高速列车结构振动噪声预测与降噪技术研究

基于有限元法和边界元法以及声传递向量,运用ANSYS软件和SYSNOISE软件研究高速列车车体的结构模态与室内声腔声学模态,仿真分析高速列车结构-声场耦合系统的低频噪声,并对铺设吸声材料和涂敷阻尼材料的车身部件进行声学贡献分析,为高速列车的减振降噪提供理论依据.对某高速列车拖车的仿真分析结果表明:该车声学测试点的总声压级超出了TB 1809-86标准拖车客室的容许噪声值;在某些计算频率下,车体某些部件涂敷阻尼材料后对客室测试点的声学贡献由小变大,这说明阻尼材料不仅改变了这些部件的振动幅值,同时也改变了振动相位.因此,在采用阻尼材料减振降噪时,应对车体板件进行声学贡献分析,充分考虑阻尼材料对测试点声压级的影响,有针对性地采取措施,降低乘客室内噪声.     

水下航行体舱段结构声学设计模型分析

采用基于模态坐标的有限元/边界元方法,建立水下航行体封闭舱段声学设计模型,利用该耦合分析模型对两端采用刚性圆板封闭的简支舱段结构的振声性能进行分析,并与采用半无限长圆柱形刚性障板代替两端的刚性圆板时的舱段模型计算结果作比较,指出除了少数耦合模态的固有频率附近,当外层圆柱壳周长相对流体中声波波长较小时,采用刚性圆板封闭的两端简支双层加筋圆柱壳与两端采用半无限长圆柱形刚性障板代替刚性圆板时的声辐射规律十分相近。     

Numerical and experimental analysis of bow flare slamming on a Ro–Ro vessel in regular oblique waves

A method for the prediction of slamming loads on ship hulls is presented and validated for a 20-knot, 120-m car carrier. A nonlinear strip theory is used to calculate the relative motions of ship and wave. The relative vertical and roll velocities for a slamming event are given as input to the slamming calculation program, which is based on a generalized two-dimensional Wagner formulation and solved by the boundary element method. The method is fast and robust. Model tests of a car carrier have been carried out in regular head, bow, and bow quartering waves of various heights. Slamming on two panels in the upper part of the bow flare has been studied. It has been found that the water pile-up around the bow due to the forward speed of the vessel significantly increases the slamming pressures. A simplified way of including this effect is presented. When the calculated slamming pressures are corrected for 3D effects, they compare well with the measured data. Since the effect of the wave elevation due to the forward speed and the effect of three-dimensional flow act in opposite directions, excluding both of them produced results that also agreed quite well with the experiments, especially for the most severe slamming events.     

一种计算吊舱与螺旋桨相互干扰的新方法(英文)

为了计算吊舱推进器的非定常水动力性能,建立了用诱导速度势处理吊舱和螺旋桨非定常相互干扰的方法,并和用诱导速度处理两者相互干扰的方法作了对比分析.讨论了两种方法的数值计算中为了避免奇异性而对一些参数的设定方法.经过用两种方法对均匀来流和非均匀来流条件下水动力性能的计算比较,发现两种方法的计算结果很接近,并与模型试验结果吻合得很好,但用诱导速度势的方法编程工作量较诱导速度方法少,而且还可节省大量的计算时间和存储空间,是一种计算吊舱推进器和其他组合推进器水动力性能相对简单而且有效的方法.     

浅水域结构流固耦合振动的固有频率计算

本文首先建立了浅水域声学边界元方程和相应的FEM/BEM耦合振动方程,探讨了水深对结构振动固有频率和振型的影响,流体可压缩性对结构振动固有频率的影响.研究结果表明:水深变化对结构固有频率有影响,随着水深减小,结构固有频率降低,特别是当水深与结构浸深接近时,水深变化对固有频率影响极大,且振型顺序也可能发生变化;而流体的可压缩性对于浅水域结构固有频率影响不大.     

越浪的湍动及流场分析

越浪一直是波浪水动力问题的一个难点,原因在于其形成受到多种强非线性现象的作用。应用一种新型数值波浪模型(0-1BEM+VOF耦合模型)对越浪过程进行研究分析,并探讨了湍动动能、动能耗散率及流场在周期内的变化趋势。     

带有挡板的注液舱室地震响应分析（英文）

In thispaper, the effects of a rigid baffle on the seismic response of liquid in a rigid cylindrical tank are evaluated. A baffle is an annular plate which supplies a kind of passive control on the effects of ground excitation. The contained liquid is assumed incompressible, inviscid and has irrotational motion. To estimate the seismic response, the method of superposition of modes has been applied. To analyze the rigid tank response, Laplace's equation is considered as the governing equation of the fluid domain, in both time and frequency domains. The boundary element method(BEM) is employed to evaluate the natural modes of liquid in a cylindrical tank. To gain this goal, the fluid domain is divided into two upper and lower parts partitioned by the baffle. Linearized kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions of the free surface of the contained liquid have been considered.     

基于VBA的螺旋桨流固耦合数值模拟

针对近年来广受关注的船用螺旋桨水弹性问题,采用面元法（BEM）进行螺旋桨水动力分析,基于有限元（FEM）进行桨叶结构分析,在Excel VBA环境中借助于Shell函数分别调用BEM代码和FEM模块,实现了螺旋桨稳态性能的双向流固耦合数值模拟.算例对DTMB4119桨分别采用＂刚性＂铝青铜和＂弹性＂S玻璃纤维两种各向同性材料进行了求解,计算结果表明,弹性桨变形量远大于刚性桨,变形形态以轴向和周向的弯曲为主,体现为侧斜和纵倾的改变;桨叶螺距基本不发生变化,其水动力性能与＂刚性＂桨保持一致,两者的应力分布也基本相当.相关研究结论可为后续复合材料螺旋桨水弹性分析与设计工作提供前期基础.     

基于NURBS的船体与桥墩间水动干扰力及力矩的非定常计算

本文在一些假设下完成了船体与桥墩之间水动干扰力及力矩的数值计算工作，所采用的方法是基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)的三维Rankine源边界元法，即将船体、桥墩的几何形状以及流场中待求的物理量分布完全表达成NURBS的形式。给出了船体通过圆柱形桥墩时的水动干扰力及力矩的数值计算结果，并进行了一些分析。     

PC简支梁铁路桥墩身动力响应的特解边界元分析

根据特解边界元理论,建立动态响应数值分析方法,编制相应的动力分析程序,计算PC简支梁桥墩顶纵向位移、速度和加速度时程,详细分析其动态变化过程;采用有限元分析方法,选择8节点块单元模拟墩身,并与特解边界元的计算结果进行对比。结果表明:两者具有较好的一致性,说明采用特解边界元的数值处理方法和所构造的边界元计算墩身动力响应是正确的。由于边界单元法只在边界上剖分单元,通过基本解把域内未知量化为边界未知量求解,自由度数目大大减少,计算效率较高。