乙醇致家兔急性心衰模型的建立

目的探讨乙醇诱导家兔急性心力衰竭的可行性。方法家兔麻醉固定后,股动脉插管监测血压变化,颈动脉插管至左心室监测左室内压变化,皮下针形电极监测心电图;恒速颈外静脉注射乙醇(生理盐水稀释无水乙醇至250mL/L,以1.0mL/min滴入)诱导急性心力衰竭,造模后取横断心脏,常规固定,HE染色,观察心肌病理变化。结果与造模前基础值比较,乙醇造模后动脉收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、左室收缩压及左室内压上升和下降最大速率均明显下降(P<0.05),达到心衰标准;心电图可见心率减慢(P<0.05),P波时间、P-R间期、QRS及QT间期延长(P<0.05);心肌病理变化符合心衰病理表现。结论乙醇恒速静脉注射可诱导家兔急性心力衰竭模型,为急性乙醇中毒所致心力衰竭的防治提供动物模型。

Establishment of alcohol-induced acute heart failure model in rabbits

Objective To establish an acute heart failure model induced by alcohol in rabbits.Methods After rabbits were anesthetized and fixed,femoral artery intubation was used for blood pressure(BP) measurement;left ventricle intubation via carotid was used to detect left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP) and ±dp/dt max.Electrocardiogram was recorded through subcutaneous needle electrode.Acute heart failure model was induced by intravenous injection of alcohol(250 mL/L,1.0 mL/min) at a constant speed.Hearts were harvested after that and analyzed by histological hematoxylin-eosin staining.Results Compared with the normal hemodynamic indexes before model establishment,the SBP,DBP,MBP,LVSP and ±dp/dt max decreased(P<0.05).Electrocardiogram result showed that heart rate decreased(P<0.05),the duration of P wave,P-R interval,QRS and Q-T intervals were prolonged obviously compared to the baselines(P<0.05).Pathological examination demonstrated that the cardiac muscular tissues of the model were damaged,which was consistent with the pathological manifestation of heart failure.Conclusion Alcohol can be used to induce acute heart failure,which provides a considerable model for investigation of mechanism and therapy of acute alcohol intoxication-induced hear failure.