耒宜高速公路高路堤稳定及沉降监测系统

全面介绍了耒宜（耒宜－宜章）高速公路进行施工期沉降动态监测的内容及方法，提出了高路堤稳定动态观测的目的、内容及布点原则，探讨了施工期各阶段对观测精度的要求及达到精度要求所采取的措施。     

汽车制车蹄专用凸焊机的研制

介绍了所研制的Ｄ（Ｔ）Ｎ２－２００（４００）型汽车制动蹄用凸焊机的设计原理，基本结构以及ＫＤ（Ｔ）－２０５１型微机控制器的控制原理，性能及特点，指出单片机恒流控制器具有精度高，功能强及性能稳定等特点，具有很好的应用和发展前景。     

轻型电动客车车身—车架的有限元结构分析及试验研究

应用有限元分析软件，对ＥＶ－６５８０轻型电动客车的车身和车架进行了结构分析计算，并对实车进行了相应的静态及动态试验，证明了电动汽车车身及车架的轻量化潜力。     

Sofim发动机高强高韧性球铁曲轴的研制

本文介绍了在90－5高强度高专心性球铁曲轴铸件的生产中所做的系统的试验研究工作，采用高温低硫原铁水，严格控制Mn,P含量，采用Cu或Cu,Ni合金元素，用含Ca低Mg低稀土球化剂处理及75Fe-Si随流孕育和低碳奥氏体正火处理，在试验室Y型试块性能可达到QT90－5的要求，经生产验证曲轴本体性能达到WT85－4，已意大利曲轴本体性能水平。     

论现代汽车的制动性能及对策

建立在开环系统上的传统制动性能概念导致人物力力的浪费。事实上制动性能是人－车－环境闭环系统的特性，这一重要的立场将给出有关制动性能的一些新概念，对对策产生重大的影响。本文综合分析了若干文献及作者实践经验，提出了对策。     

高分子型公路混凝土高抗收缩剂的研究

介绍了聚环氧丙烷类高抗收缩剂的收缩机理和制备方法，并且对其进行了抗压强度及抗拉强度的性能测试，结果表明，该类收缩剂具有良好的抗收缩性能（能减缩50％－79％），且具有良好的抗压性能。     

钛石膏-粉煤灰复合制备路基回填材料试验研究

通过对钛石膏－粉煤灰复合基回填材料的物理力学性能、胀缩性及路用工程性能的试验研究，探索了钛石膏－粉煤灰回填材料的工程性质和性能，试验结果表明：钛石膏－粉煤灰复合路基回填材料不仅具有较高的力学性能（≥8MPa），较好的耐水性和体积稳定性（膨胀数≤0．02％），而且具有发较佳的路用工程性能，该材料可广泛应用于道路的污水管、输热管，上水管等沟槽的回填。     

HM-I/SBS复合改性高模量沥青混合料性能研究

HM-I（复合高模量剂）/SBS复合改性沥青综合了高模量沥青与SBS改性沥青的优势，能显著提升混合料的高温性能。采用残留稳定试验、冻融劈裂试验、低温弯曲试验、车辙试验、四点弯曲疲劳试验及动态模量试验，分析HM-I/SBS复合改性高模量沥青混合料的路用性能及动态力学性能，并与基质沥青+硬质沥青颗粒及HM-I/基质沥青所制备的混合料进行对比。结果表明，HM-I/SBS复合改性高模量沥青混合料的高温性能、低温性能、水稳定性、抗疲劳性能及动态模量值更为优异，且各项技术指标均满足高模量沥青混合料的需求。     

汽车动力总成液阻型橡胶隔振器的研究发展

本文对被动式液阻型橡胶悬置及动力总成－液阻悬置系统的设计分析方法和研究成果进行了较系统的述评和总结。首先介绍了汽车动力总成液阻悬置的应用概况，总结，阐述了汽车动力总成悬置系统所要求的理想隔振特性，然后综述了节流孔型，惯性通道型，惯性通道－固定解耦膜型，惯性通道－活动解耦膜型等典型被动式液阻悬置元件的结构原理，集中参数模型，动态特性及其参数设计分析结果，同时综述了动力总成－液阻悬置系统隔振生能研究概况及设计分析方法，其中着重介绍了德国Freudenberg公司，美国Ohio州立大学，日本Nissan公司等主要研究者的研究工作及结果。     

