21世纪欧盟海事综合政策的管理框架解析世纪

为直面21世纪的全球化竞争、气候变化、海洋环境和海上安保、能源安全和可持续发展等挑战,欧盟委员会在各成员国为期一年的专题磋商和分析之后,于2007年10月颁布了欧盟海事综合政策,以确保海洋资源的综合管理.文中从根本原则,基本理论和最终目标,主要内容这三方面,对21世纪欧盟海事综合政策的管理框架进行详细全面的阐述.     

欧盟制定新海事政策的启示

面对21世纪海洋环境和人类海洋活动带来的挑战,欧盟已着手制定新的海事政策.中国海事事务的发展面临着与欧盟类似的处境,欧盟采取的应对措施对中国具有借鉴意义.由于其新海事政策所涉及问题的广泛性和复杂性,欧盟在政策制定过程采取了一系列慎重的措施.通过对欧盟制定新海事政策的过程和相关文件进行研究.分析其值得关注和借鉴的特点,如整体论的运用、公众广泛参与、信息高度透明,以及这些特点蕴含的意义.     

欧盟新海事政策蓝皮书

2007年10月10日，在完成了为期一年的针对欧盟海事政策绿皮书的咨询活动后，欧盟执行委员会（EC）根据咨询结果发布了题为“一个综合的欧盟海事政策”的通讯及行动计划（又称蓝皮书），宣布了一系列将在未来若干年开展的工作和执行的计划。     

EC通过“欧洲海事空间规划路线图”

近日，欧委会发布了一个关于促进“欧洲海事空间规划路线图”的声明。该路线图旨在鼓励欧盟成员国找到一个共同的海事空间规划，并构成欧盟综合海事政策（即2007年10月份发布的蓝皮书）的一部分。     

Europe强势欧洲的航运战略

"到2018年欧盟海运政策战略目标和建议"(简称"海运战略2018")是欧盟今年初发布的未来10年新交通运输政策.欧盟认为,未来10年是一个独一无二的时期,欧盟将进一步强化航运竞争力.与其近年来推出的诸多海事法令和政策的目标相同,"海运战略2018"进一步清晰地描绘出欧盟在海事领域强势崛起的意愿与路径.     

欧盟新海事政策绿皮书解读

2006年6月7日,欧盟委员会(EC)正式通过并公布了题为“面向一个未来的欧盟海事政策:欧洲海洋愿景”绿皮书,既通常所说的“Borg文件”。至此,为期一年有余、由欧盟渔业及海事事务司司长JoeBorg发起的一次大规模的旨在为欧盟所有海事活动制订一个整合的海事政策的咨询活动终于有了     

热点扫描

EC考虑制定海事族群政策近日,欧盟企业与行业总局发表了"海事族群人员工作文件"。该文件也是在最近发表的欧洲综合海事政策蓝皮书的背景下发表的众多文件中的一个。     

欧盟未来海事政策瞄准可持续发展

近日，550名代表聚集不莱梅，参加欧洲理事会主席国德国主办的欧盟未来海事政策（绿皮书）的研讨会。重点讨论关于整合的欧盟海事政策所具有的附加值，以及如何发现欧洲海洋及沿海地区可持续发展的新潜力。     

改善合作共同负责——欧盟海事事务委员谈欧盟海事政策

2007年7月19日,欧盟渔业及海事事务委员Joe Borg在里斯本畅谈了他对欧盟海事政策的看法。他认为,对各级政府部门管理海洋进行决策,是所有欧洲人都认为有必要采取的联合性综合措施。这意味着不仅要看到欧洲海洋和沿海地区在形状和面积上存在的不同,而且还要认识到海事活动不应被视为相互独立的。虽然针对各行各业特点的政策是需要的,但这不应对不同部门和机构之间实现跨领域的高度协作和合作构成障碍。     

欧盟聚焦

特别关注欧盟未来海事政策瞄准可持续发展近日,550名代表聚集不莱梅,参加欧洲理事会主席国德国主办的欧盟未来海事政策(绿皮书)的研讨会。重点讨论关于整合的欧盟海事政策所具有的附加值,以及如何发现欧洲海洋及沿海地区可持续发展的新潜力。     

浅议海事信息资源安全管理

海事信息系统的建设为业务管理的发展提供了便捷的支撑平台,然而随之而来的信息资源安全问题也备受关注。文章从海事信息资源安全管理的现状入手,对海事信息资源的安全管理方式进行了探讨,希望借此能够对广大读者有所启发和帮助。     

Effective maritime security: conceptual model and empirical evidence

In recent years, the issue of maritime security has become a major concern on the international maritime agenda. One of the issues in this respect is how to enhance security while not jeopardizing organizational efficiency and effectiveness, or to manage security effectively, e.g. facilitating the smooth flows of materials while enhancing supply chain security at the same time. In addressing this issue, we place three cornerstones for the effective management of security in maritime transport: quality management (QM), risk management (RM) and business continuity management (BCM). A conceptual model of effective maritime security, including 13 dimensions and 24 associated critical success factors, is devised following this reasoning. The model was tested through a survey of 119 maritime transport organizations and 25 interviews conducted in Vietnam. Findings support that all proposed 24 factors are valid and should be used as critical factors for success in effectively managing security in maritime transport, in that those involving security incident handling and response are rated as the most important in magnitude, along with security risk assessment, risk-based security mitigation strategies and plans, and senior management commitment and leadership. Managers can use the model designed and tested in this research to develop a checklist of essential components for their company's security management policies, strategies and plans. The use of a universal checklist to evaluate maritime security management would also greatly facilitate benchmarking across organizations in the industry.     

