滑行艇波浪中运动性能试验研究

为了探究自主开发的滑行艇耐波性能,在拖曳水池中进行该滑行艇模型不同航速下的静水阻力试验、不同航速下变波长顶浪规则波试验与对应不同海况的不规则波试验,试验过程中记录阻力值和纵向运动响应值。对试验结果处理分析后发现:在排水体积傅氏数Fr=3.713时,滑行艇在5倍于船长的波长附近具有强烈的运动响应,出现了抨击和出水现象;与传统深V滑行艇相比,短波中该滑行艇具有更小的运动响应,滑行艇阻力增值较深V滑行艇有所减小;垂荡响应与航速与波高具有较好的线性关系,纵摇响应航速与波高具有弱非线性。     

B.H.型气泡高速艇规则波中纵向运动试验研究

在高速拖曳水池里开展了B.H.型气泡高速艇静水阻力及规则波纵向运动模型试验,研究了气流量、航速、波长、波高等因素变化对B.H.艇波浪中阻力、垂荡、纵摇、垂向运动加速度的影响。探讨了波高变化对饱和气流量的影响。研究结果表明:静水中B.H.艇相对减阻率可达36.25%,绝对减阻率可达20.79%,迎浪规则波中相对减阻率可达32.3%,与静水减阻效果基本相当,波长变化对减阻率的影响甚微。气层并未导致纵向运动性能的恶化,相反在一定航速与波长范围内,艇底气层能改善垂荡与纵摇运动;饱和气流量下,阻力、垂荡、纵摇及重心垂向运动加速度随波高呈非线性变化,航速增大非线性增强,波长增加非线性降低;波浪中饱和气流量随波高呈非线性变化。     

滑行艇波浪中运动性能试验研究

为了探究自主开发的滑行艇耐波性能,在拖曳水池中进行该滑行艇模型不同航速下的静水阻力试验、不同航速下变波长顶浪规则波试验与对应不同海况的不规则波试验,试验过程中记录阻力值和纵向运动响应值。对试验结果处理分析后发现:在排水体积傅氏数Fr=3.713时,滑行艇在5倍于船长的波长附近具有强烈的运动响应,出现了抨击和出水现象;与传统深V滑行艇相比,短波中该滑行艇具有更小的运动响应,滑行艇阻力增值较深V滑行艇有所减小;垂荡响应与航速与波高具有较好的线性关系,纵摇响应航速与波高具有弱非线性。     

深V型滑行艇纵向运动试验研究

深V型滑行艇模型纵向运动试验研究表明：规则波中,升沉响应的平均值与静水航行时的重心升高极为接近,纵摇响应的平均值与静水航行时的纵倾较为接近,证实了相同航速下滑行艇在波浪中航行的纵向运动是相对于静水浮态的升沉纵摇运动;随着航速的增加,升沉响应峰值、纵摇响应峰值、垂向运动加速度峰值都向长波方向移动;速度较高、波幅较大时,升沉、纵摇、垂向运动加速度是非线性的。     

高压逃生艇运动与乘员晕船率分析

高压逃生艇是饱和潜水系统中为潜水员配备的专用高气压紧急撤离设备，相比常压下的全封闭救生艇，具有大吃水、高重心和对乘坐舒适性的要求较高等特征。基于三维势流理论计算分析高压逃生艇的运动响应，在此基础上分析乘员晕船问题，得到艇体运动和艇员晕船率与航速和波浪条件之间的影响关系。研究发现：艇体垂荡、横摇和纵摇并不总是随航速的增加而加剧；艇体横摇和纵摇的峰值对应的遭遇周期分别为9 s和3 s；波浪从艇尾入射时，艇体的垂荡和纵摇相比波浪从艇首入射时更剧烈；艇上乘员的晕船率与波浪条件和航速相关，艇尾处的乘员晕船率最高。     

顶浪中首固定翼波浪推进艇的运动响应和航速预测

基于STAR-CCM+软件对安装首固定翼的无人艇在顶浪规则波条件下的运动响应和波浪推进航速进行研究。利用DFBI模块建立了波浪推进艇的数学模型,应用SST k-ω模型,结合VOF方法,对波浪推进艇在不同周期和波高条件下的运动响应进行数值仿真,得出波浪推进艇垂荡和纵摇运动频率响应函数(RAO)及航行速度。研究结果表明：随着波高的增大,水翼产生的推力逐渐增大;艇体的垂荡运动响应受波高影响较小,艇体纵摇运动响应由于水翼产生的阻尼效应随着波高增大而逐渐减小;波浪推进艇航行速度随着波高增大先增加而后迅速减小。     

横向补给状态下两船的摇荡运动特性

采用多体水动力学软件AQWA进行横向补给状态下两船在波浪中的频域和时域分析。对高架索道上的恒张力表示为瞬时张力,分析不同航速、浪向角对横摇、垂荡和纵摇方向运动特性的影响,求得两船横向补给时较佳的浪向角和航速,为横向补给时航速和航向的选择提供指导。     

