降雨要素对土质边坡稳定性的影响分析

基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论与非饱和土的抗剪强度理论,研究了降雨强度、降雨历时等降雨要素对土质边坡安全系数的影响规律,并且重点对短时强降雨、长时弱降雨2种降雨形式进行了对比分析.结果表明：在饱和渗透系数一定的情况下,安全系数随着降雨强度、降雨历时的增加而不断减小,但在降雨结束后,安全系数又随时间的增长开始增大;短时强降雨下边坡上部土体更容易达到饱和,而长时弱降雨对边坡土体的影响更大,两者的稳定性都大大降低,但长时弱降雨下的滑坡危害程度更大.     

基于FLAC~(3D)的坡顶建筑荷载对边坡稳定性的影响分析

为研究不同坡顶建筑荷载因素对岩质边坡稳定性的影响,根据有限元强度折减法的基本原理,借助岩土工程领域专业的三维有限差分软件FLAC~(3D)建立三维数值模型,并使用软件内置的Solve Fos命令,针对不同荷载大小,荷载位置计算分析岩质边坡稳定安全系数及潜在滑移面的位置变化规律。得出的结论表明:随着坡顶荷载的逐级加大,边坡稳定安全系数逐渐降低,且变化规律符合二次非线性多项式形式;随着荷载位置逐渐向边坡边缘移动,边坡稳定安全系数降低,荷载位置在距坡顶12m范围后,边坡稳定性不再受荷载位置的影响。这些分析结论可为岩质边坡稳定性分析以及滑坡治理提供一定的参考价值。     

降雨条件下非饱和粉质航道岸坡稳定性数值分析

降雨条件下粉质岸坡稳定性问题是工程技术人员面临的重要问题之一。针对苏北某船闸上游引航道护岸粉质土体边坡,建立降雨条件下考虑雨水入渗和坡体塑性变形耦合作用的非饱和粉质土体岸坡稳定性分析数值模型,探讨不同降雨强度下非饱和土质岸坡的饱和度、浸润线、基质吸力、安全系数及坡比等因素对岸坡稳定性的影响规律。结果表明:降雨导致非饱和粉质土体岸坡最危险滑裂面迅速上移,50 mm/d的降雨强度将导致最危险滑裂面平均上移约2. 4 m,每增加10 mm/d降雨量,岸坡浸润线水头升高约50 cm;岸坡安全系数随降雨强度呈线性下降,降雨过程中安全系数下降的幅度随坡比的增大而增大。     

降雨入渗对边坡稳定影响的数值模拟研究

根据粉细砂边坡的饱和一非饱和强度与渗流理论,通过数值模拟方法研究降雨入渗对边坡稳定性的影响。数值模拟结果揭示了对边坡变形和破坏的作用机理,表明降雨是诱发滑坡的关键因素之一;粉细砂边坡在无降雨时基本处于稳定状态,连续性降雨使边坡土体的含水量显著增加,坡脚部位饱和区内的基质吸力减小并出现塑性区,随着降雨历时延长,饱和区逐渐扩展至边坡土体中部,塑性区逐渐扩展直至贯通而发生滑坡;在长期低强度降雨条件下边坡较易发生深层滑动,强降雨时边坡更易发生浅层滑动。该研究提出了降雨条件下边坡的稳定性分析供一般的技术思路,可供边坡失稳预警和滑坡防治参考。     

考虑土体剪胀特性的土质边坡稳定性极限分析

剪胀特性是土体的重要特性之一,然而,经典的塑性力学理论高估了土体的剪胀性质,从而使土体强度背离实际情况。通过等效内摩擦角的方法,对原有的土体抗剪强度进行修正,反映出土体剪胀性对土体强度的影响。通过构建对数螺旋形式的破坏机构,推导出相应的内能耗散和外力功率表达式,结合极限分析理论和强度折减方法,建立边坡安全系数的求解方法。结果表明,该方法的计算结果是合理的。随着剪胀角的不断增大,边坡安全系数增大的速度变慢,这种变化趋势是非线性的。针对不同的土质特性,提出相应的剪胀角取值建议。     

基于非饱和土有限元强度折减法的降雨入渗条件下高边坡施工稳定性分析

根据质量守恒定律推导了非饱和土渗流分析控制方程,采用全隐式向后差分格式求解此类有限元问题;将非饱和土有限元强度折减法应用于某高边坡工程的施工稳定性分析,得到了该边坡在各施工阶段下受到降雨入渗作用影响后的稳定安全系数及其失稳滑动面,并通过与不考虑降雨作用时的情况进行对比得出有益的结论;最后,针对该边坡的施工稳定性分析结果提出了加固建议。     

海滩区淤泥路基强度变化规律及其稳定性研究

通过大量十字板剪切试验、静力触探试验和扁铲侧胀试验,研究了海滩区淤泥抗剪强度的分布规律,发现淤泥路基强度基本随深度增加线性增长,并分析了淤泥路基抗剪强度变化规律对淤泥路基稳定性的影响,揭示了路基稳定性安全系数及滑动面位置随淤泥强度分布的变化规律.     

软弱夹层边坡抗滑稳定分析与抗滑桩桩位选择

结合某枢纽二线船闸深基坑边坡工程,建立概化模型,通过强度折减法分析软弱夹层边坡稳定性,并与规范比较得出边坡须进行加固处理。在对夹层边坡进行抗滑支护时,研究桩位对边坡稳定性的影响,并对不同桩位的抗滑桩内力分布规律进行分析。结果表明：抗滑桩从坡底沿着坡面向坡顶方向布置时,边坡安全系数呈现先增大后减小的变化规律,边坡塑性区塑性应变呈现先减小后增大的变化规律,抗滑桩剪力作用方向反转临界点和弯矩最大值均位于软弱夹层带附近;当抗滑桩位于边坡中部时,边坡安全系数最大,塑性区塑性应变最小,抗滑桩剪力与弯矩达到最大,抗滑效果最佳。     

坡底特殊土层对不排水粘土边坡稳定性的影响

如果非均匀土质边坡的底部出现强度较高的硬土层或岩石层,往往会因其限制了边坡的潜在滑动面而影响边坡稳定。根据边坡稳定性极限分析的上限定理,分析评估不排水条件下粘土边坡的稳定性,当边坡较缓时稳定性指标随着限制深度的减小而增加,当限制深度较大时对边坡稳定性的影响较小。不排水条件下土质边坡的稳定性分析要考虑特殊土层深度的影响,一定深度的特殊土层会限制边坡最危险滑动面的发展,使边坡更稳定。     

基于 FLAC -3D 强度折减法的边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析

通过建立均质土坡模型,利用 FLAC -3D 软件的强度折减法,求解边坡稳定系数,系统地研究了边坡稳定性影响因素的敏感性问题。利用边坡稳定安全系数以及塑性贯通区作为边坡失稳的判据,通过每次改变一个参数变量来确定稳定系数 。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。