船台测量场中多级转站的不确定度

对在船台测量场内利用全站仪进行多级转站测量时误差的传递过程进行研究,分析误差的来源及其累积方法,建立转站过程中误差传递的数学模型,并据此推导出多级转站测量的系统误差传递公式及其不确定度估计公式。采用蒙特卡洛方法开展考虑全站仪测量误差的多级转站过程仿真试验,并将仿真结果与计算结果相对比。结果表明,提出的误差估计方法能较好地反映多级转站时误差的传递过程和不确定度的分布规律。     

Effects of shadow evacuation on megaregion evacuations

Transportation systems serve important roles during emergencies, in particular for evacuations. However, efficient travel during these life-and-death scenarios can be adversely impacted by external conditions, such as unnecessary and unneeded travel. This research sought to enhance the understanding of the effects of these conditions by analyzing shadow evacuations, and their impact on regional traffic operations in megaregions, more broadly. The research was based on simulations of a range of hurricane evacuation threat scenarios in the Gulf of Mexico building upon prior study using TRANSIMS. These assessments are also targeted at what many assume could be worst case evacuation conditions and pushing the limits of current simulation modeling capability. Among the broader findings of this work was that shadow evacuation participation rates did not significantly impact the evacuation clearance times within mandatory evacuation areas of the megaregion as long as demand could be temporarily spread out. This finding does not, however, suggest that the shadow evacuations have no impact on evacuation processes. High rates of shadow evacuees can cause significant congestion if they are not able to exit critical routes before mandatory evacuees reach areas further away from the coast.     

洋山深水港区一期工程航行安全模拟试验研究

运用电子操纵模拟器 ,预演了第六代集装箱船在各种不利航行条件下进出洋山深水港区的航行过程 ,分析了风、浪、流等环境因素对船舶操纵的影响 ,确定了船舶安全进出港所需的航道宽度、船舶安全靠泊条件和掉头操纵水域尺度。大量的模拟试验研究结果证实 :洋山深水港区具有良好的船舶航行条件 ,船舶按一期工程小洋山方案 (一 )、小洋山方案 (二 )以及小洋山～镬盖塘方案进行靠离泊和掉头操纵无本质差异 ,主要不同点在于船舶通过窄口后小洋山方案 (一 )和小洋山方案 (二 )比小洋山～镬盖塘方案有较长的制动水域     

滑床板摩擦力对尖轨不足位移的影响

为解决道岔尖轨不足位移问题,根据尖轨的特殊结构外形、受力特性和扳动机理,建立尖轨不足位移计算仿真模型,分析不同滑床板表面摩擦系数取值下尖轨不足位移的变化。结果表明:摩擦力是导致尖轨产生不足位移的主要原因;尖轨不足位移随滑床板摩擦系数的增加而增大,基本成线性递增关系;最后牵引点距尖轨跟端间间距越大,摩擦系数对不足位移的影响也越大。减小摩擦力和优化牵引点间距能够较好地控制尖轨不足位移。提出设置滚轮式滑床板方案,将轨底与滑床板间的滑动摩擦转化为滚动摩擦,并优化滚轮式滑床板布置方式,进一步减小了尖轨不足位移。     

舰船全电力推进系统模拟研究

介绍了舰船全电力推进系统的优点、典型国外电力推进系统和我校建 船舰电力推进模拟研究系统的组成及其工作原理。重点研究了螺旋奖负载模拟装置的硬件组成、相关的计算及控制方法。在此基础上，对采用电力推进舰船的运动进行了半物理仿真，取得了较好的效果。     

Turbo编解码结构及基于LOG-MAP算法的性能仿真研究

阐述Turbo码的编解码结构。研究MAP以及LOG MAP解码算法。设计MATLAB仿真运算程序。根据设计的仿真程序比较Turbo码在不同约束长度、不同迭代次数以及不同编码速率情况下的性能。由仿真结果得出影响Turbo码性能的主要因素是交织器长度、迭代次数、编码速率。在各种情况下通过增加交织器长度和迭代次数、降低编码速率来改善Turbo码的性能。     

地铁杂散电流模拟实时监测系统

地铁走行轨杂散电流的存在,会对埋在地下的金属产生电化学腐蚀作用。在实时监测系统中,通过改变电路的结构与电源正极在电路中的接入点,模拟普通走行轨、交叉点、分叉点和列车运行过程中的杂散电流,进而分析在不同地质条件下杂散电流对金属的腐蚀情况。通过对实时监测模拟装置中的工作电流的变化,研究杂散电流的大小和分布规律,为在城市轨道交通的设计、施工和旧线改造过程中削弱或减小杂散电流,提供相关的实验数据。     

Simulation studies of information propagation in a self-organizing distributed traffic information system

This paper investigates the feasibility of a self-organizing, completely distributed traffic information system based upon vehicle-to-vehicle communication technologies. Unlike centralized traffic information systems, the proposed system does not need public infrastructure investment as a prerequisite for implementation. Due to the complexity of the proposed system, simulation is selected as the primary approach in the feasibility studies. A simulation framework is built based on an existing microscopic traffic simulation model for the simulation studies. The critical questions for building the proposed market-driven system are examined both from communication requirements and traffic engineering points of view. Traffic information propagation both in freeway and arterial networks via information exchange among IVC-equipped vehicles is tested within the simulation framework. Results on the probability of successful IVC and traffic information propagation distance obtained from the simulation studies are generated and analyzed under incident-free and incident conditions for various roadway formats and parameter combinations. Comparisons between the speed of the incident information wave and the speed of the corresponding traffic shock wave due to the incident are analyzed for different scenarios as the most crucial aspect of the information propagation as a potential foundation for application in such a decentralized traffic information system.     

集中质量对接触网仿真的影响研究

电气化铁道弓网动态受流一直是牵引供电系统的关键技术之一.建立高精度的接触网仿真模型,深入研究弓网的动态受流关系,是解决受流质量一个主要途径和方法.在接触网系统中,安装的定位器、定位管、线夹等零部件形成的荷载会影响接触悬挂的弹性,进而对弓网受流产生影响.此文在建立接触网仿真模型中,把零部件荷载视为集中质点,来研究接触悬挂模型的等效质量,进而研究集中质量对接触网仿真的影响.通过研究表明,集中质量的等效质量越大,集中质量处的接触压力越小;反之亦然;列车行驶速度越快,集中质量产生的影响越明显.     

基于元胞自动机的高速铁路列车群追踪运行仿真模型

为分析高速铁路列车在追踪间隔缩小时的运行状态,根据准移动闭塞系统原理,设置列车区间运行和车站运行的演化规则,建立准移动闭塞条件下基于元胞自动机的列车群追踪运行仿真模型。利用元胞自动机对京沪高速铁路线路"上海虹桥—南京南"运行图中追踪运行的10列车进行建模仿真,分析仿真结果验证到达间隔时间是制约追踪间隔的瓶颈,并得出后行列车满足追踪间隔4 min或3 min的情况下,其运行速度不受前行列车的干扰。