迎浪状态下三体船垂荡和纵摇运动参数

运用基于势流理论的三维频域格林函数方法对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动进行参数研究,讨论三体船附体位置对垂荡、纵摇运动的影响。将计算结果与实验结果进行对比,比较结果表明数值计算是可靠的。设计了十二种不同附体位置配置方案,并计算出各个方案在三个航速下的垂荡和纵摇频率响应函数曲线。计算结果表明:(1)航速对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动影响剧烈,随着航速提高,运动幅值增加明显;(2)当三体船的航速为零时,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇的影响不明显,随着三体船航速的增加,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇影响也随之变大;(3)附体纵向位置变化对垂荡、纵摇的影响要大于其横向位置变化的影响。     

基于Rankine源法的小水线面双体科考船耐波性预报

采用基于三维时域Rankine源方法的水动力分析软件Wasim,对某小水线面双体科考船在不同航速、不同海况与不同浪向下的耐波性进行了计算与分析,重点对不同工况下小水线面双体船横摇、纵摇和垂荡性能进行了研究.研究表明:无航速时,横摇有义单幅值极大值出现在90°浪向,纵摇极大值出现在0°与180°浪向;较高航速时,横摇响应最大单幅值出现在60°与90°浪向,纵摇在30°,150°和180°浪向时明显较大;波浪对连接桥的砰击会显著影响SWATH船的运动响应,使垂荡运动幅值显著增大;随航速的提高,顺浪航行下纵摇运动幅值逐渐减小.     

有航速纵向连接多联浮体频域特性分析

针对水深和浪向等参数对有航速纵向连接多联浮体运动产生影响的问题,基于势流理论分析了有航速的纵向连接多联浮体的水动力特性,并利用水动力计算软件AQWA分别对不同水深、不同浪向和不同航速下多联浮体结构进行了频域计算,得到了多联浮体RAOs随波浪圆频率的变化曲线。计算结果表明,水深越浅,垂荡RAOs会减小,但纵摇与首摇RAOs会增大,对于所研究的纵向连接多联浮体而言,8 m以上水深可以看作无限水深进行分析和计算;不同浪向对纵向连接多联浮体各自由度影响不同,若多联浮体产生较大的运动响应时,应及时改变航向;在较高航速下纵向连接多联浮体各自由度RAOs会产生较大的响应,在低中频段航行时应适当降低航速航行,在高频段航行时可以适当提高航行速度。     

大型船舶综合减摇系统的研究

本文在分析船舶的综合减摇问题以及船舶主要减横摇装置的优缺点的基础上,针对船舶的减横摇问题,兼顾船舶的静倾问题,提出了可应用于全工况下的船舶综合减摇系统.综合减摇系统是由减摇鳍、减摇水舱和抗静倾平衡水舱组成的.这种综合减摇系统既综合了鳍与水舱的优点,又克服了减摇鳍和减摇水舱各自的缺陷.以高速滚装船为例,建立了"船舶-减摇鳍-被动式U型水舱"系统的运动方程并进行了计算机仿真.通过对仿真结果的讨论和分析得到如下结论:这种综合减摇系统具有良好的减摇能力;在各种航态下(包括零航速)都能达到减摇要求;综合减摇系统的减摇性能远远好于单独使用减摇鳍和减摇水舱的性能.船舶综合减摇系统的提出为大型船舶的综合平衡开辟了新途径,这种设计方法对大型水面舰船、尤其对有舰载机的船舶及两栖作战舰船的综合减摇具有重要意义.     

叠船运输方式下的半潜船耐波性分析

以叠船运输方式下的半潜船为研究对象,采用CATIA软件进行三维建模。基于AQWA软件计算在规则波中不同浪向、不同航速和不同吃水下的响应幅值算子(Response Amplitude Operator, RAO),分析在不规则波中不同海况条件下货物绑扎设计关键点的加速度变化,发现浪向、航速和吃水等因素对RAO的影响规律。研究结果可为叠船运输方式下的半潜船安全运输提供运动预报,为货物绑扎设计提供依据。     

船舶码头系泊的耦合动力响应分析

以码头系泊船舶为研究对象,利用水动力软件 AQWA,分析不同浪向角对其运动响应幅值算子和一阶波激力的影响,并在时域耦合分析的过程中,对系泊系统进行优化,从船舶运动响应和系泊缆张力2个方面,对沿型深方向优化和尾横缆优化的结果进行分析。计算结果表明,不同的优化方案对船舶的运动响应和系泊缆张力的影响不同。     

Difference in ship motion and wave load in long and short crested irregular waves北大核心CSCD

[Objective]To investigate ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves and overcome the limitations of the traditional 2D wave assumption, this paper develops a method for predicting ship motion and load responses in short-crested waves. [Method]The long- and short-term responses of ship motion and load in long- and short-crested waves are numerically predicted using the spectral analysis and statistical probability methods, respectively. The influence of directional function on ship response is also numerically analyzed. Moreover, tank model tests and a large-scale model sea trial are comparatively conducted to validate the difference between ship response and statistics in long- and short-crested irregular waves. [Results]The results show that when navigating against the waves in the same sea condition, the long-crested wave assumption overestimates the statistical mean value of ship load response, but underestimates extreme load in real seas. For long-crested waves, the ship motion and acceleration power spectrum is concentrated around a certain frequency band. [Conclusion]Ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves are significantly different from those in 2D long-crested waves. The directional function of short-crested waves also has a significant effect on ship motion and load responses. © 2023 The Author(s).     