尼龙12性能简介及其在汽车上的应用

目前，国际上性能十分优异的工程塑料－尼龙12被广泛应用在燃油管路系统及汽车气动管理系统，介绍了尼龙12材料的密度，熔点，吸水性及抗冲击强度等性能，阐述了该材料在汽车上应用的优越性及发展趋势。     

主动悬架用直线电机模型预测推力控制

针对主动悬架用直线电机高精度与高效率的控制需求，充分研究直线电机以及主动悬架动力学特性，建立直线电机驱动模型与主动悬架二自由度参考模型。为了改善传统直线电机直接推力控制的动态性能，提出一种改进的模型预测推力控制方法。该方法将逆变器产生的7个非零电压矢量作为备选矢量，并融合预测模型来计算出控制周期内的电机运行状态参数，基于成本函数最小值原理挑选出最优电压矢量，并将其作用于逆变器产生驱动电机所需的电压。为了解决数字控制系统的固有问题，提出延时补偿技术，保证对电机能够进行实时控制；对于逆变器开关频率不固定而引起的开关损耗等问题，通过在成本函数中加入开关频率项，在选择最优电压矢量的同时还降低了逆变器的整流频率与开关损耗；另外为了提高电机推力的效率以及减小推力与磁链波动，提出最大推力电流比与占空比优化控制技术，提高直线电机的动态控制性能。基于MATLAB/Simulink与dSPACE联合仿真，并搭建直线电机与主动悬架硬件测试平台，对所提出的控制方法进行验证，同时对主动悬架系统的动力学性能也进行了仿真与试验测试。试验结果表明：相较于传统的直接推力控制，所提出的控制策略使电机能够拥有更快的稳态速度、更小的电磁力与磁链波动以及更低的开关频率；各工况下，轮胎动载荷试验与仿真结果均方根值的相对误差分别为12.3%、4.47%、6.3%；悬架动行程试验与仿真结果均方根值的相对误差分别为10.3%、8.86%、10.6%；车身加速度试验与仿真结果均方根值的相对误差分别为6.23%、9.12%、7.2%。由计算结果可知，各评价指标的相对误差均在13%以内，验证了仿真结果的正确性，证明了模型预测推力控制对于提升电机与悬架动力学性能的有效性，能够实现对车辆悬架系统全局工况性能最优，协调控制悬架系统的动力学性能。     

Static and Dynamic Performance of Permanent Magnet Suspension for Maglev Transport Vehicle

The design and performance of a mechanical air gap controller for a maglev transport vehicle are described. The basic requirement for a functional design of the controller is derived first and its effectiveness is shown by experiments. After the construction of dynamic vehicle models dynamic characteristics of the maglev vehicle are introduced and the stability criteria for magnetic levitation are derived. The effect of a dead zone in the mechanical air gap controller and nonlinear characteristics of the magnets, which are expected to exert a large influence on vehicle levitation performance, are investigated by simulations. The simulation results show that a low control lever ratio causes sudden deterioration of the levitation performance if there exists a dead zone in the controller, and a suitable control lever ratio which is unaffected by the dead zone is proposed. Finally, field test results with an actual maglev transport vehicle are shown and the dynamic levitation performance of the vehicle is discussed.     

盾构土压平衡动态神经网络逆控制技术研究

盾构密封舱的土压平衡作为地表沉降控制的关键因素对盾构安全施工具有重要保障。为映射影响土压平衡掘进参数之间的非线性耦合关系，增强非线性控制模型的动态性能，提高土压平衡的控制精度，根据盾构施工中影响密封舱内土压平衡的掘进参数调控的难易程度，依托现场监测数据建立基于动态神经网络逆控制前馈作用下的螺旋输送机转速控制模型。对控制模型的性能与效果进行分析验证，结果表明： 动态神经网络输出的前馈螺旋输送机转速能够对推进速度、刀盘转矩的变化响应灵敏； 在给定掘进条件下与通过人工调节螺旋输送机转速控制土舱压力的方法相比，动态神经网络逆控制前馈作用下密封舱土压的最大波动误差由9.8%降为5.3%。     

A Pitch-Plane Model of a Vehicle with Controlled Suspension

A vehicle model incorporating front and rear wheel suspensions and seat suspension is presented. The suspension control includes algorithms to provide both dynamic and steady state (levelling) control. Vehicle response to (a) vertical inputs due to ground disturbances at the wheels and (b) longitudinal inputs due to the inertial forces during braking and accelerating, are investigated. It is shown that the static (self-levelling) control causes a slight deterioration in dynamic performance. The active ride control produces improvements of ride comfort under dynamic conditions compared to an equivalent passively suspended vehicle. In steady state the proposed control eliminates the error heave of the body caused by tilting of the vehicle with active suspension.     

