半潜浮式风机的动力响应分析

OC4半潜浮式风机综合性能较好，但其浮式基础结构质量和结构复杂性使其建造成本高昂，而WindFloat半潜浮式风机浮式基础具有结构简单、建造成本低和减摇效果好等优点，但是适应水深较小且只适合特定海域。结合OC4和WindFloat半潜浮式风机浮式基础的结构特点，针对200 m水深环境设计OC4-WindFloat半潜浮式风机基础。基于叶素理论、莫里森公式和势流理论，通过有限元软件对OC4-WindFloat半潜浮式风机的固有周期及风浪联合作用下的动态响应进行耦合分析，并与OC4半潜浮式风机结果进行对比研究。结果显示，OC4-WindFloat半潜浮式风机固有周期及动态响应均满足相关规定，且具有比OC4更低的建造成本，相比WindFloat可适用更深的海域。研究结果对于浮式基础型式研究有一定的指导意义。     

半潜型浮式风机运动特征及系泊系统的研究

近年来海上浮式风机的研究备受关注,安全可靠的系泊系统将保证风机在风、浪、流等复杂环境荷载作用下稳定运行,准确合理地描述风机运动将为评估风机发电效率提供支持。以半潜型浮式风机的系泊系统为研究对象,基于经典悬链线理论,采用准静态分析法提出一套系泊系统的设计方法。通过坐标变换,得到风轮真实的俯仰运动用于计算风机的动力效应及评定其发电效率。采用动力法分析了系泊系统锚链的导缆孔位置、预张力大小、锚链间夹角等参数对风机系统发电效率、浮式平台运动性能和系泊锚链张力的影响,得到了浮式平台迎风面俯仰倾角、水平偏移及锚链张力随参数的变化规律,为半潜型浮式风机系泊系统的设计提供了参考。     

10 MW级半潜漂浮式风机的动力响应

选取新型钢筋混凝土结构OO-Star半潜浮式风机平台展开研究,采用ANSYS/AQWA建立半潜浮式基础的水动力数值模型,研究该平台的水动力性能.同时建立水动力-锚泊系统耦合数值模型,开展10MW级大型海上漂浮式风机在风浪作用下的动力响应研究.结果 表明,OO-Star半潜浮式风机平台水动力性能优异,且在不同风浪荷载环境作用下,运动响应以及锚泊系统的张力响应较为合理,未来必将在大型海上漂浮式风机的开发领域占有一席之地.     

海上半潜式浮式风机平台系泊系统对比研究

选取5MW-OC4深水半潜式浮式风机平台为参考模型,利用AQWA软件建立半潜式浮式风机平台模型,在频域范围内计算浮式风机平台运动响应,得到平台幅频响应曲线,以验证数值分析的可靠性。选取3种浮式风机平台系泊系统,对比研究系泊系统改变对浮式风机平台运动响应的影响规律,同时分析极端环境条件下单缆失效对浮式平台运动响应及系泊缆张力的影响。计算结果对浮式风机平台系泊系统的优化设计有一定的参考意义。     

半潜漂浮式风机稳性数值分析

针对半潜浮式风机稳性分析的特殊性,借鉴传统半潜海工平台设计经验,结合海上浮式风机结构高耸性特点,参考稳性相关规范,提出一种半潜浮式风机稳性分析方法,应用稳性分析专业软件NAPA,数值仿真计算半潜浮式风机的完整稳性和破损稳性,结果表明,浮式风机在各典型工况下不会发生倾覆或沉没,满足风机稳性安全及正常运行发电要求。     

新型半潜式浮式风机在不同流速下的动力响应特性研究

本文提出一种适用于50～120 m水深的新型半潜式浮式风机，用频域法研究浮式平台的水动力特性，通过建立风机-塔筒-浮式平台-系泊系统全耦合分析模型，考虑二阶差频波浪力作用，对其开展风、浪、流联合作用下的时域分析，重点分析不同流速条件下新型半潜式浮式风机耦合动力响应特性。分析结果表明：新型半潜式浮式风机结构设计合理，其固有周期能较好地避开波浪能量密集的周期范围，有效避免了共振发生；风浪条件一定的情况下，流速增大将使新型半潜式浮式风机的最大纵荡响应和锚链拉力显著增大，但对纵摇和艏摇响应有一定程度的抑制作用。流速变化对基础垂荡运动和发电功率影响较小。     

