无砟轨道板精调车结构可靠性分析及优化

为提高无砟轨道板精调车结构的设计水平,考虑精调车荷载、几何尺寸和材料弹性模量等设计变量的随机性,对精调车结构进行可靠性分析、可靠性灵敏度分析和可靠性优化。首先,分析并得到精调车结构在串联失效模式下的结构功能函数;然后,运用响应面法和重要抽样方法,分析得到基于确定性优化的精调车结构的失效概率和可靠性灵敏度结果。最后,根据可靠性灵敏度分析结果,对该结构进行可靠性优化。分析精调车结构在可靠性优化前后的差异,结果表明,与确定性优化结果相比,可靠性优化使精调车结构自重增加了3.55%,但可靠度提高为0.999 999 987 7,说明设计变量的随机性对结构性能的干扰大幅减小。     

缓波型非粘接柔性立管的干涉敏感性

针对非粘接柔性立管在波浪和海流作用下易发生立管干涉的问题,以我国南海某油田输油立管和相邻锚链为例,分别对拖曳力系数、管道单位长度质量、外径、内部介质密度、立管抗拉弯扭刚度和悬挂角度等参数进行敏感性分析,得出不同参数的敏感性情况,并在此基础上提出一些建议供实际工程设计参考.     

Bush-based sensitivity analysis for approximating subnetwork diversion

Subnetwork analysis is often used in traffic assignment problems to reduce the size of the network being analyzed, with a corresponding decrease in computation time. This is particularly important in network design, second-best pricing, or other bilevel problems in which many equilibrium runs must be solved as a subproblem to a master optimization program. A fixed trip table based on an equilibrium path flow solution is often used, but this ignores important attraction and diversion effects as drivers (globally) change routes in response to (local) subnetwork changes. This paper presents an approach for replacing a regional network with a smaller one, containing all of the subnetwork, and zones. Artificial arcs are created to represent “all paths” between each origin and subnetwork boundary node, under the assumption that the set of equilibrium routes does not change. The primary contribution of the paper is a procedure for estimating a cost function on these artificial arcs, using derivatives of the equilibrium travel times between the end nodes to create a Taylor series. A bush-based representation allows rapid calculation of these derivatives. Two methods for calculating these derivatives are presented, one based on network transformations and resembling techniques used in the analysis of resistive circuits, and another based on iterated solution of a nested set of linear equations. These methods are applied to two networks, one small and artificial, and the other a regional network representing the Austin, Texas metropolitan area. These demonstrations show substantial improvement in accuracy as compared to using a fixed table, and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

大跨度公轨两用悬索桥刚度敏感性分析

通过对矢跨比、边跨伸出段长度、中央扣及边跨主缆倾角等因素进行分析,提出重庆郭家沱长江大桥主要刚度影响指标,为方案设计提供依据。     

基于改进GA优化的水下机器人航向鲁棒控制

基于某型号水下机器人水平面线性化模型,针对水下机器人系统存在的多种不确定因素,工作环境复杂多变的问题,采用混合灵敏度法设计水下机器人航向鲁棒控制器。在设计中,通过罚函数小生境遗传适应度值作为桥梁建立起遗传寻优与混合灵敏度参数之间的关系,构成多目标优化问题寻优加权函数。实验结果表明,所用方法可在保证系统较强鲁棒性的同时,又能兼顾时域指标和混合灵敏度加权函数频域要求,获得综合性能指标最优的鲁棒控制器,控制效果较好。     

基于灵敏度分析的环肋圆柱壳结构优化

针对环肋圆柱壳结构强度和稳定性(包含肋骨侧向稳定性),引入新的灵敏度计算方法,开展了几何参数的灵敏度分析,获取了主要影响参数;给出了考虑肋骨侧向稳定性后的材料利用率计算公式后,在结构满足强度和稳定性要求的条件下,以重量最轻、材料利用率最高为优化目标建立了优化数学模型。采用多目标遗传算法对结构在考虑肋骨侧向稳定性后进行了优化。结果表明,这种灵敏度计算方法具有良好的可靠性,基于灵敏度分析的结构优化的方案具有显著的可行性、高效性。     

验证荷载条件下既有梁桥可靠度分析

分析了抗力服从不同先验分布时其后验分布的数字特征变化规律,建立了验证荷载条件下的抗力概率模型;结合条件概率的方法,建立了验证荷载条件下的结构可靠指标计算公式.并从验证荷载前后结构功能函数相关系数、验证荷载取值等方面对一实例桥梁进行了可靠度分析,同时研究了恒载参数、活载参数对考虑验证荷载的既有桥梁结构可靠度的影响.结果表...     

Sensitivity analysis of parameters for multi-stand roll forming using a new booting model

Multi-stand roll forming is a process that has very complicated deformation behaviour and shows significant nonlinearity.In this paper, the sensitivity analysis of parameters for multi-stand roll forming was performed via a new booting finite element method(FEM) model.Compared with the most of simulation, the new model is more consistent with production process and can account for the effects of roll rotating speed.Based on the model, the process of an open section channel formed with 10 passes was simulated and the sensitivity analysis was conducted with orthogonal experiment design combined FEM model.The multi-stand roll forming process can be efficiently analyzed by the new booting model.And sensitivity analysis shows the hardening exponent plays an important role in controlling the quality of the products.     

混合湍流模型的参数优化与分析

在以全流场N-S方程为研究对象的空化流动数值计算中,湍流模型在很大程度上影响了对空化流动的精确预测。为了进一步完善针对非定常空化流动数值计算构建的基于密度分域的混合湍流模型（FBDCM）,利用代理模型方法对FBDCM模型参数的整体敏感度进行了分析,评价了相关经验系数的扰动对空化流场及水动力特性预测精确度的影响,建议了针对非定常空化流动计算的模型参数的具体取值。结果表明,经验系数C2通过调节FBDCM中FBM模型和DCM模型的影响比重,成为对模型预测精度影响程度最大的因素;通过代理模型优化分析确定经验系数的混合湍流模型,能更好地调整流场内的湍流粘性,精确计算了反向射流区域大尺度涡团的流动,与实验结果更为接近。