STATIC CORRECTION MODES IN DYNAMICAL SIMULATION OF FLEXIBLE MULTIBODY SYSTEM WITH CLOSED LOOPS

ＳＴＡＴＩＣＣＯＲＲＥＣＴＩＯＮＭＯＤＥＳＩＮＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＦＬＥＸＩＢＬＥＭＵＬＴＩＢＯＤＹＳＹＳＴＥＭＷＩＴＨＣＬＯＳＥＤＬＯＯＰＳ＊ＹｕＱｉｎｇ（于清）ＨｏｎｇＪｉａｚｈｅｎ（洪嘉振）（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ...     

Regularization Method to the Parameter Identification of Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient and Properties during Casting Solidification

The accurate material physical properties, initial and boundary conditions are indispensable to the numerical simulation in the casting process, and they are related to the simulation accuracy directly. The inverse heat conduction method can be used to identify the mentioned above parameters based on the temperature measurement data. This paper presented a new inverse method according to Tikhonov regularization theory. A regularization functional was established and the regularization parameter was deduced, the Newton-Raphson iteration method was used to solve the equations. One detailed case was solved to identify the thermal conductivity and specific heat of sand mold and interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) at the meantime. This indicates that the regularization method is very efficient in decreasing the sensitivity to the temperature measurement data, overcoming the ill-posedness of the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) and improving the stability and accuracy of the results. As a general inverse method, it can be used to identify not only the material physical properties but also the initial and boundary conditions' parameters.     

Substructuring technique for dynamics analysis of flexible beams with large deformation

In this paper, the substructuring technique is extended for the dynamics simulation of flexible beams with large deformation. The dynamics equation of a spatial straight beam undergoing large displacement and small deformation is deduced by using the Jourdain variation principle and the model synthesis method. The longitudinal shortening effect due to the transversal deformation is taken into consideration in the dynamics equation. In this way, the geometric stiffening effect, which is also called stress stiffening effect, is accounted for in the dynamics equation. The transfer equation of the flexible beam is obtained by assembling the dynamics equation and the kinematic relationship between the two connection points of the flexible beam. Treating a flexible beam with small deformation as a substructure, one can solve the dynamics of a flexible beam with large deformation by using the substructuring technique and the transfer matrix method. The dynamics simulation of a flexible beam with large deformation is carried out by using the proposed approach and the results are verified by comparing with those obtained from Abaqus software.     

Dynamic model of underwater snake-like robot using Kane’s method

In this paper, a dynamic model for an underwater snake-like robot is developed based on Kane＇s dynamic equations. This methodology allows construction of the dynamic model simply and incrementally. The partial velocity is deduced. The forces which contribute to dynamics are determined by Kane＇s approach. The generalized active forces and the generalized inertia forces are deduced. The model developed in this paper includes inertia force, inertia moment, gravity, control torques, and three major hydrodynamic forces： added mass, profile drag and buoyancy. The equations of hydrodynamic forces are deduced. Kane＇s method provides a direct approach for incorporating external environmental forces into the model. The dynamic model developed in this paper is obtained in a closed form which is well suited for control purposes. It is also computationally efficient and has physical insight into what forces really influence the system dynamics. The simulation result shows that the proposed method is feasible.     

Petal failure characteristics of a conical projectile penetrating a thin plate at high oblique angle

In order to determine the impact depth of a conical projectile impacting a thin plate at high oblique angle, the residual velocity of the projectile after penetrating must be known. Based on the petal failure mode of the conical projectile impacting the thin plate at high oblique angle, the energy consumption mode of the target was determined. During the perforation process, the energy consumption of the target was completed by the saucerization, the power work of the petals, the propagation of radial cracks and petal bending. The energy formula was deduced for each energy dissipation mode and the energy consumed in the impact process was determined. The residual velocity and the ballistic limit velocity of the projectile were deduced by energy conservation principle. Comparison of the analytical results of the residual velocity to the numerical results demonstrates the accuracy and reliability of the analytical formula.     

Rigid-liquid-flexible dynamic formulation for a two-dimensional tank undergoing translational and rotational motion

Considering rigid-liquid-flexible coupling effect, dynamic formulation for a two-dimensional rectangular tank with liquid sloshing connected to a flexible beam is proposed. Differing from the traditional formulation which considered either the rotational motion or the translational motion of the tank, this formulation can be applied for rigid-liquid-flexible coupling dynamic analysis of tank undergoing translational and rotational motion based on the theorem of momentum and the theorem of moment of momentum. Furthermore, stiffening terms are included in the dynamics equations of the flexible beam. Firstly, the dynamic equations of the rigid-liquid coupling system and the flexible beam are derived, respectively, and then by introducing the Lagrange-multipliers, the rigid-liquid-flexible coupling equations can be combined with acceleration constraint equations. Finally, the mix differential-algebraic equations are solved to investigate the rigid-liquid-flexible coupling dynamic performance of the system.     