半潜浮式风机基础设计方法

考虑半潜浮式风机应用海域水深较浅而气动载荷较大的特殊性和浮式风机控制策略复杂的特点,参考海上浮体相关设计规范,综合考虑风机整体的安全性、功能性、经济性因素,探讨半潜浮式风机基础平台设计的关键技术。     

浮式风机限制性耦合与全耦合数值计算

浮式风机上部风机与下部浮式平台通常是由不同的设计单位设计的，因此在进行浮式平台设计时无法获得上部风机参数，进而无法对浮式风机的水动力性能进行全耦合数值计算分析。为此，以OC3-Spar和OC4-Semi两种浮式风机为研究对象，通过在其不同位置施加不同等效载荷，设计不同的限制性耦合方式。在工作海况下对浮式风机进行限制性耦合计算，实现对浮式风机水动力性能的研究，并将所得结果与全耦合方式的计算结果进行对比。结果表明，在轮毂中心处施加风机等效推力对于单柱式和半潜式浮式风机而言均是最优限制性耦合方式。当采用该方式时，工作海况下2种浮式风机的时域结果均与全耦合计算结果具有较高的吻合度，响应谱频率分布与全耦合结果基本一致，但幅值均相差较大。     

塔柱和风机位置对半潜式浮式风机系统动力性能的影响研究

研究塔柱和风机布置位置对半潜式浮式风机系统动力性能的影响。以OC4-deepCwind浮式风机参数为例,将塔柱和风机分别布置在半潜式浮式基础的中心和其三角形浮筒上,建立浮式风机系统动力学模型,计算不同工况下系统的动力响应。结果表明,塔柱和风机由基础中心调到其浮筒上后,浮式基础运动、机舱加速度、叶片气动力及系缆力的平均值变化不大,标准差有显著的增加;特别在极限工况,机舱X向加速度、叶片气动力的标准差增加近1倍,首摇超过5°,1号缆受力的标准差增加约30%。实际设计中,综合考虑浮式风机系统动力性能、安装和运输过程的便利性及结构强度等设计塔柱和风机位置。     

适于深水作业的新型海洋石油平台

本文介绍了一种新概念浮式结构物——浮式塔(FT)。浮式塔的基本设计模型是一具有软张力腿的浮式结构物。本文分析了环境条件对于浮式塔动力响应的影响，并将浮式塔、柱型平台和半潜式平台进行了比较。研究结果表明，浮式塔的耐波性能非常良好，在任何情况下其最大垂荡、纵荡和纵摇幅度都明显小于柱型平台，特别适于在深水中进行生产、储存和卸载。     

Semi-submersible wind turbine hull shape design for a favorable system response behavior

Floating offshore wind turbines are a novel technology, which has reached, with the first wind farm in operation, an advanced state of development. The question of how floating wind systems can be optimized to operate smoothly in harsh wind and wave conditions is the subject of the present work. An integrated optimization was conducted, where the hull shape of a semi-submersible, as well as the wind turbine controller were varied with the goal of finding a cost-efficient design, which does not respond to wind and wave excitations, resulting in small structural fatigue and extreme loads.The optimum design was found to have a remarkably low tower-base fatigue load response and small rotor fore-aft amplitudes. Further investigations showed that the reason for the good dynamic behavior is a particularly favorable response to first-order wave loads: The floating wind turbine rotates in pitch-direction about a point close to the rotor hub and the rotor fore-aft motion is almost unaffected by the wave excitation. As a result, the power production and the blade loads are not influenced by the waves. A comparable effect was so far known for Tension Leg Platforms but not for semi-submersible wind turbines. The methodology builds on a low-order simulation model, coupled to a parametric panel code model, a detailed viscous drag model and an individually tuned blade pitch controller. The results are confirmed by the higher-fidelity model FAST. A new indicator to express the optimal behavior through a single design criterion has been developed.     

浮式海上风力机运动性能和锚泊系统(英文)

The development of offshore wind farms was originally carried out in shallow water areas with fixed(seabed mounted) structures.However,countries with limited shallow water areas require innovative floating platforms to deploy wind turbines offshore in order to harness wind energy to generate electricity in deep seas.The performances of motion and mooring system dynamics are vital to designing a cost effective and durable floating platform.This paper describes a numerical model to simulate dynamic behavior of a new semi-submersible type floating offshore wind turbine(FOWT) system.The wind turbine was modeled as a wind block with a certain thrust coefficient,and the hydrodynamics and mooring system dynamics of the platform were calculated by SESAM software.The effect of change in environmental conditions on the dynamic response of the system under wave and wind loading was examined.The results indicate that the semi-submersible concept has excellent performance and SESAM could be an effective tool for floating wind turbine design and analysis.     

