The Movingo integrated ticket: seamless connections across the mälardalen region of Sweden

ABSTRACT

The need for improved public transport (PT) ticketing in ever-growing deregulated PT markets has made well-designed integrated ticketing systems a priority area of intervention for PT service providers around the world. Yet, very little practical evidence of its impacts are reported in Sweden and in the world at large. The focus of this study was the impacts of the Movingo integrated ticketing scheme in terms of PT patronage, user satisfaction and the perceived quality of the ticketing set-up. Three travel surveys were conducted along the Stockholm-Uppsala route. Methods including logistic regression and correlated t-tests were used to analyse the samples. The findings suggest that the scheme made rail commuting more attractive resulting in an overall increase of about 24% in ticket sales with 3% – 15% car commuters reporting that they patronised PT services after the project. The scheme also resulted in increased rail commuter satisfaction. The overall perceived quality of the ticketing set-up did not however improve due to interoperability challenges. Service providers’ uncertainty about equitable distribution of revenue among the participating service providers, interoperability challenges and the lack of interest among most of the participating service providers to sell Movingo tickets are some issues to be addressed.     

基于BIM技术的测绘要素集成和模型共享方法研究

针对航道BIM设计过程中测绘要素集成和模型共享等方面存在的问题,提出一种基于BIM技术的测绘要素集成,及基于专用中间文件格式和公共数据模型格式实现测量BIM模型共享的方法。通过工程案例分析,阐述BIM技术在测绘要素集成及测量BIM模型传递共享的技术路线,结果表明基于BIM技术的测绘要素集成及模型共享具有优越性,研究成果可为开展测绘BIM工作提供借鉴。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

GPS动态定位中自适应卡尔曼滤波模型的建立及其算法研究

采用描述机动载体运动的“当前”统计模型，建立了一种新的ＧＰＳ动态定位自适应卡尔曼滤波模型。为了进一步提高滤波器的动态性能，提出一种改进的自适应滤波算法，大大提高了ＧＰＳ动态定位卡尔曼滤波器的跟踪能力，改善了滤波效果。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

两次定位法船体总段大合拢

对中小型船舶建造中常用的船体总段大合拢方法,包括合拢前的工艺准备、合拢的工艺过程、防变形手段和质量控制以及环形焊缝的焊接等作了全面论述,提出在大接头焊接缝加马板;加放焊缝横向收缩补偿量等控制变形的具体措施。     

CMOS集成电路功耗分析及其优化方法

电子产品功耗的大小不仅限制了便携设备电池使用时间，也在一定程度上影响着设备性能。研究降低功耗的电路设计技术意义重大。CMOS集成电路功耗的物理来源主要有两种：由于CMOS管工作状态变化而引起的动态功耗和由于漏电流而产生的静态功耗。针对决定功耗大小的具体因素，从制造工艺和具体设计角度，讨论了几种降低CMOS集成电路功耗技术。     

编组站综合集成自动化系统实施过程中几个问题的探讨

本文介绍了成都北站综合自动化实施过程中遇到的道岔过电流保护设计、微机监测传输、尾部停车器逻辑设计和站场维修电话解决方案的实施经验和建议。     

集成电路在线功能测试技术研究

提出集成电路在线功能测试中存在的一些问题并给出了相应的技术解决方案,其中包含了模拟集成电路数字化技术、分时分模块测试技术、隔离技术。这些技术涉及到测试程序的改进技术以及被测对象的特殊处理技术。     

单频GPS进行高精度线路测量和有轨车辆定位的有效方法

轨道线路测量和有轨车辆的定位常采用GPS定位技术。利用GPS单频接收机实现高精度快速定位的关键是提高GPS单频相位模糊度解算的效率和成功率。基于轨道线路垂直方向变化不大和有轨车辆沿一定线路行驶的特点,提出一种有效的单频相位模糊度解算方法。对GPS单频接收机提供的定位观测值进行粗差探测、修正和剔除等数据预处理,用低噪声和低多路径效应的载波相位观测值对码伪距观测值进行平滑处理,再用附加约束的方法估计双差模糊度实数解,以此为基础进行模糊度搜索固定。算例显示,该方法可提高模糊度实数解估计的精度和可靠性,缩小模糊度的搜索空间,使模糊度解算效率和成功率得到提高,有利于单频GPS接收机在高精度的线路测量和有轨车辆的定位中得到更广泛的应用。     

现代船舶动力定位系统设计

围绕现代动力定位系统的设计问题,讨论系统的构建、数学建模、控制器设计和推力器的推力分配,重点给出了基于扩展Kalman滤波的动力定位LQG控制器设计算法。