船载危险化学品运输中的安全问题

船载危险化学品运输是一种动态危险源,发生事故涉及面广,危害严重。此文分析了船载危险化学品运输中引发事故的因素和运输中应特别注意的几个问题,并探讨了发生事故的应急处置措施。     

浅谈危险品船舶事故原因分析及对策

危险品船舶运输是一种动态危险源,在运输过程中它容易引发事故,造成人员伤亡、财产损毁、环境污染。危险品船舶的安全运输越来越受到人们的关注。笔者分析了危险品船舶运输过程中可能引发事故的主要原因,并提出了一些对策。     

浅谈船舶载运精选矿粉货物的运输安全

分析目前海上矿粉运输船舶事故频发的原因,探讨船舶运输安全注意事项,管理中存在的问题,建议进一步提高安全管理和防控事故的措施。     

军用危险品进箱基本条件研究

1研究目的 研军用危险品在运输过程中,由于装载不符合要求而发生事故,造成人员伤亡和财产损失的情况时有发生,为了杜绝此类事故的发生,总部机关针对各种危险品制订出相关的运输标准与规定,用以规范军用危险品运输.     

水上危化品运输事故分析及应急处置能力提升研究

为推进国家水上危化品运输事故应急处置能力建设,系统分析我国水上危化品运输特点,研究水上危化品船舶事故现状及特点。结果表明：我国危化品水路运输的需求量在日益增大,水上突发险情事故中危化品船舶事故所占的比重也在不断增大,液货危化品运输船舶的老旧化、大型化、杂运集装化以及危化品散装多样化问题已成为制约水上危化品运输安全的重要因素;危害性大和易发生二次事故等事故特点和处置危险性高、难度大、专业性强等应急处置要求是制约我国水上危化品应急处置能力快速提升的重要因素。同时,针对当前我国面临的水上危化品运输船舶突发险情应急处置难题,从“人-机-环-管”4个方面指出了加强危化品船舶事故应急救捞体系建设的10条对策建议。     

谈有毒液体物质水上运输风险与安全管理

有毒液体物质是化学品中的一个重要部分,虽然运输有毒液体物质船舶发生的事故数量在事故总数中只占较小比例,但是一旦有毒液体物质造成事故,后果非常复杂和严重。本文在参考国内外相关公约和法律法规的基础上,结合有毒液体物质的特点,就有毒液体物质在水上运输的风险和安全管理现状加以分析,并提出了相应的对策和建议。     

川江滚装船的隐患及解决措施

“富银2号“滚装船的折断和沉没事故,对于滚装船运输来说是一个非常重要的信号,即滚装船运输中固有的危险隐患正在逐渐变成发生事故的现实.……     

船舶溢油风险评估方法研究

随着海上运输业的发展,海上石油运输在石油运输中占据越来越重要的地位。蓬勃发展的海上运输导致了船舶溢油事故频发,严重危害了生态环境和经济。本文在研究风险评估原理和计算公式的基础上,分析了不同评估方法的特点。采用Oilmap模型对溢油事故进行建模,推导溢油事故发生概率。研究溢油风险评价原则,利用模糊综合评价模型对溢油风险进行评价。     

LNG罐式集装箱水运应急处置探讨

LNG罐式集装箱水路运输的模式将会使LNG运输成本显著降低,但由于水运安全涉及面广,包括运输介质、盛装设备、运输船舶、存储、装卸、通航环境等,一旦发生事故,造成的人员和财产损失常常难以估计.为此,文中就LNG在港区储存、搬运、装卸作业以及船舶运输过程中发生事故或异常情况的应急处置进行了讨论.     

固体散货运输船舶自沉事故分析与对策

针对中国沿海固体散货运输船舶自沉事故高发的现状,应用事故数据统计和案例分析的方法,对中国沿海发生的固体散货运输船舶自沉事故进行了深入分析,并提出相应的对策。     

金融危机时期国际干散货船舶运输市场状况与对策

2008年金融危机以来,世界经贸形势错综复杂,国际干散货船舶运输市场陷入低迷,BDI指数持续低谷盘整。研究了国际干散货运输需求情况和运力增长规模,剖析了国际干散货运价走势,并针对金融危机时期国际干散货船舶运输市场状况,提出了金融危机时期国际干散货船舶运输的发展对策。     

Maritime transportation research: topics and methodologies

The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze maritime transportation academic research. For articles published in Maritime Policy & Management (MPM) in the period 2001 to 2012, the most frequent topics addressed include shipping performance/management and shipping finance. For articles published in Maritime Economics & Logistics (MEL) in the period 2002 to 2012, the most frequent topics addressed include port performance and shipping performance/management. MPM articles are more likely than MEL articles to utilize the institutional (IS) methodology and MEL articles are more likely than MPM articles to utilize the optimization (OP) methodology. Maritime transportation proposition theoretical research may be particularly useful in undertaking research in maritime transportation areas for which data are unavailable, insufficient, difficult to obtain, or of poor quality. Future maritime transportation research needs to include focus on: (i) maritime shippers, (ii) maritime transport chains, (iii) maritime transportation as a service, (iv) the quality of maritime transportation, and (v) maritime theoretical proposition research.     

