原油运输市场分析

分别概述了世界与中国的石油资源储量分布、可持续开采年数、不同地区的生产量与消耗量、以及产销平衡状况,由此派生的全球不同地区原油、成品油的进出口量、海运量与主要的海运航线,我国石油进口的主要来源和途径;分析了油轮的船型和船龄的分布,进而预测了世界上几种主要原油轮运力的供应、需求、船价与运价的发展趋势。这些分析和预测可以作为制定油轮发展的技术政策、战略、规划等宏观决策时的参考。     

铁路调度区域内货物列车出发计划动态全局优化

为实现调度区域内货物列车出发计划的全局最优,提出1种基于车流不确定性的动态优化方法。影响货物列车出发计划的不确定性因素主要有事故、晚点、扣修等,将其中不确定性因素进行量化处理,并当作随机变量。以调度区域内货车中转停留时间最小为目标函数,以网络车流平衡、节点车流守恒、满轴限制、运到期限作为基本约束条件,以计划兑现率要求作为动态约束条件,建立制定列车出发计划的动态优化模型。利用确定性等价类将模型转化为确定性线性规划模型,采用编制的线性规划软件求解。通过算例证明该方法可以得到优化结果。分析计算结果可知:车流的不确定性会导致中时增大;计划兑现率要求越高,计划最后的执行指标就越差;考虑运到期限要求,会导致中时增大。     

基于顾客价值理论的铁路货运营销创新研究

阐述顾客价值理论与铁路货物运输营销的密切关系,对铁路货运顾客价值重要性及感知评价等进行定性和定量的实证研究,最后提出基于顾客价值的铁路局货运营销创新策略。     

超偏载检测装置车号匹配错位问题探讨

通过分析超偏载检测装置中车号识别设备数据处理流程、超偏载检测设备数据处理流程、确报数据匹配流程,分析车号匹配错位的原因,提出升级车号识别设备和超偏载检测设备轴距表,调整计轴判辆机制,综合应用各设备和系统,提高设备和检测装置的稳定性,将超偏载检测装置安装位置和有关信息纳入LKJ管理等解决方案,有效解决车号匹配错位问题,使货运计量安全检测监控系统整体应用效果得到提升。     

铁路货场生产管理信息系统设计总体方案研究

依据铁路货场生产管理信息系统设计目标和设计原则,设计系统架构、子系统及部署方案。通过各子系统实现客户服务管理、生产组织管理、动态管理、综合管理、系统管理、领导查询和与外部系统接口等功能,提出系统安全保障方案,保证系统的物理环境安全、网络运行安全、信息安全保密。     

成都铁路局系统提升卸车能力的研究与实践

针对近年来成都铁路局运输能力日渐紧张的状况,分析影响区域卸车能力的主要因素:通道输送能力、技术站解编能力、货运站作业能力等,提出通过扩能改造通道输送能力,提升枢纽解编能力和货场作业能力,提高卸车综合能力利用率等对策,以全面提升成都铁路局的卸车能力.     

探析我国铁路货车焊缝性能评定标准的应用与拓展

介绍我国铁路货车现行的焊缝性能评定标准的执行情况,对比分析焊缝性能评定、焊缝缺陷质量等级和图样标注等方面与新的国家标准的差异,在建议尽快贯彻新的国家标准的同时,结合我国铁路货车设计制造的实际情况,提出可拓展的内容和举措。     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

基于分级节点的高速铁路货运动车组开行研究

“八纵八横”高速铁路网货运节点可以利用聚类分析法,依据货运总量、GDP、人口、社会消费品零售总额、快递业务量、线路连接数、城市类别和节点类别等指标划分为4个等级。基于灰色系统预测模型,预测2025年高速铁路货运量,构建数学模型计算保本货运量。依据节点划分、货运量预测、保本货运量结果,计算各等级节点中盈利OD所占的比例,结合日均OD量,分析各等级节点间开办高速铁路货运的可行性。研究表明,在一级节点之间可以开行高速铁路货运动车组专列,在二级节点之间可以开行客货联挂动车组,三、四级节点可以采用捎带运输的方式。