人体慢性吗啡依赖对内分泌的影响

采用放射免疫法对３０例慢性吗啡依赖者进行了治疗前、后血中皮质醇（ｃｏｒｔｉ－ｓｏｎ，ＣＯＲ）及生长激素（ｇｒｏｗｔｈｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ，ＧＨ）水平的测定，并以３０例健康人作对照。结果表明：人体慢性吗啡依赖者体内ＣＯＲ、ＧＨ水平显著升高，经一个月的戒毒治疗后体内ＣＯＲ、ＧＨ水平下降，但仍高于正常，此时临床上观察到吗啡依赖者躯体戒断症状全部消失，说明内分泌激素ＣＯＲ、ＧＨ参与慢性吗啡依赖的形成。     

Comparative study on ghrelin level change and its related factors in hypertensive elders with psychological distress

Objective To investigate the change of plasma ghrelin level and explore the related factors of ghrelin alteration in elderly hypertensive patients with psychological distress. Methods A total of 300 elders, who were screened with Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) for psychological stress and somato-psychological manifestations respectively, were divided into hypertension group (n=148) and non-hypertension group (n=152). Their blood samples were collected to measure the plasma level of ghrelin and total cortisol on the same day. Results The incidences of anxiety and depression were 27.7% and 11.7%, respectively, in all the enrolled elders. However, the rates of psychological distress, particularly anxiety, were significantly higher in the hypertensive elders than in the non-hypertensive ones (43.2% vs. 12.5%). Anxiety was positively related to the cortisol level but negatively related to the plasma ghrelin level, and the latter two were negatively correlated with each other. Conclusion Chronic increase of plasma cortisol induced by long-term anxiety can lead to the reduction of ghrelin level, which then adversely affects blood pressure in elders with psychological distress. Therefore, ghrelin might be a selective antihypertensive medicine for hypertensive elders with anxiety.     

格林巴利综合征患儿血清皮质醇和甲状腺激素的变化

对１８例格林巴利综合征（Ｇｕｉｌｌａｉｎ－Ｂａｒｒｅｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ，ＧＢＳ）患儿血清皮质醇和ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４、ＴＳＨ水平进行检测。结果表明：未用皮质激素组皮质醇水平（１６３．８±７５．４μｇ／Ｌ）低于用皮质激素组（３６４±４１μｇ／ＬＰ＜０．０５）。前者为正常水平，后者高于正常值，血清Ｔ３病人组（０．７６±０．２２μｇ／Ｌ）明显低于健康小儿组（１．１０±０．６２μｇ／Ｌ　Ｐ＜０．０１）。３例低Ｔ３伴低Ｔ４患者中两例死亡，提示重病患儿下丘脑－垂体－甲状腺轴功能有获得性缺陷     

心肌梗塞大鼠血浆性激素动态变化及与应激的关系

为了探讨心肌梗塞(MI)后血浆性激素变化的方式和机理,本实验用放免法观察了MI前后不同时点的血浆性激素和皮质醇(CS)的演变。发现MI后急性期血浆睾酮(T)显著下阶(P<0.01),雌二醇(E_2)轻度下降;恢复期血浆T和E_2都恢复;MI后血浆CS明显增高(P<0.05),与血浆T呈相反变化;用T治疗的MI大鼠血浆CS无显著变化(P>0.05)。提示:MI后血浆性激素变化的重要原因是MI所致的应激反应,高浓度T可抑制MI后血浆CS的过度升高。     

褪黑素对心理应激大鼠胃黏膜SOD、MDA和胃黏膜损伤的影响

目的　探讨褪黑素 (MT)对心理应激性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法　 48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组 (C组 )、规则光组 (R组 )、不规则光组 (I组 )和褪黑素组 (M组 )。检测大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数 (UI) ,胃黏膜超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、丙二醛 (MDA)含量及血清皮质醇浓度。结果　C组大鼠胃黏膜光整完好 ,肉眼未见糜烂及溃疡。R和I组UI均高于C组 (P <0 .0 5) ,M组UI低于I组 (P <0 .0 5)。R、I组胃黏膜SOD活性降低 ,I组降低更明显 (P <0 .0 5) ;R、I组胃黏膜MDA含量升高 ,I组升高明显 (P <0 .0 5) ,但M组SOD升高 ,MDA含量下降 (P <0 .0 5)。R、I组大鼠血清皮质醇升高 ,I组明显升高 (P <0 .0 5) ;而M组血清皮质醇较I组降低 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　褪黑素通过其抗氧化及抑制血清皮质醇水平的作用对心理应激性胃黏膜损伤起保护作用     

COR、GH与慢性吗啡依赖者IL-2相关性的研究

采用生物学检测法测定不同浓度皮质激素（COR）及生长激素（GH）对慢性吗啡依赖者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）产生白细胞介素-2（IL－2）水平的影响，同样方法测定它们对正常人PBMC产生IL-2水平的影响作为对照。结果表明：慢性吗啡依赖老PBMC在体外受不同浓度的COR、GH作用，免疫细胞产生IL－2的能力随着COR、GH难度增加而增强，说明激素COR和GH在体外可通过免疫细胞上相应的激素受体对免疫产生调节作用。