风帆助航渔船的稳性及经济性分析

风帆助航是船舶节能减排的重要途径。本文以1条鱿鱼钓船作为研究对象,根据该船的特点选择NACA0006型帆和圆弧型帆作为辅助风帆,然后利用Fluent软件建立所选风帆模型,对这2种风帆的空气动力性能进行数值模拟计算。根据软件的计算结果估算风帆助航时鱿鱼钓船的每年节油量以及所减少的二氧化碳排放量。通过对风帆助航鱿鱼钓船的稳性进行计算分析,可以确定只要合理地安装和操作风帆,风帆助航渔船是能满足稳性要求的。     

船舶气象导航最省燃料航线研究

船舶气象导航是保证船舶航行安全和节能的重要手段。本文应用最佳控制理论研究和建立船舶最省燃料航线数学模型。在分析比较船舶最短时间航线和最省燃料航线数学模型的基础上，讨论了最省燃料航线算法实现。并针对冬季北太平洋进行了最省燃料航线模拟试验。     

基于CFD的风帆助航技术效能分析

在模型试验的基础上,运用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,分析了基于机翼理论的风翼帆船利用风能辅助推进的特性.在仿真软件Fluent的仿真计算的基础上,当采用风帆助航技术时,对风帆产生的推力及由此引起船舶阻力变化进行了分析,从而对风帆助航技术的效能进行评估与分析,得出了远洋船舶利用清洁能源(风能)在经济性与环保性方面的可行性.并提出风帆助航技术应用于大型远洋船舶后续需要解决的问题.     

The comparison of general cargo ship economic performance by simulation

Cargo ship designs offered by shipbuilders differ in characteristics such as deadweight, speed, fuel consumption and cargo equipment. The best vessel for high freight markets and high fuel prices may not be the best for low freight markets and low fuel prices. A model has been developed to compare by simulation a number of multi-purpose general cargo vessels suitable for the trade of a Turkish shipowner. The model simulates the operation of each vessel under a variety of operating scenarios, e.g. fuel prices and freight profiles over the ships' lives, and estimates the distribution of resulting net present values. The techno-economic simulation model incorporates variables including ship size, speed, first cost, fuel consumption, load factor and port days.

Results are presented for six standard vessels of around 20 000 dwt operating over a long and a short route. Although the ranking of the six varies with assumptions, one design is shown to be superior under most operating conditions.     

集装箱码头物流路径优化研究

根据集装箱码头的工艺流程,提出了集装箱码头物流路径优化模型。该模型以集卡行走里程最短为目标,在满足集装箱堆场堆存要求和船舶装卸作业要求的情况下,求解集卡最优行走路径。算例计算表明,该优化模型可为码头管理者提供一定决策帮助。     

对船舶“航线设计”项目教学和评估的思考

分析了船舶＂航线设计＂项目教学和评估中存在的问题,探讨解决问题的可行性。按照岗位要求完善航线设计的步骤,改进航路资料的教学方法,增加学生动手的机会,提高学生的动手能力,并提出了适应岗位要求的＂航线设计＂项目的教学方法和评估方法。     

动力定位作用下S型铺管作业耦合运动分析

文章建立了S型铺管船的船体、托管架和管线动态耦合模型。考虑了海浪、风和海流载荷作用下以及动力定位系统的控制下,分析时域内管道对船舶运动和受力特点的影响。主要包括：建立起重铺管船的动力定位运动模型,建立基于碰撞-接触原理的V型托辊和托管架模型,设计具有PID伺服系统的张紧器模型,提供连接托管架和船尾的非线性弹性铰接模型。进行时域动态模拟得到结果,通过与非铺管作业工况下的运动响应的对比表明,管线对船舶横摇运动影响较大,对纵摇和垂荡运动有一定程度的影响;管道对船舶纵荡、横荡和艏摇三个自由度上的受力影响极大。     

Intermodal route selection for cargo transportation from Korea to Central Asia by adopting Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy ELECTRE I methods

Due to the increase in trade from Korea to Central Asia, an efficient intermodal route for transporting cargo is important. Intermodal routing for long-distance transportation faces operational challenges, such as customs clearance, track gauge differences, and climate limitations. The initiative of the Silk Road Economic Belt recently proposed in China could improve trade and transport links in Asia and create an efficient transportation route that focuses on the railroad service provided in China. The objective of this study is to obtain an evaluation structure for intermodal routing and then find the route for transporting cargo from Korea to Central Asia under China’s Silk Road Economic Belt with integrated Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy (Elimination Et Choice Translating Reality (ELECTRE) I methods. After a sensitivity analysis is performed, development strategies and alternative routes are suggested. The results show that among the five principal factors, total cost is the most important factor for logistics companies when they select a transportation route, followed by reliability, transportation capability, total time, and security. Of the sub-factor weights, transportation costs and cooperation and emphasis among state organization are important. In the intermodal route results, route 3, Incheon to Qingdao to Horgos to Almaty, is preferred.     