Maritime Statistics: a new forum for practitioners

This paper analyses the past, present and future of the maritime transportation industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabian seaborne trade and the shipping capacity are analysed for the past 15 years. Relationships between the declining Saudi shipping capacity and other economic measures are identified. Analysis of the Saudi Arabian maritime transportation is performed with respect to the world carrier fleets and models are developed to determine the theoretical shipping capacity required for transportation of the national seaborne cargo. Forecasts of the future shipping capacity requirement for the Kingdom are also presented. This paper illustrates the general approach for analysing a country's maritime industry and thus could help other researchers in that respect.     

Analysis of Saudi Arabian maritime transportation industry

This paper analyses the past, present and future of the maritime transportation industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabian seaborne trade and the shipping capacity are analysed for the past 15 years. Relationships between the declining Saudi shipping capacity and other economic measures are identified. Analysis of the Saudi Arabian maritime transportation is performed with respect to the world carrier fleets and models are developed to determine the theoretical shipping capacity required for transportation of the national seaborne cargo. Forecasts of the future shipping capacity requirement for the Kingdom are also presented. This paper illustrates the general approach for analysing a country's maritime industry and thus could help other researchers in that respect.     

台湾海峡海损事故的灰色关联矩阵分析

通过采用灰色系统理论中的关联分析原理，建立海事种类与导致海事原因、船舶尺度大小、海事发生地理位置及海事发生时间的灰色关联矩阵，并运用台湾海峡船舶海损事故统计资料，对台湾海峡发生海事的特点及规律进行分析，为改善台湾海峡的海上交通安全状况提供有益的参考。     

Technical changes and impacts on economic performance of dry bulk vessels

Spurred by the expanding bulk shipping and technological innovations, dry bulk vessels have gained considerable development in ship types, ship design, and operation since the invention of the first specialized dry bulk carrier in the early 1950s. However, questions like: what changes in technical specifications have occurred for dry bulk vessels during the past four decades; what triggered these changes and what impacts have these specific changes had on shipping costs or earnings potential, have never been examined systematically in previous work. Subsequently, this article attempts to investigate changes in main technical specifications and relationships between the main technical variables and their economic performance measured by costs and revenues of dry bulk carriers. Technical changes in speed, deadweight, lightweight, and engines are checked for the main types of dry bulk vessels, and trends revealed in these developments are demonstrated to be the consequences of both technical improvement and economical considerations. Additionally, it has been found that the earnings potential differs much from dry bulk vessels with different technical specifications. This can be manifested in the sensitivity analysis. The analysis of this article may contain useful information to practitioners of dry bulk shipping in guiding their market decisions about ship building and operations.     

沿海干散货运输市场预测及建议

通过数据详尽分析2009年沿海干散货运输市场的水运形势,同时根据电力行业、钢铁行业的发展对未来2-3年中国煤炭需求、金属矿石需求和干散货运输市场进行预测,建议重视集疏运系统建设,签订长期协议,提高合同兑现率。     

Strategic fleet size planning for maritime refrigerated containers

In the present economic climate, it is often the case that profits can only be improved, or for that matter maintained, by improving efficiency and cutting costs. This is particularly notorious in the shipping business, where it has been seen that the competition is getting tougher among carriers, thus alliances and partnerships are resulting for cost effective services in recent years. In this scenario, effective planning methods are important not only for strategic but also operating tasks, covering their entire transportation systems. Container fleet size planning is an important part of the strategy of any shipping line. This paper addresses the problem of fleet size planning for refrigerated containers, to achieve cost-effective services in a competitive maritime shipping market. An analytical model is first discussed to determine the optimal size of an own dry container fleet. Then, this is extended for an own refrigerated container fleet, which is the case when an extremely unbalanced trade represents one of the major investment decisions to be taken by liner operators. Next, a simulation model is developed for fleet sizing in a more practical situation and, by using this, various scenarios are analysed to determine the most convenient composition of refrigerated fleet between own and leased containers for the transpacific cargo trade.     

Using system dynamics in maritime economics: an endogenous decision model for shipowners in the dry bulk sector

In this paper, we consider the benefits of applying system dynamics in maritime economics. We build an endogenous shipowners' model for the dry bulk sector, incorporating both the decision process of individual shipowners and traditional shipping market conditions. The aim is to arrive at a simulation tool that can be used for a variety of applications, both for teaching/learning and for research purposes. Within the endogenous shipping model, we can distinguish between the strategic and the tactical choices shipowners face. As an application, we focus explicitly on a strategic decision-making process that is relevant to any shipowner, i.e. the sale of a vessel. System dynamics seems to be a tool well-suited for the detailed modelling of strategic and operational behaviour in the maritime business.     

基于“浴盆”曲线的海事预防分析

船舶海上交通事故是随机事件,很难预测,但事故发生也有其规律,掌握了事故规律就有可能控制和预防事故。通过"浴盆"曲线分析"人"和"机"两因素与海事之间的内在联系,旨在认识海事发生的规律,有效减少发生海事的风险,预防海事的发生。