The role of geomatics engineering in establishing the marine information system for maritime management

Maritime management encompasses the employment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources that relate to the sea, maritime navigation, shipping, port development and coastal protection. It contributes to the economic growth, price stability, transportation of cargoes and passengers, and business activities of shipping organizations. The efficient management of resources, operations and activities relies on a modern marine information system (MIS) whose information is provided by geomatics engineers and IT professionals, among others. This paper first introduces the role of the geomatics engineer as geodesist, engineering surveyor, land boundary surveyor, cartographer, hydrographer, photogrammetrist and geographic information system (GIS) engineer since all these fields are related to maritime trade, supply chains and development of ports and airports. It then describes the principal components of a web-based MIS and the important role of geomatics engineers in surveying data. This includes collecting data from electronic nautical charts (ENC) and raster nautical charts (RNC), by applying high resolution light detection and ranging (LIDAR), satellite platform sensors and GIS.     

英美航海图书服务的现状分析

航海图书是船舶海上航行安全的重要保障资料。随着航海业的发展以及海洋活动的增加,航海图书的服务所处的地位越发重要。英、美等国家所采用的航海图书服务管理机制效率较高,代表了当今国际流行的趋势。介绍并分析了英、美等国家航海图书服务的特点,得出对我国航海图书服务的启示。     

Nautical training systems and the occupational behaviour of seamen: the Israeli experience

One of the most serious and persisting problems confronting the shipping companies of all the developed maritime nations is the retention of seafarers who will yield long periods of service at sea. Turnover and wastage involves considerable expenses in recruiting and training of new seafarers. One of the means for the recruitment and retention of seafarers is the vocational nautical school system. In contrast to general education, where the objectives are diffuse, vocational institutions have very specific functions. Their achievements are therefore generally measured by means of the relative number of graduates who enter and remain in the industry for which they were trained. The present study examines the problem of the commitment to the maritime occupation of graduates of nautical schools in Israel in recent years, and it attempts to evaluate nautical education by examining the proportion of graduates who actually entered the maritime occupation and the extent of their stability at sea. No attempt is made to evaluate the economic efficiency of the nautical training system.     

加强船员跟踪管理

我国海运事业快速发展,需要众多高素质船员,必须加强船员跟踪管理。这是海事管理部门根本的基础管理、重要的战略举措。应面对现状和存在问题,采取系统有效的实际对策,加强船员跟踪管理,促进海运事业发展。     

国内两起干散货船自沉事故引发的思考

干散货船在水上货物运输中有着举足轻重的地位,然而在繁忙运输中与其相关的事故也频频发生,文中通过分析国内两起干散货船自沉事故背后潜藏的隐患和问题,提出强化航运企业、船舶和监管部门各方薄弱环节管理的建议和意见,以期共同为航运业发展和海上安全运输贡献力量。     

数字海图的生产与版权保护

数字海图、航海功能软件和计算机设备组成的电子海图显示与信息系统（ECDIS），将成为保障航海安全的主要工具。目前数字海图生产正不断完善和发展。此文结合我国目前数字海图生产的基本情况，介绍了数字海图生产流程，并对利用数字水印技术解决数字海图版权保护问题的方法进行了研究。     

海事行业综合门户网站——中国海事服务网

<正>中国海事服务网(英文简称CNSS)成立于2006年,是集行业资讯与用户应用体验于一体的海事行业综合门户网站。经过几年的发展与完善,目前中国海事服务网已实现全方位覆盖整个海事行业,设有船员、船舶、航运、港口、游     

金融危机对中国航运业及中国海事的影响之追踪

文中以广州南沙港区为例，通过大量的数据分析，讨论了金融危机对中国航运业所带来的冲击，以及对中国海事监管造成的影响。建议在当前形势下，中国航运业和中国海事都要紧紧抓住危机中蕴含的机遇，谋发展、求提升。     

