转向架构架局部结构优化与轻量化研究

降低结构的应力集中效应、改变结构几何形状和减小结构几何尺寸是实现转向架焊接构架轻量化和提高疲劳强度的有效途径。文章以某转向架构架结构为例,基于DVS 1612标准的结构疲劳强度评估方法和规定的焊接接头质量等级,采用对结构高应力集中效应区域进行局部焊接接头优化和局部结构形状优化,将焊接构架抗侧滚扭杆安装座与侧梁下盖板连接焊缝的疲劳强度材料利用度由大于1.773分别降低到0.704和0.871,同时实现了侧梁下盖板、辅助纵梁内外立板板厚的减小以及横梁钢管壁厚的减小,满足疲劳强度的前提下,实现了构架轻量化与局部结构优化的目标。

Research on Local Structure Optimization and Lightweight Improvement of Bogie Frame

Reduction stress concentration effect of structure,changing the structure geometry and reducing the geometry of structure are effective methods to realize the lightweight and improve the endurance strength of welded bogie frame.Taking a bogie frame structure as an example,based on the structural fatigue strength evaluation method of DVS 1612 standard and the specified welding joint quality level,the local welding joint optimization and the local structure shape optimization were carried out in the area of high stress concentration effect of the structure,and the availability of the welded joint located in the area between anti-roll bar mounting block and side frame cover plate had dropped from 1.773 to 0.704/0.871.At the same time,the thickness of the lower cover plate of the side beam,the inner and outer vertical plates of the auxiliary longitudinal beam and the wall thickness of the steel tube of the transverse beam were reduced.On the premise of meeting the fatigue strength,the goal of lightweight and local structure optimization of the frame was realized.