PSO algorithm-based parameter optimization for HEV powertrain and its control strategy

The coordination between the powertrain and control strategy has significant impacts on the operating performance of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). A comprehensive methodology based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is presented in this paper to achieve parameter optimization for both the powertrain and the control strategy, with the aim of reducing fuel consumption, exhaust emissions, and manufacturing costs of the HEV. The original multi-objective optimization problem is converted into a single-objective problem with a goal-attainment method, and the principal parameters of powertrain and control strategy are set as the optimized variables by PSO, with the dynamic performance index of HEVs being defined as the constraint condition. Computer simulations were carried out, which showed that the PSO scheme gives preferable results in comparison to the ADVISOR method. Therefore, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of HEVs can be effectively reduced without sacrificing dynamic performance of HEVs.     

Vehicle dynamic control of a passenger car applying flexible body model

Modern software tools have enhanced modelling, analysis and simulation capabilities pertaining to control of dynamic systems. In this regard, in this paper a full vehicle model with flexible body is exposed by using MSC. ADAMS and MSC. NASTRAN. Indeed, one of the most significant vehicle dynamic controls is directional stability control. In this case, the vehicle dynamic control system (VDC) is used to improving the vehicle lateral and yaw motions in critical manoeuvres. In this paper, for design the VDC system, an optimal control strategy has been used for tracking the intended path with optimal energy. For better performance of VDC system, an anti-lock brake system (ABS) is designed as a lower layer of the control system for maintaining the tyre longitudinal slip in proper value. The performances of the controller on rigid and flexible models are illustrated, and the results show the differences between the control efforts for these models, which are related to the differences of dynamic behaviours of rigid and flexible vehicle dynamic models.     

基于参考模型的半主动悬架滑模控制

在分析电流变阻尼器工作原理与结构的基础上,基于参考模型设计了1/4车辆悬架系统的滑模控制器.研究了系统在随机路面激励条件下车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动位移等性能指标的控制效果.运用Simu-link在不同的车速和车身质量的情况下进行了仿真分析,结果表明:控制后悬架各性能指标均得到明显改善,滑模控制器性能稳定,对系统参数的改变具有很好的鲁棒性.     

Allocation control algorithms design and comparison based on distributed drive electric vehicles

For a distributed drive electric vehicle (DDEV) which is equipped with redundant actuators, allocation control is a key technique. Three different allocation control algorithms are designated with fixed efficiency matrix, dynamic efficiency matrix, and direct yaw moment distribution, respectively. All these algorithms are applied in a vehicle stability control system with hierarchical control structure and evaluated from three aspects, namely, control precision, real-time characteristics, and control energy. Comparison results demonstrate that the algorithm with dynamic efficiency matrix has the best comprehensive performance, which is also validated in field tests based on a DDEV equipped with four motors.     

基于遗传算法的发动机模糊控制研究与应用

针对汽车发动机参数具有离散性、非线性和不确定性,难以精确控制瞬态过程的过量空气系数和点火时刻的问题,根据遗传算法和模糊控制理论,研究和设计了一种基于模糊控制的新型发动机集中控制装置。讨论了装置的硬件平台及工作原理,探讨了基于遗传算法的参数自寻优。通过实验验证了装置的可行性和可靠性,并表明动力性和经济性指标明显改善。     

ECU控制性能的动态试验研究

介绍了柴油机动态试验系统的总体设计方案和ECU对发动机控制的工作原理,并针对ECU在动态试验中的控制性能进行了研究。分析了ECU在静态特性试验、台阶响应特性试验和50%/s斜坡响应特性试验中的控制性能。结果表明,ECU在不同的动态试验中控制响应的时间不同,而且在不同的动态试验中出现了不同程度的缓冲。通过进一步研究发现,60%~100%之间油门变化的速度是影响ECU控制扭矩上升的主要因素。