复杂非金属减震结构的建模与等效研究

针对减震系统中复杂非金属减震结构数值分析和等效处理的需求,利用有限元方法对预弯柱体非金属减震器进行建模和分析,获得了与实验测试吻合良好的计算结果。在此基础上,提出一种利用实物实验或数值实验数据等效复杂非金属减震结构的等效模型处理方法。该方法利用三维实体结构等效复杂非金属减震器外形和连接关系,以实际减震器的单轴压缩实验和应力松弛实验数据获得等效模型的超弹和粘弹材料参数。实例分析表明,基于三维实体结构的等效模型能够有效表征实际减震器在复杂减震系统中的连接关系,并在主工作方向上有效模拟实际减震结构的力学响应特性。     

复合材料螺栓连接结构数值模拟研究

在实际工程中,复合材料结构连接方式常采用机械连接形式(螺栓或铆钉)来连结复合材料构件和金属构件,而其中尤以螺栓连接更为常见.如何运用有限元软件模拟螺栓连接结构是仿真计算的关键.本文采用ANSYS软件,建立了复合材料螺栓连接结构的三维有限元模型,采用不同的边界处理方法对该结构进行数值模拟,得到复合材料螺栓孔处的载荷,并将数值计算结果与试验数据比较,探求出了该结构螺栓孔处载荷数值模拟方法.采用接触+耦合的边界处理方式不仅能较准确的模拟复合材料螺栓连接结构,而且计算时间远小于完全采用接触时的计算时间,大大提高了工作效率.     

基于Rhinoceros平台的FLAC3D复杂三维边坡建模技术研究

FLAC3D作为较为常用的数值模拟软件,对于复杂三维地质体模型的建立一直是它的短板。因此,提出以Rhinoceros软件为过渡平台,通过对等高线图三维坐标的提取、转换,在Nurbs曲线插值处理条件下,并将Rhinoceros输出的数据经由FLAC3D6.0内置建模处理和命令流加载,实现复杂三维地质体模型的构建。结果表明,模型与实际地形、地质结构等吻合度极高,同时增强了模型可靠性。     

应用FastCAM软件的船舶三维可视化模型构建

针对当前船舶三维可视化模型,由于计算机软件的局限性,导致船舶绘制过程中出现CAD零件图编辑处理效率和代码转换效率低的问题,提出了应用FastCAM软件的船舶三维可视化模型构建研究。利用STEP数据交换标准,管理船舶数据及其关系,设置船舶三维可视化模型输入数据,应用FastCAM软件,清除与压缩船舶绘制DXF/DWG文件,自动编程船舶轮廓并转换编程代码,桥接多个零件实现连续切割。叠加未变形网格图和变形网格图,三维可视化显示船舶位移里程与数据滤波,实现船舶三维可视化模型构建。实验结果表明,与当前模型相比,构建模型的CAD零件图编辑处理效率和代码转换效率数值较大,能够有效提高CAD零件图编辑处理和代码转换效率。     

海上风机单桩结构灌浆连接段试验有限元模拟

灌浆连接段是海上风机单桩支撑结构的重要组成部分.简单回顾单桩结构灌浆连接段试件的四点弯曲疲劳试验和疲劳后轴压试验,并针对试验中的典型试件进行非线性有限元数值模拟.建立灌浆连接段的三维实体单元模型,考虑灌浆材料与钢管的接触,并采用混凝土塑性损伤(Concrete Damage Plasticity,CDP)模型模拟灌浆材...     

深潜器等厚导管螺旋桨敞水性能计算分析

文章利用三维设计软件系统SolidWorks对No.37 Ka4-70导管螺旋桨进行了三维实体建模,并对某深潜器使用的No.37导管外形进行了等厚处理。利用计算流体力学软件Fluent对两组导管螺旋桨模型进行了敞水数值模拟,得到了导管螺旋桨的推力,扭矩及其效率,并与图谱数据对比,证明了文章数值方法的有效性。比较数据分析了No.37导管等厚变化对ROV推进性能的影响,总结了No.37 Ka4-70等厚导管螺旋桨的优缺点。     

一种基于板架模型的三体船连接桥结构瞬态砰击响应的分析方法

三体船连接桥的砰击问题一直是水动力领域的难点问题.为有效减少砰击载荷作用下动态响应峰值的计算量,本文基于板架模型,提出一种借助等效静力系数的三体船连接桥结构的砰击响应分析方法.首先,通过对三维板架结构进行入水砰击的结构瞬态响应分析,将直接积分法和模态叠加法两种方法进行比较分析,选取更合适的方法进行动力响应计算;其次,通过改变计算参数,分析了边界条件和时间效应对板架应力峰值和等效静力系数的影响;最后,与三体船分段模型的计算结果进行对比,验证了借助简化模型得到等效静力系数法的可行性.本文的计算结果及相关结论能够为后续准确分析连接桥局部结构的砰击响应、合理关注连接桥的高应力位置及屈服强度的评估提供参考.     

