基于单向求解、双向流固耦合的悬臂平板绕流涡激振动特性对比研究

本文采用双向流固耦合研究一端固定的二维平板(展向无限长)涡激振动特性,通过流场和结构之间力和位移的相互传递来实现双向耦合。同时,对不同雷诺数下的平板绕流涡激振动进行了计算,并与单向求解算法进行了对比。计算结果表明,当涡脱落频率接近结构固有频率时,将出现频率锁定现象,同时结构将产生极大的位移响应。在锁定雷诺数区域中,双向流固耦合结构位移响应明显小于单向求解算法,而在其他非锁定区间,两种算法差别较小。     

船用复合材料接头全场应力测量方法研究

对应用锁相红外热成像技术测量复合材料结构应力的可行性进行了研究。基于正交各向异性复合材料的热弹性理论(TSA),提出了一种有效和简洁的试验标定方法。通过标定试验获取了玻璃钢材料合理的加载频率f以及热弹性耦合常数CK。对两种典型的船用玻璃钢复合材料连接接头内的应力分布进行了测量,通过与数值计算结果比较,表明锁相红外热成像技术是一种快速、高效、可靠的结构全场应力测量手段。     

低质量-阻尼因子圆柱体的涡激振动预报模型

本文考查了在均匀来流中作横向振荡的圆柱体与周围流体之间的能量转移,由此建立了基于受迫振荡实验数据的弹性支撑圆柱体在均匀流中的涡激振动响应预报模型.根据此模型,分析了低质量-阻尼因子圆柱体的涡激振动响应特性.就水中圆柱体涡激振动响应特性相关的几个关键性问题进行了深入的讨论,包括响应振幅的决定因素、附加质量对锁定范围及响应频率的影响.正确理解这些问题对于深水立管涡激振动响应的有效预报至关重要.     

二维弹性平板绕流锁定发生机理研究

本文采用双向流固耦合来研究一端固定二维平板涡激振动特性,通过动网格技术来实现流场和结构之间力和位移的相互传递。对不同雷诺数下平板绕流涡分离进行计算,成功捕捉到了锁定现象,并对其发生机理进行研究。计算结果表明,当涡脱落频率接近结构固有频率、结构表面压力分布与结构模态一致、尾涡强度达到一定水平,即可产生锁定现象。     

互相关技术在钳口法接地电阻检测中的应用

论述了钳口法接地电阻检测的工作原理。通过对信号互相关的分析,重点对带有噪声的微弱感应电流信号的提取方法进行了分析。给出了以AD630锁相器为核心的信号处理模块,利用DDFS芯片ML2035信号作为参考信号,实现了对接地回路感生电流信号的锁相放大,通过实验标定的方式,确定出接地电阻计算的系数,该方法能够有效地抑制噪声,提高接地电阻的测量精度,简化了信号提取电路,同时由于输出信号为直流,降低了信号采样的难度。     

表面粗糙度对立管涡激振动响应影响的试验研究

应用模型试验的方法,研究了表面粗糙度对立管涡激振动响应特性的影响规律,对不同粗糙度条件下立管所受拖曳力、升力、端部张力、漩涡泄放频率、结构振动响应频率、位移响应等参数的变化规律进行了对比分析。结果表明：与立管横向振动相比,立管流向振动更早出现锁定现象,因此当折合速度较低时,立管流向振动的涡激振动响应要大于横向振动。立管张力均存在两个峰值频率,其中一个峰值频率为主导频率,与拖曳力主导频率吻合,由流向涡激振动所产生;另一个峰值频率为主导频率的一半,与升力主导频率吻合,由横向涡激振动所产生。因此可以看出：横向涡激振动与流向涡激振动通过张力作用而相互影响。与光滑立管相比,表面粗糙度降低了立管的涡激振动位移响应,减小了涡激振动的锁定区域,但提高了漩涡泄放频率。对于不同粗糙度下的粗糙立管,随着粗糙度的增加,立管的锁定区域开始点逐渐提前,锁定结束点逐渐推迟,锁定区域逐渐变宽。     

Capacitance Sensing and Software-Realized Lock-in Amplifier for the Electromagnetically Levitated Micro Gyroscope

In the novel prototype of micro-gyroscope structure,the new configured capacitance sensing scheme for the micro gyroscope was analyzed and the virtual instrument based detection scheme was implemented.The digital lock-in amplifier was employed in the capacitance detection to restrain the noise interference.The capacitance analysis shows that 1 fF capacitance variation corresponds to 0.1 degree of the turn angle.The differential capacitance bridge and the charge integral amplifier were used as the front signal input interface.In the implementation of digital lock-in amplifier,a new routine which warranted the exactly matching of the reference phase to signal phase was proposed.The result of the experiment shows that digital lock-in amplifier can greatly eliminate the noise in the output signal.The non linearity of the turn angle output is 2.3% and the minimum resolution of turn angle is 0.04 degrees.The application of the software demodulation in the signal detection of micro-electro-mechanical-system(MEMS)device is a new attempt,and it shows the prospective for a high-performance application.     

Dynamic ice loads for offshore wind support structure design

For offshore wind farms which are planned in sub-arctic regions like the Baltic Sea and Bohai Bay, support structure design has to account for load effects from dynamic ice-structure interaction. There is relatively high uncertainty related to dynamic ice loads as little to no load- and response data of offshore wind turbines exposed to drifting ice exists. In the present study the potential for the development of ice-induced vibrations for an offshore wind turbine on monopile foundation is experimentally investigated. The experiments aimed to reproduce at scale the interaction of an idling and operational 14 MW turbine with ice representative of 50-year return period Southern Baltic Sea conditions. A real-time hybrid test setup was used to allow the incorporation of the specific modal properties of an offshore wind turbine at the ice action point, as well as virtual wind loading. The experiments showed that all known regimes of ice-induced vibrations develop depending on the magnitude of the ice drift speed. At low speed this is intermittent crushing and at intermediate speeds is ‘frequency lock-in’ in the second global bending mode of the turbine. For high ice speeds continuous brittle crushing was found. A new finding is the development of an interaction regime with a strongly amplified non-harmonic first-mode response of the structure, combined with higher modes after moments of global ice failure. The regime develops between speeds where intermittent crushing and frequency lock-in in the second global bending mode develop. The development of this regime can be related to the specific modal properties of the wind turbine, for which the second and third global bending mode can be easily excited at the ice action point. Preliminary numerical simulations with a phenomenological ice model coupled to a full wind turbine model show that intermittent crushing and the new regime result in the largest bending moments for a large part of the support structure. Frequency lock-in and continuous brittle crushing result in significantly smaller bending moments throughout the structure.