基于分数阶PIλDμ的船舶航向控制

船舶在海上航行时受到海风、海浪和海流等环境扰动作用,这造成在不同航速下船舶动力学模型的参数不确定性,本文对船舶本体运动和风浪流干扰进行建模,提出一种基于分数阶PIλDμ的抑制风浪干扰的的航向控制算法,并与传统 PID算法进行对比,针对某型船舶动力学模型在6级海风和5级海浪海况下进行对比数字仿真。仿真结果表明,该算法在不同航速下具有较好的控制品质和鲁棒性,对风浪干扰具有良好的适应性,可应用于船舶的航向控制,易于工程实现。     

小水线面双体船在波浪中的运动响应预报

用切片理论方法发展了SWATH船耐波性预报程序，提供了390t方案的油田小水线面交通船计算分析结果，包括规则波中纵向运动频率响应函数的计算及不规则波中各种海况下的运动有义值预报。     

Efficient estimation of extreme non-linear roll motions using the first-order reliability method (FORM)

In on-board decision support systems, efficient procedures are needed for real-time estimation of the maximum ship responses to be expected within the next few hours, given online information on the sea state and user-defined ranges of possible headings and speeds. For linear responses, standard frequency domain methods can be applied. For non-linear responses, as exhibited by the roll motion, standard methods such as direct time domain simulations are not feasible due to the required computational time. However, the statistical distribution of non-linear ship responses can be estimated very accurately using the first-order reliability method (FORM), which is well known from structural reliability problems. To illustrate the proposed procedure, the roll motion was modelled by a simplified non-linear procedure taking into account non-linear hydrodynamic damping, time-varying restoring and wave excitation moments, and the heave acceleration. Resonance excitation, parametric roll, and forced roll were all included in the model, albeit with some simplifications. The result is the mean out-crossing rate of the roll angle together with the most probable wave scenarios (critical wave episodes), leading to user-specified specific maximum roll angles. The procedure is computationally very effective and can thus be applied to real-time determination of ship-specific combinations of heading and speed to be avoided in the actual sea state.     

Estimation of the wave direction of ship waves generated by a small vessel using the multiple signal classification method

It is very important to estimate the waves generated by a small vessel so as to investigate their effects on floating bodies within the scope of fisheries and ocean engineering. Simplified methods for estimating the wave heights and periods of ship waves have been presented in previous studies. However, estimating the direction of ship waves is not easy. The focus of the present study is to develop an analytical technique to determine the direction of ship waves based on the measurements in field experiments. The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method is newly proposed for determining the direction of ship waves. For high ship speeds, the directional spectrum of ship waves estimated by MUSIC resulted in a sharp monotone peak, and the estimated directions of ship waves were very similar to the results of field experiments using an actual small vessel. The proposed MUSIC method has thus been confirmed to be effective in estimating ship wave directions with high resolution.     

不同航速下船体波浪诱导运动和载荷计算研究

应用三维时域水动力理论,以挪威船级社（DNV）的WASIM程序系统作为主要工具,分析研究了一条在国际航线上航行的某一集装箱船的水动力特性,包括船体运动与波浪诱导载荷的规律,给出了不同航速下的船体运动特性和剖面诱导载荷百年一遇长期预报结果,深入分析了船体的航速效应,为船体设计中船体波浪载荷设计提供了参考依据。     

波浪引起破损船的垂向运动和弯矩（英文）

The wave-induced vertical ship motions and bending moments of a double hull-oil tanker in realistic flooding conditions are studied. The scenarios investigated are represented by water ingress into the starboard ballast tanks for collision damage cases and both starboard and portside ballast tanks for grounding situations. Seakeeping computations are performed for eight damage scenarios and for the intact condition, each corresponding to different changes in displacement, trim, and heel. For each of the damage conditions, transfer functions of vertical motions and loads are calculated using a potential linear 3 D panel hydrodynamic code in the frequency domain that includes effect of the motion of the water in flooded tanks. A MATLAB code is developed to facilitate automated hydrodynamic simulation of many damage scenarios. Verification of seakeeping results is performed by comparing transfer functions with results of the previous study. Wave-induced vertical responses of damaged ship are then compared to those of intact ship using two spectral-based methods originating from uncertainty analysis of wave loads, which are convenient tools to assess consequences of damage on short-term ship responses. Generally, observed trend is that vertical wave-induced responses of damaged ship converge toward those of intact ship with increasing wave period. Fairly small differences between responses of asymmetrically damaged ship with respect to the symmetrical incoming wave directions are found. The results of the study are an efficient method for seakeeping assessment of damaged oil tankers and the framework for evaluating consequences of damage scenarios, heading angles, and sea conditions on seakeeping responses of damaged ships.The results can be used to decide if the intact ship model can be used instead of the damaged one for the emergency response procedure or for the risk assessment studies when modeling and computational time represent important limitations.