基于传递矩阵法的车辆振动特性分析

针对车辆系统的振动特性,建立一种柔性车体动力学模型,根据车辆结构的局部相似性,将车辆系统划分为多个子结构,利用拉普拉斯变换推演了子系统的传递矩阵,并且将其应用于整个车辆系统.应用传递矩阵比较分析了车辆系统的振动模态和简谐激励响应,结合拉普拉斯逆变换分析了轨道不平顺度引起的时域随机振动响应.结果表明,传递矩阵法分析车辆系统动态特性具有较好的精确性,车体加速度随车辆运行速度增加而增大;而且传递矩阵法有利于简化模型,减少计算量.     

汽车高速行驶操纵性柔性多体动力学预测方法

为了评价、鉴定汽车在高速公路上高速行驶时的操纵性,运用柔性多体系统动力学方法,建立了基于ADAMS软件平台的整车刚柔耦合多体系统操纵动力学仿真分析模型.对模型中柔性体,应用有限元分析软件ANSYS进行模态分析,利用ADAMS/Flex模块,将模态变形融入柔性多体系统的运动学、动力学仿真中.通过“转向盘中间位置的仿真“,得到了转向盘力输入的主要评价指标值,仿真计算与实测结果最大误差在10%以内.因此,在汽车设计阶段,可以利用柔性多体模型较准确地预测汽车在高速公路上高速行驶时的操纵性,并可替代实车测量方法.     

Primary Research on Real-Time Fault Diagnosis Platform for Fuel Tank System of an Aircraft

Sub-tanks in fuel tank systems of aircrafts transfer fuel to engines in certain order. These sub-tanks and attached tank-accessories affect each other, and make fault diagnosis in such systems rather difficult. Without real measured data, this paper analyzes fault modes and fault effects of the fuel tank system, including its tankaccessories, of a given aircraft. Fault model of the system is built theoretically, and fault diagnosis criteria are deduced. Such criteria are then quantified to train a back propagation neural network(BPNN) as fault diagnosis model. To realize fault diagnosis of the real fuel tank system, a real-time fault diagnosis platform based on Lab View and Vx Works to perform this diagnosis method is discussed. This platform is a technical groundwork for fault diagnosis in real fuel tank systems.     

A new hybrid reliability index definition and its application to the structure buckling reliability analysis of supercavitating projectiles

As structure buckling problems easily arise when supercavitating projectiles operate with high underwater velocity, it is necessary to perform structure buckling reliability analysis. Now it is widely known that probabilistic and non-probabilistic uncertain information exists in engineering analysis. Based on reliability comprehensive index of multi-ellipsoid convex set, probabilistic uncertain information is added and transferred into non-probabilistic interval variable. The hybrid reliability is calculated by a combined method of modified limit step length iteration algorithm(MLSLIA) and Monte-Carlo method. The results of engineering examples show that the convergence of MLSLIA is better than that of limit step length iteration algorithm(LSLIA). Structure buckling hybrid reliability increases with the increase of ratio of base diameter to cavitator diameter, and decreases with the increase of initial launch velocity. Also the changes of uncertain degree of projectile velocity and cavitator drag coefficient affect structure buckling hybrid reliability index obviously. Therefore, uncertain degree of projectile velocity and cavitator drag coefficient should be controlled in project for high structure buckling reliability.     

车辆-轨道系统耦合高频振动的研究

车辆-轨道垂向耦合振动是车辆-轨道耦合动力学主要研究课题.建立了车辆-轨道垂向耦合Timoshenko梁高频振动模型,运用快速积分方法编制仿真程序,对扁疤激励情况下的轮轨垂向高频振动进行系统仿真与分析,并与Eu ler梁模型仿真结果进行比较.结果表明,车辆速度与车轮扁疤的长度对轮轨系统振动有很大的影响;在高频情况下,进行振动与噪声的研究时,建议使用Timoshenko梁模型.     

Integrated fluid-thermal-structural numerical analysis for the quenching of metallic components

The quenching of a metal component with a channel section in a water tank is numerically simulated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to model the multiphase flow and the heat transfer in film boiling, nucleate boiling and convective cooling processes to calculate the difference in heat transfer rate around the component and then combining with the thermal simulation and structure analysis of the component to study the effect of heat transfer rate on the distortion of the U-channel component. A model is also established to calculate the residual stress produced by quenching. The coupling fluid-thermal-structural simulation provides an insight into the deformation of the component and can be used to perform parameter analysis to reduce the distortion of the component.     

