基于长江海事监管服务优化的研究

为了充分利用已有海事信息资源、管理资源和服务资源,推进海事信息资源整合工作,本文对长江海事监管服务现状进行了综合分析,提出了建设生产数据库、共享数据库、数据仓库的总体架构,改造业务系统,实现业务系统集成,推行现场移动执法终端APP,以业务场景驱动数据在各系统间流转,打通"信息壁垒"、消除"数据孤岛",探索行政执法规范化和安全预警智能化,并给出网络安全解决方案,为海事监管服务优化建设打下技术理论和可行性基础。     

基于OCIMF理念的石油公司海事安全管理实践

油轮的安全与防污染一直是石油公司关注的前沿热点,本文通过介绍某石油公司海事安全管理的管理创新方法,即引入国际一流海事管理理念及良好作业行为实践,制订标准化的海事资源准入管理体系,搭设海事安全管理一体化平台,促进海事安全数据的互通与共享,实现海事安全管理水平的提升和与国际一流海事管理标准的接轨。     

谈海事管理业务流程重组在构建“数字海事”中的作用

综述了海事管理业务流程重组与信息技术、海事机构资源管理规划的关系,结合ERP(企业资源规划)、业务流程重组(BPR)等企业管理理念,指出海事机构在构建数字海事中容易出现的穿新鞋走老路、信息孤岛等问题,提出海事管理业务流程重组应遵循的原则等建议。     

关于海事管理信息系统集成的思考

文章对海事管理信息系统集成中存在的数据接口问题进行了深入分析,并结合实际提出基于信息资源规划的系统集成方法,从而实现高层次海事管理信息系统集成。     

海事信息网络安全防护策略的思考与实践

长江海事信息网络作为海事信息管理及业务实施的核心支撑,实现了长江沿线各管理单位设施和数据的共享集成及互联互通,广泛应用于海事监管、水上安全信息发布等日常业务中。作为数据和通信的承载体,海事信息网络的安全状况对保证业务的连续性,数据的完整保密性及具有重要的现实意义。所以,做好海事信息运行网络的网络安全防护,对于保障海事日常运维工作的正常开展显得尤为重要。本文分析了影响海事网络信息安全的主要因素,结合业务实际提出了海事信息网络安全防护的策略,并在勒索病毒的防护实践中进行了合理性的验证。     

利用互联网发布海事安全信息的初步探讨

海事信息密切关系到船舶的航行安全。及时、系统、全面地了解到海事信息可以最大限度地保障船舶航行安全。信息保障是航海保障的重要组成部分，只有给船舶及时提供最有效的信息才能保障船舶的航行安全，真正体现海事管理的价值。现阶段海事安全信息中主要包括航行警告和航行通告。对于航行警告和航行通告的发布，我国海事部门现有的手段还比较单一，已经不适应当代信息社会发展的需要。拓展信息发布手段是建设数字海事的需要，是最大限度保障船舶航行安全的需要。     

京杭运河山东段海事信息化管理方式研究

建设海事信息化,符合目前科技兴航、创新服务理念的背景,对有效解决海事管理存在的问题,提高海事服务效率具有重要意义。山东内河海事信息系统建设目标包括:建成各级海事机构内部的办公业务网(内网)、各级海事机构间的业务信息网络(专网)和以Internet网络为依托的海事政务信息服务网(外网)。建成全国统一、共享的海事业务信息库,实现海事服务管理全面电子化,提高水上安全监管、防止船舶污染,提高通航安全保障、船舶动态管理、行政执法效率。从山东省内河水运发展情况看,海事信息化系统应包括静态信息及动态信息,具体措施包括建立和完善船舶、船员登记管理信息系统和船舶动态监督管理信息子系统。     

网络环境下基于海事档案的信息化管理

海事档案信息电子化、数字化建设是现代化海事管理的必然要求,也是档案管理技术进步的追求目标,目前海事档案信息电子化工作中还存在标准不统一、应用软件少、数据结构兼容性差、电子文件原始性和真实性的保护不足、管理技术有待提高等突出问题,需要在提高认识、明确目标、规范标准、加大投入、解决技术与人才问题等方面采取相应措施,使海事档案管理在电子数据化、信息网络化方面产生飞跃,更好地开发海事档案的战略资源为提升海事管理工作提供全面、便捷的服务。     