基于三维CAD模型的复杂艏、艉船型曲面快速光顺方法及实现

利用船舶型值和复杂艏、艉特征参数等数据,结合三维CAD设计软件进行初步建模,提出一种基于三维CAD软件模型的复杂艏、艉船型曲面快速光顺方法,实现复杂艏、艉船型曲面的快速三向光顺。利用生成的光顺仿真模型和曲面求交算法,获得艏、艉部位任意型值点数据。该方法将拼接和光顺处理分为三个阶段来实现,即曲面重建、G1光顺拼接、曲面微调3个阶段。相较于三维CAD软件中基于单个控制点调整的曲面拼接光顺方法,该方法能够大幅提高曲面拼接与光顺的处理效率,同时曲面的内在连续性和型值点数据精度也得到了保证。     

预测船体分段焊接变形方法概述

船体分段在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使船体结构强度降低,精确预测和控制焊接变形是现代造船工艺的要求.焊接变形分析方法包括实验法、解析法、数值分析法、等效载荷法等,常用的是后两种方法.数值分析法采用热弹-塑性有限元模型精确模拟焊接现象,但计算工作量大;等效载荷法计算焊接区域的固有应变,并将其转化为等效载荷,进而应用弹性有限元分析求得整个结构的焊接变形.     

3D打印技术船舶三维建模设计

受到船舶结构数据测量与转换误差的影响,导致船舶三维模型存在完整性低、建模周期长的问题,为此利用3D打印技术建立船舶三维模型。首先测量船体结构的三维数据,并根据测量结果划分船舶结构。参数化计算组成船舶组件,利用3D打印技术生成船舶组件模型,并降低船舶结构模型误差。按照船舶组成结构连接各个组件,得出船舶三维建模结果。通过与传统建模方法的对比,设计方法得出三维模型的完整度提高了19.72,且建模周期有所缩短。     

深厚软土地基上插入式钢圆筒的结构稳定性

结合港珠澳大桥岛隧工程东人工岛工程实例,基于 PLAXIS 3D 有限元软件计算平台,利用可同时考虑剪切硬化和压缩硬化的土体弹塑性本构模型 Hardening-soil model,对深插式大直径钢圆筒岛壁结构三维数值计算展开研究,分析施工全过程中各控制工况下钢圆筒的变位情况,并与二维理论计算和现场实测位移相验证,探讨深厚软黏土地基上大圆筒结构的变形与稳定特性。结果表明,三维数值模拟钢圆筒位移和实测位移相近,两者均大于二维平面等效计算位移值;当钢圆筒有足够的直径和埋深时,即使其插入深厚软黏土地基,水平和竖向变位均较大,但是其结构稳定性也较好。分析成果对类似工程以及大直径钢圆筒结构在软土地基上的推广应用具有一定的参考意义。     

采用ANSYS分析斜顶桩驳岸结构的桩土相互作用

斜顶桩板桩驳岸结构是一种深水高桩码头接岸结构型式,驳岸结构与填土相互作用是一个被动桩与土相互作用问题。某深水港采用了斜顶桩驳岸结构,码头区为软土地基,土体的强度低、压缩性大,后方填土将作用于驳岸结构较大的土压力,其变形过程相当复杂。文章探讨了桩土相互作用的数值模拟方法,采用ANSYS有限元软件建立了驳岸结构与土相互作用的数值计算模型,并进行了填土过程的仿真分析,将侧向位移计算结果与原型观测值进行比较分析,在数值上和变化趋势上基本相似。     

提高电流放大器电流响应速度的研究

提出采用超前校正和负反馈校正提高电流放大器输出电流响应速度方法。分析了电流放大器结构和采用输出电流反馈的工作原理，指出感性负载的时间常数是影响电流响应速度的主要因素。研究采用超前校正和负反馈校正减小负载等效时间常数的基本原理。建立了电流放大器的仿真模型，采用DSP和智能功率模块（IPM）搭建了H桥式电流放大器及其控制电路和控制软件。阶跃指令和复合指令的仿真和试验表明，两种方法均提高了输出电流的响应速度，满足快速跟随电流指令要求。     

Load-bearing characteristics of marine complex sandwich composites considering unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression

The panel and core materials of sandwich composite usually have the characteristics of unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression. However, in the numerical calculation of sandwich composite, it is usually considered as the material with the same tensile modulus or compression modulus, which often leads to larger calculation errors. The test results show that when the elastic modulus of tension and compression is about 10 times different, the maximum calculated stress and maximum deflection will be more than twice different. In view of the complexity of sandwich composite structure, based on the bi-modulus model of laminated plates, a simplified theoretical formula and numerical calculation method are proposed for bi-modulus sandwich composite structures in this paper. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed numerical calculation method of bi-module is verified by the experimental study of composite single-layer plate structure and sandwich composite cabin structure. The results show that the error between the improved numerical calculation method and the experimental measurement results is basically within 6%. Meanwhile, the numerical method based on field variables has wide application range and high convergence, and can be used to calculate complex marine composite structures.     