Maritime security in the European Union—empirical findings on financial implications for port facilities

To address the maritime security issue, the IMO Diplomatic Conference adopted in December 2002 the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. The European Union fully agreed with its contents; Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 transposes in Community Law the associated rules, which came into force on 1 July 2004. Interesting questions from an EU-policy point of view are then: What are the additional costs associated with the implementation of security regulations by port facilities (here in particular terminals) in EU-member states? Moreover, how are these additional costs being recovered by port facilities? Another inter-related question is: are there any subsidies involved in the cost recovery? The present paper addresses these questions with the presentation of the main results of an explorative empirical study on maritime security-related costs and their financing in EU-member states. Furthermore, a number of topics are recommended for further study on maritime security costs and financing and associated (EU) regulations.     

Maritime interests in the EU policy-making: Structures,practices, and governability of collective action

Throughout Europe, a number of maritime interests have re-targeted their lobbying structures and strategies aiming to influence the development of the maritime related European Union (EU) policies. The paper examines these maritime interests’ mobilisation in the making of the Common EU Maritime Transport Policy (CMTP). First, it provides a review of the role of these interest groups and the implications of the observed collective interests’ representation. Then, with the contribution a data-set of replies to a questionnaire distributed to all the interest groups that are involved in EU maritime affairs, the paper analyses the variety of interest groups representing the maritime sector in EU affairs. The focus is on the structures (i.e. membership numbers and types, location, internal structures, budget) and the lobbying practices of the 37 identified EU level maritime related organisations. The paper also presents an evaluation of the most positive and most negative parameters of the ‘EU environment’ and the ‘economic environment’ that assist, or undermine, the governability cohesiveness of this collective action. This study provides information on whether and under what conditions maritime interests are able to form comprehensive EU-level organisations capable of representing their members and their interests in the EU policy making process     

Maritime security in the European Union—empirical findings on financial implications for port facilities

To address the maritime security issue, the IMO Diplomatic Conference adopted in December 2002 the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. The European Union fully agreed with its contents; Regulation (EC) No. 725/2004 transposes in Community Law the associated rules, which came into force on 1 July 2004. Interesting questions from an EU-policy point of view are then: What are the additional costs associated with the implementation of security regulations by port facilities (here in particular terminals) in EU-member states? Moreover, how are these additional costs being recovered by port facilities? Another inter-related question is: are there any subsidies involved in the cost recovery? The present paper addresses these questions with the presentation of the main results of an explorative empirical study on maritime security-related costs and their financing in EU-member states. Furthermore, a number of topics are recommended for further study on maritime security costs and financing and associated (EU) regulations.     

Introduction to the special issue on maritime security

The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 heightened awareness about the vulnerability of all modes of transportation to terrorist attack. The issue of maritime security has therefore become a major concern in the international maritime sector over the past several years. Globalization has led to a strong growth in seaborne trade; however, it simultaneously increases vulnerability to not only terrorism but also international criminal activities that threaten the world's supply chain. For example, in 2008, the rise in piracy activities in the Gulf of Aden brought the issue of maritime security to the forefront of international debate. In addition to the direct impact on ships, crews and cargoes, and on the maritime industry and governments, piracy also threatens global seaborne trade, and has an impact on energy security and the environment [UNCTAD, 2009, Review of Maritime Transport 2009 (New York: United Nations)]. Maritime piracy can pose substantial risks to seaborne trades, with considerable commodities, ranging between raw materials and energy to high-value manufactured products, being shipped between global economic powerhouses [FU, X. W., NG, A. K. Y., LAU, Y. Y., forthcoming, The impacts of maritime piracy on global economic development: The case of Somalia. Maritime Policy and Management]. Maritime security management, including the definition of security, maritime risk assessment, security measures, the regulation and policy of maritime security in shipping and port-related business operations has been receiving growing attention, both in practice and research.     

海上安全和保安新形势下船员档案管理面临的机遇与挑战

从保障航运安全的角度考虑,船员档案管理有其突出的地位和作用。本文阐述并分析了我国船员档案管理的现状、管理的方式、存在的不足及面临的机遇和挑战,为我国船员档案管理的建设能够适应当前国际海运安全新形势的要求提供了一些借鉴和参考。     

无人船在港口水域海事监管中的应用探讨

近年来,随着与船舶自主航行相关的信息技术、人工智能技术水平的提高,无人船舶行业取得了长足的发展,其在海上安保、环境监测等领域应用也越来越成熟。为推动无人船在海事管理方面的应用研究,破解港口水域海事监管手段不足的瓶颈问题,文中在分析港口水域海事监管特点和无人船系统建设条件的基础上,定量研究了无人船在港口水域海事监管应用面临的性能指标确定、船型平台选择、载荷设备搭配、运行管理体系建设等方面的具体问题,提出了一种港口水域海事监管无人船系统的应用解决方案。     

Impact of the container security initiative on Taiwan's shipping industry

This paper evaluates the impact of risk factors from the container security initiative on Taiwan's shipping industry by employing a risk management matrix to identify the severity and frequency of CSI risk factors, and discovers some appropriate risk management alternatives. This paper's findings are as follows: (1) The majority of risk factors have a moderate-risk level, and possible alternative risk management measures include risk prevention, self-retention and insurance. (2) Ensuring a balance between the efficiency of maritime logistics and supply chain security is of vital importance to any trading countries dealing with security risk issues. (3) The government should encourage the private sector to design and market security hardware and software, which will promote the growth of the domestic security industry and generate employment opportunities.     

CBR／AHP系统案例库优化电子海图解决航行安全问题

针对船舶海上事故增长趋势分析，运用CBR／AHP系统案例库检索过程使电子海图有效完善，改善船舶海上航行安全，给航海和交通管理带来更多精确信息。