取消船舶签证条件下的内河海事安全监管探析

船舶签证作为海事机构管理船舶的有效抓手,承担着船舶适航性和船舶动态信息获取两大核心职能,一旦取消船舶签证的配套措施跟不上,将会对长江水上安全造成重大影响。为了提高船舶签证取消后海事安全管理水平,促进海事安全监管模式的转变,在对船舶签证取消前后利弊分析、船舶签证取消后对海事安全监管所产生的影响的基础上,提出取消船舶签证后的内河海事安全监管相关对策,为船舶签证取消后的内河海事安全监管思路提供参考。     

对内河海事管理的若干思考

作为水上交通安全的主管机关,地方海事机构担负内河航运的管理责任。由于实施条块分割的管理模式,地方海事机构科层过多,信息共享、人员培训水平不高。为提高管理水平,现有机制下地方海事机构应着力转变管理观念、提高专业水平,构建全方位的管理服务体系,在基于船舶安全管理的基础上,全面履行"维护航行安全与水域清洁"的使命     

21世纪欧盟海事综合政策的管理框架解析

为直面21世纪的全球化竞争、气候变化、海洋环境和海上安保、能源安全和可持续发展等挑战，欧盟委员会在各成员国为期一年的专题磋商和分析之后，于2007年10月颁布了欧盟海事综合政策，以确保海洋资源的综合管理。文中从根本原则，基本理论和最终目标，主要内容这三方面，对21世纪欧盟海事综合政策的管理框架进行详细全面的阐述.     

Effective maritime security: conceptual model and empirical evidence

In recent years, the issue of maritime security has become a major concern on the international maritime agenda. One of the issues in this respect is how to enhance security while not jeopardizing organizational efficiency and effectiveness, or to manage security effectively, e.g. facilitating the smooth flows of materials while enhancing supply chain security at the same time. In addressing this issue, we place three cornerstones for the effective management of security in maritime transport: quality management (QM), risk management (RM) and business continuity management (BCM). A conceptual model of effective maritime security, including 13 dimensions and 24 associated critical success factors, is devised following this reasoning. The model was tested through a survey of 119 maritime transport organizations and 25 interviews conducted in Vietnam. Findings support that all proposed 24 factors are valid and should be used as critical factors for success in effectively managing security in maritime transport, in that those involving security incident handling and response are rated as the most important in magnitude, along with security risk assessment, risk-based security mitigation strategies and plans, and senior management commitment and leadership. Managers can use the model designed and tested in this research to develop a checklist of essential components for their company's security management policies, strategies and plans. The use of a universal checklist to evaluate maritime security management would also greatly facilitate benchmarking across organizations in the industry.     

CBR／AHP系统案例库优化电子海图解决航行安全问题

针对船舶海上事故增长趋势分析，运用CBR／AHP系统案例库检索过程使电子海图有效完善，改善船舶海上航行安全，给航海和交通管理带来更多精确信息。     

The role of geomatics engineering in establishing the marine information system for maritime management

Maritime management encompasses the employment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources that relate to the sea, maritime navigation, shipping, port development and coastal protection. It contributes to the economic growth, price stability, transportation of cargoes and passengers, and business activities of shipping organizations. The efficient management of resources, operations and activities relies on a modern marine information system (MIS) whose information is provided by geomatics engineers and IT professionals, among others. This paper first introduces the role of the geomatics engineer as geodesist, engineering surveyor, land boundary surveyor, cartographer, hydrographer, photogrammetrist and geographic information system (GIS) engineer since all these fields are related to maritime trade, supply chains and development of ports and airports. It then describes the principal components of a web-based MIS and the important role of geomatics engineers in surveying data. This includes collecting data from electronic nautical charts (ENC) and raster nautical charts (RNC), by applying high resolution light detection and ranging (LIDAR), satellite platform sensors and GIS.     

The role of geomatics engineering in establishing the marine information system for maritime management

Maritime management encompasses the employment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources that relate to the sea, maritime navigation, shipping, port development and coastal protection. It contributes to the economic growth, price stability, transportation of cargoes and passengers, and business activities of shipping organizations. The efficient management of resources, operations and activities relies on a modern marine information system (MIS) whose information is provided by geomatics engineers and IT professionals, among others. This paper first introduces the role of the geomatics engineer as geodesist, engineering surveyor, land boundary surveyor, cartographer, hydrographer, photogrammetrist and geographic information system (GIS) engineer since all these fields are related to maritime trade, supply chains and development of ports and airports. It then describes the principal components of a web-based MIS and the important role of geomatics engineers in surveying data. This includes collecting data from electronic nautical charts (ENC) and raster nautical charts (RNC), by applying high resolution light detection and ranging (LIDAR), satellite platform sensors and GIS.     