Maritime transportation research: topics and methodologies

The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze maritime transportation academic research. For articles published in Maritime Policy & Management (MPM) in the period 2001 to 2012, the most frequent topics addressed include shipping performance/management and shipping finance. For articles published in Maritime Economics & Logistics (MEL) in the period 2002 to 2012, the most frequent topics addressed include port performance and shipping performance/management. MPM articles are more likely than MEL articles to utilize the institutional (IS) methodology and MEL articles are more likely than MPM articles to utilize the optimization (OP) methodology. Maritime transportation proposition theoretical research may be particularly useful in undertaking research in maritime transportation areas for which data are unavailable, insufficient, difficult to obtain, or of poor quality. Future maritime transportation research needs to include focus on: (i) maritime shippers, (ii) maritime transport chains, (iii) maritime transportation as a service, (iv) the quality of maritime transportation, and (v) maritime theoretical proposition research.     

航标网络GIS助航信息系统的构建

利用网络地理信息技术和GeoBeans5.5软件,建立了基于网络GIS的航标信息系统,它是在Inter-net或Intranet网络环境下的一种兼容、存储、处理、分析和显示与应用航标实时空间信息的WEBGIS系统。用户可以在互联网上借助通用的网络浏览器,浏览、查询和获取基于电子海图空间数据与动态航标属性数据。     

Themes and tools of maritime transport research during 2000-2014

This study examines how maritime transport has been researched through a comprehensive review of papers published in 19 transportation journals over the period 2000–2014. Systematic investigation shows that Maritime Policy & Management plays a prominent role in publishing maritime transport research. At the same time, ‘shipping’ is a dominant research area, with ‘port management, service, performance, efficiency and competitiveness’; ‘shipping market, industry, freight rate and economic impact’; and ‘terminal studies’ as the most popular topics. Nevertheless, few efforts have investigated ‘shipping finance’; ‘shipping service’; or ‘port risk and security.’ Since 2000, the use of quantitative analysis techniques has steadily increased in maritime transport to help participants make decisions scientifically. We here present the major data analysis techniques and highlight some limitations regarding their application. Thus, we provide a better understanding of how maritime transport research has been undertaken in a quantitative manner.     

Service-oriented computing and model-driven development as enablers of port information systems: an integrated view

Port information management is considered a critical instrument towards enabling international transport and trade; thus, various forms of Port Information Systems (PORTIS) have been developed today, namely Port Community Systems, Terminal Operating Systems and Single Window systems. In Europe, the nautical information system SafeSeaNet is viewed as an important e-infrastructure. PORTIS systems are expected to evolve into next-generation technological platforms in order to offer a fully integrated digital environment to a multitude of maritime business actors and public authorities towards more efficient, safe and environment-aware transport and trade infrastructures and services. We propose service-oriented computing and model-driven development techniques as a robust PORTIS modelling and development approach. We present a reference model of PORTIS and a particular enabling methodological and technological framework. The proposed approach has been tested in a maritime single-window case.     

基于嵌入式的海洋运输环境数据采集与动态监控节点设计

为保障海上船舶运输数据的有效采集和监控,需要对海上船舶运输数据环境监控系统进行设计。采用当前算法进行监控时,存在监测范围小、成本高、功耗高、实时性低等问题。为此,提出一种低功耗适用于海洋运输环境的物联网动态监控的节点设计方案。该方案先定义基于物联网的海上船舶运输环境数据监控系统模型,将此系统模型分为无线传感网络、汇聚节点和监控中心,在此基础上对传感器节点、汇聚节点以及监控中心的硬件均进行设计,并给出基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器组网过程,设计出基于物联网的海上船舶运输环境数据监控系统。实验结果表明,该方法能够对海洋环境信息进行数据采集和动态监控,具有低成本、功耗低和丢包率低等方面的优点,具有可行性。     