考虑二阶效应梁柱瞬态分析的传递矩阵法

压弯构件承受较大轴力时,其表现出的明显的二阶效应直接影响结构刚度及动力特性,为计算计及二阶效应的梁柱结构的瞬态响应,提出了一种传递矩阵方法.该方法采用Newmark-β法,对考虑二阶效应的Euler-Bernoulli梁的动力偏微分方程进行时域离散,将其变换为常微分方程,并利用常数变易法对微分方程进行求解,得到位移增量在连续空间内的解析解.结合传递矩阵法的基本原理,推导了离散时间瞬态分析的增量传递矩阵格式,给出了计及二阶效应的梁柱结构瞬态响应的计算方法.算例计算结果表明,在计算精度相同的情况下,所提出的方法的计算效率是ANSYS的3.57倍,并可方便地对移动荷载作用下结构的动力响应进行求解.      

非高斯AR序列参数的加权最小二乘估计

加权最小二乘估计是一种兼具精度与速度的非高斯自回归序列参数估计的优秀算法.使用混合高斯自回归模型描述估计问题之后,又从最大似然估计非线性方程组出发导出了与之近似的加权最小二乘估计线性方程组,并分析了加权函数的性质,给出了具体的两步实现算法.探讨了加权函数获得与激励方差估计2个细节问题,给出了一组实例.     

特种车辆系统动力学特性模拟分析

基于弹性体原理,详细分析了一种特种车辆——凹底平车中大底架的弹性振动特性.将多体系统动力学理论与有限元理论相结合,在对车辆系统中各种因素合理分析的基础上,正确引入大底架的弹性振动特性,构建了凹底平车刚柔耦合多体系统动力学模型,计算分析了车辆系统的动力学特性,进而得到了运行速度和车辆上所关心参数对车辆系统动力学响应的影响,并与实测结果做了系统比较.结果表明,在选定的计算点,该车辆系统动力学响应计算值与试验值的最大误差仅为3.84%,在工程允许范围内.此种分析方法能减小车辆系统的模拟计算规模,提高计算速度,同时又能保证计算的准确性,能满足车辆系统动力学特性分析的需要.     

铁路轨道几何参数捷联惯性测量基准的建立

为建立高精度铁路轨道几何参数的测量基准,针对传统陀螺稳定平台的不足,研究了基于捷联惯性技术的轨道几何参数测量基准的建立方法.通过分析轨道超高的基本测量原理,指出高精度姿态矩阵的解算是基于捷联惯性技术建立轨道几何参数测量基准的关键.为此,根据刚体运动学理论,建立了列车运动姿态、位置和速度微分方程;采用基于旋转矢量和四元数的方法分析了姿态矩阵解算中姿态、位置和速度的计算问题;采用多子样算法对姿态计算中的“圆锥误差”、速度计算中的“划桨误差”进行了补偿.仿真结果表明,基于多子样算法的捷联惯性基准建立方法能有效减小惯性测量系统随时间累积的计算误差,显著提高系统的精度.     

环板式针摆行星传动非线性动力学模型与方程

以环板式针摆行星传动为研究对象,建立了考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙、误差等因素的齿轮传动系统的非线性动力学模型,推导了系统的运动微分方程.针对系统微分方程的半正定、变参数和非线性的特点,采用以齿轮副相对啮合位移为系统的广义坐标,将线性与非线性回复力共存的方程组转化为统一的矩阵形式,并对方程进行无量纲处理,为后续的微分方程的求解做准备.     

基于加速度计的无陀螺捷联惯性制导系统设计

针对舰炮武器系统射击精度低的问题,研究了适宜在炮弹中应用的基于微加速度计的无陀螺捷联惯性制导系统.采用三种方法对载体的角速度进行解算并分析了各种方法的利弊,提供了载体运动参数解算模型,通过仿真计算验证无陀螺方案的可行性,为惯性制导炮弹的发展提供了参考.     

Numerical Solution for Stiff Dynamic Equations of Flexible Multibody System

A nonlinear numerical integration method, based on forward and backward Euler integration methods, is proposed for solving the stiff dynamic equations of a flexible multibody system, which are transformed from the second order to the first order by adop- ring state variables. This method is of A0 stability and infinity stability. The numerical solutions violating the constraint equations are corrected by Blajer's modification approach. Simulation results of a slider-crank mechanism by the proposed method are in good a- greement with ones from other literature.     

基于分块EnKF的非线性目标跟踪算法

针对滤波航迹的相关性以及初始状态的选择会对跟踪性能产生影响的问题,将集合卡尔曼滤波算法引入到非线性目标跟踪领域,验证了其可行性和有效性,提出了基于分块集合卡尔曼滤波的非线性目标跟踪算法.采用分块思想生成初始集合,使用协方差矩阵加权方法解决分块间的航迹相关问题.仿真结果表明基于分块集合卡尔曼滤波的目标跟踪算法计算复杂度和以往的集合卡尔曼滤波算法同阶的情况下可以提供更高的运动参数估计精度,解决了粒子滤波算法计算量大难以进行实时跟踪的问题.