浅水中低速斜航船舶水动力预报及验证与确认分析

浅水中的斜航船舶受到浅水阻塞效应和不对称流的综合影响。为预报该运动中的船舶水动力，文章采用基于定常雷诺平均纳维—斯托克斯方程的计算流体动力学方法，对浅水中做斜航运动的船舶粘性绕流场进行数值模拟。考虑低航速运动的特点，忽略航速影响下的自由面兴波，由数值计算得到水动力系数在漂角影响下的变化规律。针对计算精度问题，在数值模拟中从验证和确认角度分析和评估计算结果：通过网格收敛性分析分析数值误差与不确定度；结合试验数据考察计算模型的误差。此外，从计算区域尺度、湍流模型、边界条件、船体下沉和纵倾作用方面对模型误差的影响因素进行探讨，可为改进计算模型、提高数值模拟精度提供参考依据。

Numerical predictions of hydrodynamic forces on a ship during a low-speed drift motion in shallow water including verification and validation

Travelling at a drift angle in shallow water, the ship is affected by both the asymmetry flow and the blockage from shallow water. To predict the hydrodynamic forces on the ship, this paper applies a Com-putational Fluid Dynamics method based on the steady state Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations to solve the viscous flow around the ship during a low-speed drift motion in shallow water. Considering the ship moves at a low speed, the effects of free surface are assumed negligible. Tendencies of the hydrody-namic forces against the drift angle are simulated from numerical computations. For the purpose of evaluat-ing the degree of accuracy in the numerical results, verification and validation analyses are performed. The numerical error and uncertainty are estimated from a grid convergence study, while the modelling errors are investigated along with the experimental data. In addition, the contributions of computational domain size, turbulence model, boundary condition, as well as the influence of sinkage and trim to the modelling errors are discussed. This study offers a useful reference for the improvement of the numerical model and the ac-curacy in numerical predictions.