导管螺旋桨内流场的LDV测量

为了探讨导管内流场,通过在导管壁上开窗口,使用LDV激光穿过窗口方案来测量导管螺旋桨的内流场.测量结果表明该方案测量导管内流场是可行的,并为导管内螺旋桨叶片的环量分布分析提供了条件.     

Propeller wake analysis in nonuniform inflow by LDV phase sampling techniques

A laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) phase sampling technique is developed and adopted for the analysis of the flow upstream and behind a four-blade, highly skewed installed propeller in the case of a twin-screw ship model in a large circulating water channel. The technique implemented allows the reconstruction of the 3D flow field as a function of propeller angle in transversal planes located as close as possible to the blade trailing and leading edges. The main features of the propeller installation are highlighted, as well as the strong and complex interaction of the propeller with the hull wake, especially in the brackets region. The high level of detail and accuracy of the data acquired would be a powerful tool for the development and validation of computational codes applied to this topic.     

贯流风扇内部流场流动特征及流速分布的研究

通过激光幕及激光多普勒流速计（ＬＤＶ）等先进实验手段,对目前家用、车用小型空调中所使用的贯风流风部流场进行了可视化及流速分布研究,得出了贯流风流内部流动随着叶轮片倾角及热交换器有无等条件变化而变化的规律。     

DTMB P4119桨尾流场LDV测试

采用LDV测速系统,在大型空泡水筒中对均匀来流下的螺旋桨尾流场进行了测量。把测试点数据集合在一个圆盘面上进行宏观显示。试验测试了尾流场中尾涡结构,获得了尾流场中轴向、径向速度沿周向分布的周期性规律,分析了近梢部流场速度分布的双突跳结构。试验所获得的定量信息为螺旋桨尾流场复杂流动现象的揭示提供了帮助。     

Isocyanic acid and ammonia in vehicle emissions

Vehicles are considered to be an important source of ammonia (NH₃) and isocyanic acid (HNCO). HNCO and NH₃ have been shown to be toxic compounds. Moreover, NH₃ is also a precursor in the formation of atmospheric secondary aerosols. For that reason, real-time vehicular emissions from a series of Euro 5 and Euro 6 light-duty vehicles, including spark ignition (gasoline and flex-fuel), compression ignition (diesel) and a plug-in electric hybrid, were investigated at 23 and −7 °C over the new World harmonized Light-duty vehicle Test Cycle (WLTC) in the Vehicle Emission Laboratory at the European Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra, Italy. The median HNCO emissions obtained for the studied fleet over the WLTC were 1.4 mg km⁻¹ at 23 °C and 6 mg km⁻¹ at −7 °C. The fleet median NH₃ emission factors were 10 mg km⁻¹ and 21 mg km⁻¹ at 23 and −7 °C, respectively. The obtained results show that even though three-way catalyst (TWC), selective catalytic reduction (SCR), and NOx storage catalyst (NSC) are effective systems to reduce NOx vehicular emissions, they also lead to considerable emissions of the byproducts NH₃ and/or HNCO. It is also shown that diesel light-duty vehicles equipped with SCR can present NH₃ emission factors as high as gasoline light-duty vehicles at both, 23 and −7 °C over the WLTC. Therefore, with the introduction in the market of this DeNOx technology, vehicular NH₃ emissions will increase further.