道路交通系统韧性及路段重要度评估

韧性可以全面描述扰动事件下系统吸收干扰并从干扰中恢复的能力. 针对已有韧性指标对系统性能评价不全面、未考虑交通流量影响等问题，从路段通行能力退化与恢复入手，以网络效率为系统性能指标，构建全面评价扰动事件影响期内系统性能的韧性指标. 分别基于乐观和悲观视角提出韧性增加值和韧性减少值路段重要度指标，提出识别路段重要度的启发式算法. 算例结果表明：本文提出的韧性指标可全面描述扰动事件下路网性能退化与恢复全过程的平均累积性能，更加符合韧性指标内涵；韧性增加值和韧性减少值指标均能有效识别路段重要度，大部分路段重要度随时间动态变化.

Evaluation of Road Transportation System Resilience and Link Importance

Resilience comprehensively describes the ability of a roadway system to absorb and recover from a disruptive event. The existing resilience metrics can be improved to measure the system performance more accurately and the impact of traffic flow should be considered in the evaluation. This study first examined the roadway capacity degradation and recovery processes, then used the network efficiency as a measure of system performance to develop a resilience metric for the entire disruptive event duration period. The study proposed the resilience achievement worth (RAW) and resilience reduction worth (RRW) indices to reflect the link importance respectively from the optimistic and pessimistic perspectives, and the heuristic algorithm was used to identify the importance degrees of roadway links. The results from the examples show that the proposed resilience metric is able to measure the average cumulative performance of the roadway system during the entire degradation and recovery processes after a disruptive event, which is more consistent with the function of resilience metric. The indices of RAW and RRW are also able to effectively identify the link importance degree. The importance degrees of most of the roadway links change dynamically with time.