缓波型非粘接柔性立管的干涉敏感性

针对非粘接柔性立管在波浪和海流作用下易发生立管干涉的问题,以我国南海某油田输油立管和相邻锚链为例,分别对拖曳力系数、管道单位长度质量、外径、内部介质密度、立管抗拉弯扭刚度和悬挂角度等参数进行敏感性分析,得出不同参数的敏感性情况,并在此基础上提出一些建议供实际工程设计参考.     

复合材料立管抗屈曲能力的提高方法

由于复合材料具有高比强度、设计性强、扰腐蚀性能好等优点,而广泛应用于海洋立管中,但是复合材料立管设计还不够成熟。本文为探究提高复合材料立管抗面压屈曲能力的方法,研究了复合材料结构参数对复合材料立管抗面压屈曲能力的影响,发现铺层数和铺层角对其抗面压屈曲能力有较大影响。其后对复合材料立管增加止屈器,结果表明止屈器可以较大幅度提高其抗面压屈曲能力。对今后研究复合材料立管抗屈曲能力提供一定的指导意义。     

低温热水地板辐射采暖系统水力平衡分析

分析了地暖系统中重力循环作用压力对共用立管的影响,运用基尔霍夫定律分析了地暖系统中下分异程式双管系统和下分同程式双管系统的水力平衡状况,得出了在没有平衡调节装置的情况下,下分异程式双管系统更适用于地暖系统的结论,通过计算确定了地暖系统共用立管水力平衡的影响因素和平均比摩阻的范围.     

输运流体海洋立管的动力特性

从流体的动量方程出发,考虑流体和管道的耦合,推导出输运流体海洋立管的偏微分运动方程。用Hermite插值函数和Galerkin法离散运动方程建立海洋立管动力运动的有限元模型。然后,利用该模型研究管内气柱流对固有频率的影响。计算结果表明:立管内出现气柱流时,固有频率随气柱位置的不同而明显变化。     

上凸型内孤立波场中顶张力立管极值响应分析

为研究上凸型内孤立波作用下立管的响应问题,建立了顶张力立管在上凸型内孤立波场中的运动方程,流体作用力通过Morison方程求解,上凸型内孤立波引起的速度和加速度用两层流体KdV方程计算;采用有限元法离散控制方程,并用Newmark-β法在时域内求解。通过数值模拟探索上凸型内孤立波作用下顶张力立管的位移、弯矩、应力、顶底端转角等极值响应规律,并分析内孤立波幅值、上下两层流体密度差、顶部张力及壁厚对立管响应的影响。研究结果表明,上凸型内孤立波会引起顶张力立管的位移、弯矩、应力及顶底端转角显著增大;由于上凸型内孤立波引起的海水剪切作用剧烈,导致上下两层流体中立管位移反向。     

深水钻井平台-隔水管系统波激疲劳分析

平台运动是深水钻井隔水管系统波激疲劳的主要来源之一。传统的隔水管波激疲劳分析不考虑或简化钻井平台运动,为了更精确地评估隔水管系统波激疲劳损伤,建立了深水钻井平台-隔水管耦合系统动力学模型及波激疲劳损伤评估方法,开展了动力定位和锚泊定位模式下的隔水管系统动力学响应及疲劳损伤分析,深入揭示深水钻井隔水管系统波激疲劳动力学特性。结果表明,两种定位模式下的平台-隔水管系统受波浪载荷的影响,在常规波浪频率范围内发生波频振动,锚泊定位模式下的平台-隔水管系统还呈现一定的低频特性;两种定位系统下的深水钻井隔水管系统疲劳损伤最大值均发生在隔水管系统顶部,锚泊定位模式下的隔水管系统波激疲劳损伤变异系数较大,动力定位系统下的隔水管系统波激疲劳损伤较大。     

三类边界条件下隔水套管涡激非线性振动的比较分析

考虑流及波流联合作用,研究了套管的涡激非线性振动.将套管简化为梁模型,考虑3类不同的边界条件,计及莫里森非线性流体动力和涡激荷载,建立套管的涡激振动方程.应用克雷洛夫函数求解套管的固有频率和模态,采用了计算涡激非线性动力响应的迦辽金方法.以东海勘探3号钻井隔水套管为例,研究了不同边界条件下流引起的主共振和波流联合引起的组合共振.计算结果表明：流对套管的动力响应占主导地位,而波的影响不大.分析了3类不同边界条件下隔水套管的涡激非线性动力响应,揭示了波流联合激励下套管复杂的动力响应特性.     