风帆助航技术实船应用的若干思考

首先分析了风帆助航装置应用在远洋船舶上的技术要求,通过对海洋风能资源特点、风帆的选择及其控制、船舶稳性校核、风帆助航装置的操纵和维护管理等问题的分析,风帆助航技术在远洋船舶上的应用被证明是可行的,它将成为船舶节能减排的重要措施,其推广应用对我国航运业的可持续发展将有着积极的意义。     

Development of a novel forward dynamic programming method for weather routing

This paper presents a novel forward dynamic programming method for weather routing to minimise ship fuel consumption during a voyage. Compared with traditional weather routing methods which only optimise the ship’s heading, while the engine power or propeller rotation speed is set as a constant throughout the voyage, this new method considers both the ship power settings and heading controls. A float state technique is used to reduce the iterations required during optimisation and thus save computation time. This new method could lead to quasi-global optimal routing in comparison with the traditional weather routing methods.     

风帆辅助推进船舶操纵可控区研究

加装风帆后的船舶在低速时的航行特性有别于无帆情形。为确保低速航行安全,基于MMG非线性运动方程,计算了有、无风帆情况下的船舶操纵可控区。运动方程中的船体水动力系数、舵模块参数等由经验公式得到,帆/船整体气动力系数由基于滑移网格方法的CFD手段获得。计算结果表明:不同帆攻角下的船舶自由操控区不同,通过合理的帆/舵联合操纵,可以扩大风帆辅助推进船舶低速航行的可自由操控区,增强其在风中的抗风能力。     

大型豪华邮轮高压细水雾消防灭火系统设计

大型豪华邮轮是一种载客超千人的国际航线大型客船,因其舱室数量大、功能区间复杂多样、可燃物多、人员密集,一旦发生火灾事故且火情无法得到有效控制,将会造成巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。文章结合高压细水雾灭火原理、大型豪华邮轮上的结构及处所特点,研究高压细水雾灭火系统的适用范围、系统设计方案,探讨大型豪华邮轮高压细水雾消防灭火的设计原则,总结得出大型豪华邮轮高压细水雾消防灭火的设计方法。     

舰艇航路规划系统研究

舰艇航路规划日趋复杂,规划过程涉及大量的海洋环境数据,为了有效地利用海洋信息提高航路规划效率,设计了基于ArcGIS平台的舰艇航路规划系统。建立舰艇航路规划空间分析模型数据库,依托ArcGIS平台的空间分析能力解决地理空间中的舰艇航路规划问题。介绍了舰艇航路规划系统的层次结构、组成、数据库以及模块功能,并给出了水下舰艇三维航路规划技术的实现思路和方法。系统可根据航行任务为多型舰艇制定航行计划,有利于提高舰艇航行的安全性和隐蔽性。     

基于实船数据的船舶航速与油耗优化建模

为获得水路运输中船舶的最佳航速,实现燃油效率的最大化,以长江航线货运船的航速、燃油等真实监测数据为基础,提出一种新的船舶航速与油耗优化模型。模型包括白箱模型(White-Box Model,WBM)和黑箱模型(Black-Box Model,BBM)两个部分:WBM由改进后的物理方程和数学公式组成;BBM是BP(Back Propagation)神经网络。两者结合成新的灰箱模型(Grey-Box Model,GBM)。通过分析船舶航行过程中影响船舶燃油消耗的多种因素,确定WBM参数,分别用串联和并联的方式将白箱与BP网络结合构建船舶航速与油耗优化模型,采用牛顿-拉普森迭代算法进行求解。计算结果表明:优化模型可在选定的航段内找到最佳的指导航速,并且模型的R2达到了0.945。此外,将建立的模型与单一的WBM进行对比验证,所建立的船舶航速与油耗优化模型得到的最佳航速更加精确,整体误差也从0.130减小到0.071。     

Ship resistance when operating in floating ice floes: Derivation,validation, and application of an empirical equation