Methodology for global structural load effect analysis of the semi-submersible hull of floating wind turbines under still water,wind, and wave loads

In designing the support structures of floating wind turbines (FWTs), a key challenge is to determine the load effects (at the cross-sectional load and stress level). This is because FWTs are subjected to complex global, local, static, and dynamic loads in stochastic environmental conditions. Up to now, most of the studies of FWTs have focused on the dynamic motion characteristics of FWTs, while minimal research has touched upon the internal load effects of the support structure. However, a good understanding of the structural load effects is essential since it is the basis for achieving a good design. Motivated by the situation, this study deals with the global load effect analysis for FWT support structures. A semi-submersible hull of a 10-MW FWT is used in the case study. A novel analysis method is employed to obtain the time-domain internal load effects of the floater, which account for the static and dynamic global loads under the still water, wind, and wave loads and associated motions. The investigation of the internal stresses resulting from various global loads under operational and parked conditions and the dynamic behavior of the structural load effects in various environmental conditions are made. The dominating load components for structural responses of the semi-submersible floater and the significant dynamic characteristics under different wind and wave conditions are identified. The dynamic load effects of the floating support structure are investigated by considering the influence of the second-order wave loads, viscous drag loads induced global motions, and wind and wave misalignments. The main results are discussed, and the main findings are summarized. The insights gained provide a basis for improving the design and analysis of FWT support structures.     

Motion response prediction by hybrid panel-stick models for a semi-submersible with bracings

A diffraction-radiation analysis is usually required when the hydrodynamic interactions between structural members occur in short waves. For bracings or small cylindrical members, which play important roles in the vicinity of the natural frequency of a floating platform, special care should be taken into account for the effect of viscous damping. Two hybrid panel-stick models are, therefore, developed, through the combination of the standard diffraction-radiation method and the Morison’s formulae, considering the effect of small members differently. The fluid velocity is obtained directly by the panel model. The viscous fluid force is calculated for individual members by the stick model. A semi-submersible type platform with a number of fine cylindrical structures, which is designed as a floating foundation for multiple wind turbines, is analyzed as a numerical example. The results show that viscous force has significant influence on the hydrodynamic behavior of the floating body and can successfully be considered by the proposed hybrid models.     

气动载荷对半潜式海上风机运动响应的影响分析

以DeepCwind海上风机为研究对象,利用有限元软件ANSYS AQWA进行风机频域水动力数值仿真分析,得到水动力参数以及幅频响应曲线,将得到的水动力参数导入到FAST软件中,对风机气动-水动-锚泊系统的时域耦合运动分析。在此基础上,讨论了气动载荷对于半潜式风机运动响应的影响。结果表明,气动载荷对于半潜式风机运动响应的影响较大且不可忽略,横摇,横荡以及首摇运动随着气动载荷的增大而增大,垂荡运动随着气动载荷的增大而减小,风作用在叶片上所产生的气动阻尼削弱了垂荡运动,增强了横荡、横摇和首摇运动。     

深水半潜式钻井平台码头抗台风系泊计算分析

深水半潜式钻井平台在码头舾装的周期较长,为确保安全,需对其码头系泊系统进行计算,以得到合理的系泊布置方式。以某深水半潜式钻井平台的码头系泊系统为例,进行风、流载荷共同作用下的抗台风系泊计算分析,建立了多浮体混合带缆系泊系统。     

碰撞事故时超大型浮体模块连接处荷载特性研究

精确评估模块连接处荷载特性对超大型浮体的水动力设计及结构安全性研究具有重要的工程意义。文章以5模块半潜式超大型浮体为研究对象,考虑碰撞荷载和风、浪、流环境荷载的联合作用并采用AQWA软件对超大型浮体模块连接点处的受力特性开展了数值计算。船舶碰撞荷载简化为矩形脉冲,采用定常风、定常流以及JONSWAP波谱,探讨了船舶碰撞角度、撞击位置、环境荷载等因素对模块连接点受力特性的影响。该文的研究成果可为事故荷载作用时超大型浮体连接器结构设计和强度计算提供一定依据。