Application of analytical model in the prediction of dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers: Part II – Dynamic analysis of flexible risers in large-scale domain using a direct moment correction method

In recent years, the dynamic responses of flexible risers have been the focus of many researchers. Most flexible risers undergo a substantial level of irregular motion from environmental loadings, which involves a continuous slip of helical wires. The slip of helical wires especially leads to a hysteretic effect by reducing the bending stiffness, making it hard to predict the dynamic responses of flexible risers. The current study, as an extension to Part I, presents a new large-scale dynamic analysis method for flexible risers. The suggested method creates a large-scale model for the dynamic analysis that considers a geometric and bending nonlinearity of flexible risers. The kinematics of each beam element is formulated based on a Green-Lagrangian strain and the interaction with the seabed, providing a realistic analysis of flexible risers. In particular, the current study introduces a direct moment correction method that modifies the internal force vector using an improved analytical model. The improved analytical model is assigned at each node of the large-scale model and estimates an accurate bending hysteresis curve considering the effect of shear deformation and varying tension. The suggested method corrects the bending moment and shear force of all beam elements based on the bending hysteresis curves obtained from the improved analytical model, by which a complex bending behavior of flexible risers is reflected in a large-scale domain. As a result, this study achieves a more accurate prediction of the dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers. A new dynamic analysis program, called OPFLEX, is developed herein based on the suggested analysis method. Using the developed program, the current study conducts several numerical investigations to identify the effect of the shear deformation and varying tension. Consequently, it is confirmed that the shear deformation of internal layers reduces the fatigue damage of helical wires by delaying the increase of internal stress. It is also identified that the effect of varying tension deteriorates the fatigue life of flexible risers through a continuous change of contact pressure during bending.     

Experimental investigation on vortex-induced force of a Steel Catenary Riser under in-plane vessel motion

A method to identify vortex-induced forces and coefficients from measured strains of a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) undergoing vessel motion-induced Vortex-induced Vibration (VIV) is proposed. Euler–Bernoulli beam vibration equations with time-varying tension is adopted to describe the out-of-plane VIV responses. Vortex-induced forces are reconstructed via inverse analysis method, and the Forgetting Factor Least Squares (FF-LS) method is employed to identify time-varying vortex-induced force coefficients, including excitation coefficients and added mass coefficients. The method is verified via a finite element analysis procedure in commercial software Orcaflex. The time-varying excitation coefficients and added mass coefficients of an SCR undergoing vessel motion-induced VIV are investigated. Results show that vessel motion-induced VIV is excited at the middle or lower part of the SCR and in the acceleration period of in-plane velocity, where most of the excitation coefficients are positive, while during the deceleration period, the excitation coefficients becomes too small to excite VIVs. Parameter γ [1] has strong correlation with excitation coefficients. In addition, time-varying tensions contribute significantly to the variations of added mass coefficients under the condition that the ratio of dynamic top tension to pretension exceeds the range of 0.7–1.3. Moreover, chaotic behaviors are observed in vortex-induced force coefficients and are more evident with the increase of vessel motion velocity. This behavior may attribute to the randomness existing in in-plane velocity and its coupling with out-of-plane vibrations.     

水下灌浆定形式海底管道立管固定装置研究

针对海底管道立管管卡发生损坏或者脱落,影响海底管道安全运行的情况,研制新型水下灌浆定型式海底管道立管固定装置。讨论水下管卡的结构形式,材料的选择及管卡灌浆的工艺流程。实验证明,该新型管卡能够代替原有管卡很好地对立管起到保护作用,能确保海底管道的安全运行。