天津中心渔港综合信息服务平台建设

文章提出港口信息化建设主要包括地理信息系统、管理信息系统和电子交换系统三方面的内容,给出了天津中心渔港综合信息服务平台规划框架和前期建设的4个系统的应用目标,以及综合信息服务平台的数据库结构与数据访问关系。从技术角度分析了企业综合信息管理系统、总体规划动态演示系统、综合管网信息管理系统、海籍地籍信息管理系统的功能特色。指出整体规划、分步实施的原则,同时指出数据共享、数据安全保障是港口信息规划建设需要注意的首要问题。     

Polish shipping and shipping policy

Following a period of about 120 years, when external political pressures prevented Poland from engaging in maritime commercial activities, the end of World War I marked an important epoch in Poland's maritime history. Although the Peace Treaties gave Poland access to the sea and the right to use Gdansk, it was not until 1926, when Poland's first shipping company was established and Poland's new port of Gdynia opened, that her new status as a maritime country was fashioned. This paper traces the development of Polish shipping from 1918 to the present time; discusses the factors related to Poland's problems in the sphere of international maritime transport; and outlines Poland's present shipping policy.     

海南自由贸易港背景下航运新特征对海事管理的要求及对策研究

随着海南自由贸易港建设的深入推进,我国将在海南实施更加开放的航运政策,建立与国际接轨的国际船舶登记制度,海南航运业将呈现新的特征。作者对海南自由贸易港建设背景下海南航运进行了展望,分析了未来海事管理工作面临的新考验,并提出海事部门要强化自身建设,不断推进海事治理能力和治理体系现代化,以适应高速发展的航运经济。     

论海事行政处罚自由裁量的限制

随着社会发展的专业化、技术化以及社会关系的复杂化,行政权的强化和扩张已经成为发展的趋势,这就必然要求行政自由裁量的扩张,但是这也必然导致行政处罚可能和法治精神的背离。根据授权,海事管理机构具有的海事行政处罚是一种较严厉的制裁性行政行为,其自由裁量权若被滥用必将侵犯行政相对人的权利,影响我国的航运事业的发展。本文对海事行政处罚自由裁量权存在的合理性、如何限制行政处罚自由裁量权的行使等方面加以探讨,以期有利于海事管理机构依法行政,切实保障行政相对人的合法权益,使航运更安全、使海洋更清洁,更好地为繁荣航运经济保驾护航。     

Polish shipping and shipping policy

Following a period of about 120 years, when external political pressures prevented Poland from engaging in maritime commercial activities, the end of World War I marked an important epoch in Poland's maritime history. Although the Peace Treaties gave Poland access to the sea and the right to use Gdansk, it was not until 1926, when Poland's first shipping company was established and Poland's new port of Gdynia opened, that her new status as a maritime country was fashioned. This paper traces the development of Polish shipping from 1918 to the present time; discusses the factors related to Poland's problems in the sphere of international maritime transport; and outlines Poland's present shipping policy.     

海上安全和保安新形势下船员档案管理面临的机遇与挑战

从保障航运安全的角度考虑,船员档案管理有其突出的地位和作用。本文阐述并分析了我国船员档案管理的现状、管理的方式、存在的不足及面临的机遇和挑战,为我国船员档案管理的建设能够适应当前国际海运安全新形势的要求提供了一些借鉴和参考。     

Managing culturally diverse maritime human resources as a shipping company’s core competency

ABSTRACT

The last few years a great body of research focused on the problems observed in the shipping industry due to the mix of different nationalities on board. Herein, the problem is observed in the managerial level, and specifically to the applied crew management strategies and the philosophy of the shipping companies regarding the issue of multiculturalism. The present paper seeks to elevate the value of human resources in shipping and to underline the potentials that human resource management and cultural diversity management have as a shipping company’s core competency. In a triangulated theoretical framework, the combination of resource-based view, human resource management, and cultural diversity management leads to a framework of choices which include strategies for the management of maritime human resources’ cultural diversity. The paper analyses the practical application of the proposed strategies and the fulfilment of the criteria required for turning crew management to a core competency and gaining sustainable competitive advantage from human resources.