高桩码头纵梁维修加固方法及对比

20世纪70～80年代修建的高桩码头由于长期处于氯盐侵蚀的环境中,码头浪溅区梁板钢筋容易发生锈蚀膨胀,进而引起混凝土纵向开裂、脱落。为保证码头结构安全需要对此类型的梁进行维修加固,基于实际码头维修加固工程对加大梁截面和粘贴碳纤维布两种维修加固方法进行介绍,从应用范围、施工效率、质量及成本4个方面对两种方法进行对比分析。结果表明,加大截面法比粘贴碳纤维布法的适用范围更广泛,但在施工效率、成本、施工难易及质量可控性等方面,粘贴碳纤维布法具有明显优势。     

62310轴承故障的应对方法

以DK16A地铁电动车辆牵引电机62310轴承故障为例,分析了故障成因,并对相应的措施进行了论述。     

Fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon in three estuarine systems of the Cantabrian Sea (north of Spain)

The diffusive and in situ fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) have been measured and an estimation has been made of the water–atmosphere fluxes of CO₂ in three estuarine systems of the Cantabrian Sea during the spring of 1998. Each of these systems undergoes a different anthropogenic influence. The diffusive fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity obtained present values ranging between 0.54–2.65 and 0.0–2.4 mmol m⁻² day⁻¹, respectively. These ranges are in agreement with those of other coastal systems. The in situ fluxes are high and extremely variable (35–284 mmol TA m⁻² day⁻¹, 43–554 mmol DIC m⁻² day⁻¹ and 22–261 mmol dissolved oxygen (DO) m⁻² day⁻¹), because the systems studied are very heterogeneous. The values of the ratio of the in situ fluxes of TA and DIC show on average that the rate of dissolution of CaCO₃ is 0.37 times that of organic carbon oxidation. Equally, the interval of variation of the relationship between the benthic fluxes of inorganic carbon and oxygen (F_DIC/F_DO) is very wide (0.3–13.9), which demonstrates the different contributions made by the processes of aerobic and anaerobic degradation of the organic matter, as well as by the dissolution–precipitation of CaCO₃. The water–atmosphere fluxes of CO₂ present a clear dependence on the salinity. The brackish water of these systems (salinity<20), where maximum fluxes of 989 mmol m⁻² day⁻¹ have been estimated, act as a source of CO₂ to the atmosphere. The more saline zones of the estuary (salinity>30) act as a sink of CO₂, with fluxes between −5 and −10 mmol m⁻² day⁻¹.     

外加电流阴极保护技术在天津港滚装码头预制梁中的应用

外加电流阴极防护是钢筋混凝土结构防腐蚀的主要技术手段之一。文章结合外加电流阴极保护技术在天津港滚装码头预制梁工程中的实际应用,介绍了外加电流阴极保护的原理和保护效果,是国内工程中的首次应用,将为我国今后外加电流阴极防护技术的发展和进步提供重要的参考和借鉴。     

生活小区管道直饮水的工艺及经济分析

分析了生活小区管道直饮水的净水工艺,对工艺流程各单元的原理和作用进行了阐述,并进行了经济分析,和桶装直饮水比较,管道直饮水的价格较低,表明生活小区管道直饮水系统有较大的发展空间。     

Organic carbon budget for the Gulf of Bothnia

We calculated input of organic carbon to the unproductive, brackish water basin of the Gulf of Bothnia from rivers, point sources and the atmosphere. We also calculated the net exchange of organic carbon between the Gulf of Bothnia and the adjacent marine system, the Baltic Proper. We compared the input with sinks for organic carbon; permanent incorporation in sediments and mineralization and subsequent evasion of CO₂ to the atmosphere. The major fluxes were riverine input (1500 Gg C year^− 1), exchange with the Baltic Proper (depending on which of several possible DOC concentration differences between the basins that was used in the calculation, the flux varied between an outflow of 466 and an input of 950 Gg C year^− 1), sediment burial (1100 Gg C year^− 1) and evasion to the atmosphere (3610 Gg C year^− 1). The largest single net flux was the emission of CO₂ to the atmosphere, mainly caused by bacterial mineralization of organic carbon. Input and output did not match in our budget which we ascribe uncertainties in the calculation of the exchange of organic carbon between the Gulf of Bothnia and the Baltic Proper, and the fact that CO₂ emission, which in our calculation represented 1 year (2002) may have been overestimated in comparison with long-term means. We conclude that net heterotrophy of the Gulf of Bothnia was due to input of organic carbon from both the catchment and from the Baltic Proper and that the future degree of net heterotrophy will be sensible to both catchment export of organic carbon and to the ongoing eutrophication of the Baltic Proper.     

压滤式电解水制氢电解槽极板腐蚀机理的研究

介绍了电解水制氢装置核心部件电解槽的主极板发生腐蚀的现象,研究并分析了极板腐蚀发生的原因,笔者认为主极板腐蚀的机理属于电偶腐蚀 孔蚀,碱液中有害离子是导致腐蚀发生的必要条件。针对主极板腐蚀发生的情况,提出了解决措施。     

钢筋锈蚀综合测量装置的研发

本文介绍的钢筋锈蚀综合测量装置是一种新型的、多参量、适合于现场测量的混凝土结构钢筋锈蚀状况的无损检测仪器。本仪器的研制,主要根据腐蚀电化学的原理,综合电化学的检测方法,应用先进的电子测量、测试技术和计算机技术,对钢筋混凝土结构的钢筋锈蚀的参量进行测量,从而,根据相关的评判标准对混凝土结构中的钢筋锈蚀状况进行评估,提供了科学的手段。本装置可广泛应用于公路交通、铁路、建筑、水利和其他相关领域的混凝土结构中钢筋状况的检测,为早期发现钢筋的锈蚀提供了先进的综合检测手段。     

地铁杂散电流的腐蚀和防护

根据轨道交通的杂散电流产生原理,结合工程实际,提出完整的杂散电流防护体系;结合轨道交通的工程特点,从杂散电流与接地的关系分析,提出结构钢筋可用作设备接地的建议.     

真空辅助压浆在客运专线箱梁施工中的应用

研究目的:针对温福铁路客运专线平阳特大桥后张法预应力现浇箱梁施工过程中应用的真空辅助压浆施工技术,对实际施工中所采取的质量控制要点进行论述,并阐述采用真空辅助压浆工艺进行质量控制的经验和措施。研究结论:在国内后张法预应力箱梁施工中,传统压浆工艺中浆体本身含有气泡及有害成分的雨水,易造成孔隙或预应力筋的腐蚀,降低结构的耐久性。另外,施工中可能存在压浆不密实、不饱和,极易产生孔隙,为后张法预应力箱梁质量留下隐患。而采用真空辅助压浆施工技术,可有效保证预应力孔道压浆后的密实度,提高了结构的安全性、耐久性和使用年限。