With the effects of global warming, the Arctic is presenting a new environment where numerous ice floes are floating on the open sea surface. Whilst this has improved Arctic shipping navigability in an unprecedented way, the interaction of such floes with ships is yet to be understood to aid the designing of ships and route planning for this region. To further explore this topic, the present work develops a procedure to derive an empirical equation that can predict the effects of such floes on ship resistance. Based on a validated computational approach, extensive data are extracted from simulations of three different ships with varying operational and environmental conditions. The ice-floe resistance is shown to strongly correlate with ship beam, ship buttock angle, ship waterline angle, ship speed, ice concentration, ice thickness and floe diameter, and the regression powers of each of the parameters on resistance are ascertained. This leads to a generic empirical equation that can swiftly predict ice-floe resistance for a given ship in a given condition. Subsequently, demonstrations are given on the incorporation of the derived equation into a set of real-time Arctic ship performance model and voyage planning tool, which can predict a ship's fuel consumption in ice-infested seas and dynamically suggest a route with the least safety concern and fuel consumption. Moreover, the equation is validated by providing ice resistance prediction for experimental and full-scale conditions from multiple sources, showing high accuracy. In conclusion, the empirical equation is shown to give valid and rapid estimates for ice-floe resistance, providing valuable insights into ship designs for the region, as well as facilitating practical applications for polar navigation.     

液压销孔式升降系统结构分析

升降系统是自升式风电安装船的核心设备,其结构稳定性是其平台和桩腿顺利实现升降的保证。本文以某自升式风电安装船的液压销孔式升降系统为研究对象,采用有限元方法建立其部件的结构模型,给出结构分析的载荷及边界条件,并运用有限元分析软件Ansys对各工况下的受力与变形进行求解,对计算结果进行分析和评估。研究结论为升降系统的设计与制造提供了理论指导,并为此类结构受力的设计计算提供参考。     

10kV中压直流电力推进变频器拓扑与控制策略

为了满足10 kV舰船中压直流综合电力推进系统对于高效率、高功率密度中压推进变频器的需求,本文分析了现有多电平拓扑的特性与适应性,提出了两种适用于开绕组多相电机的10kV推进变频器拓扑结构:五电平有源中点箝位(ANPC)/H桥拓扑以及对称混合九电平拓扑。两种拓扑结构使用的悬浮电容和开关器件数量完全相等。本文分析了这两种拓扑的工作原理和调制策略,分别建立了开关函数模型,并得出了母线中点电压和悬浮电容电压在理想情况下均可保持自平衡的结论。分别搭建了这两种拓扑的小功率样机并进行了实验验证。     

Theoretical and numerical analysis of bending behavior of unbonded flexible risers

This paper presents theoretical and numerical study on bending properties of unbonded flexible risers. To capture nonlinearities in layer's sliding, the stress component due to slip-stick behavior is considered and energy conservation principle considering sliding-caused heat consumption is employed in the analytical model. Besides, a finite element model estimating mechanics of unbonded flexible risers' bending is proposed. In the finite element model, couplings between bending moment–curvature and axial stress as well as contact interaction among layers and tendons have been considered. The theoretical and numerical results were validated against the corresponding experimental data in literature and mutually compared in analyzing nonlinear bending behavior of flexible risers. Moreover, the impacts of axisymmetric loads on riser's bending behavior have been further investigated.     

基于Femap的风帆基座局部强度分析

以上海海事大学教学实习船"育明"轮为对象,研究船舶加装风帆装置的船体结构强度问题,通过局部加强风帆基座和船体连接部分来保证风帆安装部位的结构稳定性。利用Solidworks和Femap软件建立了风帆基座和船体的有限元模型,计算得到该模型在10级风载荷下受风角度从0°~60°的应力和应变。最终结果表明,在10级风载荷下,该船风帆基座和局部加强后的船体的强度符合要求。     

Steady sailing performance of a hybrid-sail assisted bulk carrier

The steady sailing performance of a sail-assisted bulk carrier is investigated utilising towing-tank derived hydrodynamic derivatives and wind tunnel measured aerodynamic properties of the sails and the ship. The aerodynamic characteristics investigated include the ship hull at the fully-loaded draught, the sail–sail interaction effects for two sets of four identical hybrid-sails, and the sail–hull interaction effects for the same two sets of identical sails in the presence of the selected bulk carrier hull-form. This is in addition to lift–drag measurements of single isolated sails of each shape. The form of the two sets of soft sails was rectangular and triangular. This paper is concerned with assessing the benefits of a sail-assisted ship operation, and hence a steady-state rather than complete time-domain integrations of the governing equations are reported. The results of the completed analysis suggest that the benefits of the derived sail generated driving force are greater than the overhead of equipping the ship with a selected system of hybrid-sails. Sail-assisted ships could represent an important contribution to an improving global environment by reducing the demands for a driving force through the propeller.