无人船在港口水域海事监管中的应用探讨

近年来,随着与船舶自主航行相关的信息技术、人工智能技术水平的提高,无人船舶行业取得了长足的发展,其在海上安保、环境监测等领域应用也越来越成熟。为推动无人船在海事管理方面的应用研究,破解港口水域海事监管手段不足的瓶颈问题,文中在分析港口水域海事监管特点和无人船系统建设条件的基础上,定量研究了无人船在港口水域海事监管应用面临的性能指标确定、船型平台选择、载荷设备搭配、运行管理体系建设等方面的具体问题,提出了一种港口水域海事监管无人船系统的应用解决方案。     

VTS船舶交通管理信息输出接口及其标准

针对当前VTS船舶交通管理信息输出标准不统一、信息不安全、改造费用高等问题,介绍了AIS引航接口及其标准,提出了VTS船舶交通管理信息实时输出的接口及其传输协议技术方案。该方案实现了VTS船舶交通管理信息输出的规范统一、信息安全可靠、经济便捷,避免了其他方案所面临的诸多问题,为海事业务综合管理平台的建设奠定了重要基础。     

Introduction to the special issue on maritime security

The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 heightened awareness about the vulnerability of all modes of transportation to terrorist attack. The issue of maritime security has therefore become a major concern in the international maritime sector over the past several years. Globalization has led to a strong growth in seaborne trade; however, it simultaneously increases vulnerability to not only terrorism but also international criminal activities that threaten the world's supply chain. For example, in 2008, the rise in piracy activities in the Gulf of Aden brought the issue of maritime security to the forefront of international debate. In addition to the direct impact on ships, crews and cargoes, and on the maritime industry and governments, piracy also threatens global seaborne trade, and has an impact on energy security and the environment [UNCTAD, 2009, Review of Maritime Transport 2009 (New York: United Nations)]. Maritime piracy can pose substantial risks to seaborne trades, with considerable commodities, ranging between raw materials and energy to high-value manufactured products, being shipped between global economic powerhouses [FU, X. W., NG, A. K. Y., LAU, Y. Y., forthcoming, The impacts of maritime piracy on global economic development: The case of Somalia. Maritime Policy and Management]. Maritime security management, including the definition of security, maritime risk assessment, security measures, the regulation and policy of maritime security in shipping and port-related business operations has been receiving growing attention, both in practice and research.     

Ship, port and supply chain security concepts interlinking maritime with hinterland transport chains

As maritime processes do no stop at sea ports, hinterland operations have to be considered and addressed as well. This becomes obviously on designing and managing seamless cargo and information flows from/to hinterland regions via sea ports from/to transcontinental markets. Nowadays, also security-related aspects need to be tackled in order to enable continuous flows corresponding to security legislations and technical requirements set up in the field of maritime and intermodal hinterland transport. Ensuring transport security within the European transport market requires both adequate security legislations and innovative concepts. While for the maritime sector, including sea ports, security regulations are already in force, hinterland operations (road, rail and Inland Waterway Transport) are only indirectly affected today, either on carrying out transports from/to sea ports or exporting commodities to overseas territories. This results in the need for innovative security strategies and concepts combining maritime with hinterland transport enabling seamless security processes.     

Information technology network security risk assessment and management framework for shipping companies

Shipping companies are high-vulnerability information handling organizations (HIHOs). In the past, such companies used exclusively HIHO private communication networks and own satellite resources in order to share and transport sensitive information. In recent years, the ability for the HIHO network users to exploit the advantages of the low-vulnerability information handling organizations' (LIHOs) value added networks, has led to the need for augmentation of the HIHO networks. In the maritime sector, a push-and-pull effect on the need and demand to transfer information onboard and ashore has led many companies to experiment with interconnected HIHO and LIHO open distributed systems and networks, for their ship-to-shore communications. Security then becomes an issue in a domain, onboard-ashore data transmissions, where little information on the level of risk is available. This paper proposes a risk assessment and management framework to assist in countermeasure selection and level of LIHO network use definition. The model is ultimately applicable where information on potential risks and their impact is minimum and simultaneously changeable. The model is connected to a security profile for interconnected HIHO and LIHO open distributed systems and networks.