short-haul air travel from a life cycle perspective – An Australian case study

The objective of this study is to provide a strategic evaluation of the mitigation of CO₂ emissions via modal substitution of high-speed rail for short-haul air travel on the Sydney–Melbourne, Australia city-pair from a life cycle perspective. It has been demonstrated that when considering CO₂ emissions from vehicle operations, the modal shift from air to high-speed rail on this city-pair has the potential to provide a means of CO₂ mitigation. However, uncertainty exists with regard to the level of mitigation potential when considering the whole-of-life performance of the systems. Given the significant difference in the infrastructure requirements between the air mode and the high-speed rail mode, this study quantifies the life cycle CO₂ load attributable to each system and examines the effect on CO₂ mitigation potential. The study concluded that while the inclusion of the linehaul infrastructure did increase the CO₂ load associated with high-speed rail mode, it did not equate to or exceed the CO₂ load per trip as experienced by the air mode. The avoided annual life cycle CO₂ emission in the target year 2056 was 0.37 Mt representing an 18% reduction when compared to the air mode only on the city pair. In fact, the scenario comparison indicated that the substitution of high-speed rail for short-haul air travel on the city pair resulted in CO₂ emissions avoidance throughout the longitudinal period.     

变邻域搜索求解公共交通乘务调度问题

公共交通乘务调度问题是一个将车辆工作切分为一组合法班次的过程,它是NP难问题,许多求解方法的效率都与班次评价密不可分,本文通过裁剪TOPSIS方法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)设计了TOPSIS班次评价方法.此外,通过裁剪变邻域搜索算法使之适合求解乘务调度问题,提出了基于变邻域搜索的乘务调度方法(Crew Scheduling Approach Based on Variable Neighbourhood Search,VNS),其中,并入了TOPSIS班次评价方法在调度过程中进行班次评价,设计了两种带概率的复合邻域结构以增加搜索的多样性,帮助跳出局部最优,在VNS中利用模拟退火算法进行局部搜索.利用中国公共交通中的11组实例进行了测试,测试结果表明,VNS优于两种新近提出的乘务调度方法,且其结果关于班次数接近于下界.     

液压式盾构/TBM主机平移-空推集成装置的研制

研究目的:目前,隧道掘进机平移与空推工艺多采用不同装置分步完成,装置安装耗时费力,严重影响项目施工进程,且国内外没有可同时解决掘进机主机平移和空推的工法或装置。本文研制了一种基于液压的盾构/TBM主机平移-空推集成装置,将平移与空推工序合一,可极大提高工程施工效率,实现荷载600 t盾构/TBM主机连续移位。研究结论:(1)利用液压力驱动液压马达实现装置移位和驱动轮90°转向,实现了平移与空推工艺集成;(2)多轮系和从动轮碟簧设计可优化载荷分布,从动轮选用自润滑推力关节轴承使装置可适应一定倾斜度和不平度,提升装置运行平稳性;(3) 600 t荷载下,利用聚氨酯包敷于钢轮外的复合轮设计减小了轮系与地面接触应力,降低地面要求;(4) ANSYS仿真分析表明承载台架满足强度要求;(5)目前该装置已成功应用于青岛地铁8号线项目,缩短工期20 d,填补了国内外技术空白,应用前景广阔。     

无线调车机车信号和监控系统实际应用中无线通信解决方案研究

在配有无线调车机车信号和监控系统(STP)的铁路车站,如果站场存在高建筑物、山体、多隧道、特长隧道等特殊情况,会使车地无线通信出现信号弱或者无信号现象。针对这些特殊站场情况,给出几种无线通信解决方案,并在实际工程项目中有效地解决信号弱或者无信号问题。     

彩色多普勒超声在动态监测移植肝及其并发症中的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中的应用价值。方法回顾我中心107例原位肝移植术后应用彩色多普勒超声资料,汇总后行统计学分析。结果肝移植术后早期门脉流速较正常对照组升高,而肝动脉流速降低,后逐渐恢复正常。107例中发现肝动脉血栓形成2例(1.87%),肝动脉狭窄5例(4.67%),门脉血栓形成3例(2.80%),肿瘤复发7例(6.54%),诊断为急性排斥反应18例次(16.82%),慢性排斥反应10例次(9.34%),胸腔积液105例(98.13%),腹腔积液65例(60.74%),假性动脉瘤1例,胰漏1例,胆道感染4例(3.74%),胆道狭窄4例(3.74%),胆漏5例(4.67%),胆总管结石1例。结论彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中具有重要的临床意义。     

双Y移30° PMSM串联系统独立解耦控制

双Y移30?永磁同步电机(PMSM)双电机串联系统是一种新型的多电机传动系统,其中电机1运行在?-?平面上,电机2运行在x-y平面上。本文研究了该串联系统一种新的串联方式,通过坐标变换建立起两台六相永磁同步电机串联驱动系统的数学模型,用数学方法证明了该系统的可行性,并进行了仿真验证。     

海工产品拖拉滑移装置设计

为解决海工产品移位的难题,对海工产品的拖拉滑移技术进行研究,提出了一种拖拉滑移装置。该装置将定滑轮组集成于专用滑块上,即可进行海工产品的拖拉滑移作业。实际应用效果较好。     

多普勒声学全向信标信号源设计

针对多普勒声学全向信标信号产生的需求,设计了一个多通道的非线性调频信号源,产生多路同步非线性调频。阐述了多普勒声学全向信标的原理,并以此提出信号源设计的需求。采用AD9954特有的RAM模式,产生了多路同步正弦调频信号发生器,给出了部分硬件和软件设计说明。经过湖上试验证明,所设计的信号源达到了系统要求,性能良好。     

Observer-based clutch disengagement control during gear shift process of automated manual transmission

A clutch disengagement strategy is proposed for the shift control of automated manual transmissions. The control strategy is based on a drive shaft torque observer. With the estimated drive shaft torque, the clutch can be disengaged as fast as possible without large driveline oscillations, which contributes to the reduction of total shift time and shift shock. The proposed control strategy is tested on a complete powertrain simulation model. It is verified that the system is robust to the variations of driving conditions, such as vehicle mass and road grade. It is also demonstrated that the revised system with switched gain can provide satisfactory performance even under large estimation error of the engine torque.