Second-order wave run-up on a vertical cylinder adjacent to a plane wall based on the application of quadratic transfer function in bi-directional waves

A numerical model was developed in this study to simulate the wave diffraction caused by an arbitrarily shaped structure in the presence of bi-directional incident waves based on a higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM). Based on the developed model, the wave elevation quadratic transfer function (QTF) in bi-directional waves, which is defined as the second-order wave elevation caused by two incident waves of unit amplitude from two directions, can be determined. The developed model was subsequently used to investigate the wave interaction with a cylinder situated near a vertical wall. The image principle was applied to transform the original problem into an equivalent one of wave diffraction caused by two symmetrical cylinders in open seas exposed to bi-directional incident waves. The second-order wave run-up on the cylinder can then be determined using the wave elevation QTF obtained from an analysis of the equivalent problem. A detailed numerical analysis was then conducted. Numerical results revealed that the presence of the vertical wall can apparently disturb the wave diffraction process from the cylinder, and lead to significantly amplified second-order wave elevation within the region between the wall and cylinder. In addition, the respective contribution from the first- and second-order components to the overall wave elevation around the cylinder was discussed.     

Research on numerical welding experiment of a thick spherical shell structure

In this paper, in order to predict the residual deformation of thick spherical structure, a welding program is compiled in APDL language based on Ansys and a numerical welding experiment of a welding example is carried out. The temperature field of welding was simulated firstly, then a thermal-structure coupling analysis was carried out, and at last the residual stress and deformation after welding were got. After that, the numerical experiment result was compared with physical experiment one. The comparative analysis shows that the numerical simulation fits well with physical experiment. On the basis of that, a three-dimensional numerical experiment of a thick spherical shell structure was carried out to get the changing rule of stress and deformation of a thick spherical shell structure during welding. The research is of great value to the prediction of residual deformation and high precision machining.     

船体分段焊接变形仿真

船体分段在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使船体结构强度降低,然而精确预测和控制焊接变形是个难题.文章提供了准确预测焊接变形的固有应变等效载荷法.这种方法运用有限元法结合固有应变理论以及实验结果对焊接变形进行分析:引入简化的弹-塑性分析杆-弹簧模型,通过分析得到固有应变受焊接区域约束度及最高温度分布情况的影响;将固有应变转化为等效载荷,应用弹性有限元分析求得整个结构的焊接变形.计算结果与LEECH计算及实验结果吻合较好.     

钛合金Ti-6Al-4V ELI厚板多层多道焊试验与数值模拟

对2块厚度为24mm的Ti-6Al-4VELI厚板进行夹角为171.98°的多层TIG焊接试验,基于SYSWELD软件平台,在焊板两端完全刚性固定的装夹条件下数值模拟计算焊接温度场、应力场和焊接引起的变形.计算结果表明,焊接温度场的变化规律符合实际,焊缝区的拉伸残余应力最大,热影响区的压缩残余应力较大.焊接数值模拟得到的残余应力场与试验测量值能较好地吻合,验证了数值模拟模型的准确性.该数值模拟方法可应用到大深度Ti-6Al-4VELI载人舱强度计算中的焊缝残余应力模拟中.     

Experimental and numerical investigations on vibration characteristics of a loaded ship model

In this paper, vibration characteristics of the structure in the finite fluid domain are analyzed using a coupled finite element method. The added mass matrix is calculated with finite element method (FEM) by 8-node acoustic fluid elements. Vibration characteristics of the structure in finite fluid domain are calculated combining structure FEM mass matrix. By writing the relevant programs, numerical analysis on vibration characteristics of a submerged cantilever rectangular plate in finite fluid domain and loaded ship model is performed. A modal identification experiment for the loaded ship model in air and in water is conducted and the experiment results verify the reliability of the numerical analysis. The numerical method can be used for further research on vibration characteristics and acoustic radiation problems of the structure in the finite fluid domain.     

加载船模振动特性的数值与实验研究（英文）

In this paper, the vibration characteristics of the structure in the finite fluid domain are analyzed using a coupled finite element method. The added mass matrix is calculated with finite element method(FEM) by 8-node acoustic fluid elements. The vibration characteristics of the structure in the finite fluid domain are calculated combining structure FEM mass matrix. By writing relevant programs, the numerical analysis on vibration characteristics of a submerged cantilever rectangular plate in finite fluid domain and loaded ship model is performed. A modal identification experiment for the loaded ship model in air and in water is conducted and the experiment results verify the reliability of the numerical analysis. The numerical method can be used for further research on vibration characteristics and acoustic radiation problems of the structure in the finite fluid domain.