数字图像处理技术在通航船模试验中的应用

利用数字图像来测定船模运动参数是一种成本低、精度高的方法。该系统利用数字图像技术实现了船模试验在自然光条件下的实时测量、实时数据处理和自动操纵控制。介绍了一套多CCD摄像机的船模自动测控系统，对电视图像变形修正、船模自动识别与跟踪等关键技术进行了详细的讨论。根据船模试验的特点提出了有别与一般目标识别跟踪的方法。     

船模与实船水下电场相似性分析

舰船水下电场信号作为重要的物理特性已受到广泛的关注和研究。通过研制船模并进行水下电场实验室测量来了解实船水下电场分布情况,可以较好地解决舰船水下电场的海上测量较困难这一问题。通过引入相似性原理,分析比例船模的电场分布与实船电场分布的相似性关系,提出满足相似性的电场船模设计准则,实船和船模水下电场对比实验验证了相似性准则的有效性。     

整体弹性船模结构响应试验与实船试验比较

本文介绍了整体弹性船模在实船试验海况下试验测得的船体纵摇运动，加速度，波浪诱导弯矩，波浪砰击现象与实船试验数据的比较，再次证明了整体弹性船模的研制是成功的，能够真实地反映实船在游泳中的动力响应特征。     

气垫船模围裙振动平台试验与理论研究

结合气垫船模围裙振动试验平台项目,用L abV IEW语言开发了该试验平台的测试系统,并测得某中型气垫船相应船模的升沉、纵摇与横摇的频率响应。利用传递矩阵的形式推导了耐波性计算公式,对该船模相应实船进行理论计算,验证了气垫内空气可压缩性对该类大中型气垫船升沉运动响应的重要性。同时分析了实船计算结果与振动平台试验值之间存在差别的原因。     

船舶阻力的相关系数及其应用

在船模拟试验和分析和基础上，提出船模阻换算为实船阻力时可应用相关阻力系数的方法。相关系数法综合考虑了实船和船模的粗糙度和船模的尺度效应，因此其估算的实船阻力一因次法和三因闪法具有更高的严谨。     

尺度作用与阻力系数的相关分析

在船模试验和分析的基础上，提出了船模阻力的换算为实船阻力时可应用相关阻力系数的方法。相关系数法综合考虑了实船和船模的粗糙度和船模的尺度效应，因此其估算的实船阻力具有较高的精度。     

LPC快艇加装声呐球鼻模型阻力试验

对LPC快艇加装声呐球鼻艏船进行模型阻力试验,设计了适合此快艇加装声呐球鼻艏的5种方案.试验得到5种方案的19种状态的船模试验基本参数,在换算成实船后得到实船总阻力曲线图、实船有效功率曲线图和实船剩余阻力曲线图.船模阻力试验结果表明,加装此5种球鼻后,船模总阻力增加都较小,且在设计航速上仍有较好的耐波性和稳定性,综合船...     

用于操纵性预报的数据库系统方法

本文对船舶操纵性能预报的数据库系统进行了研究。描述了包含实船性能、船模水动力数据和船的几何参数的数据库系统。并分析了实船操纵性能数据和模型水动力数据。通过对系列船模试验数据的比较解释了结果。指出了假如只用船的主要特性作为数据库入口，那么使用数据库系统就只有有限的精度。为了改善这种情况，建议用一典型船概念来改进操纵性能预报。     

轮式船型初探

对一种轮式船型进行了初步探讨,推导出轮式船型船模和实船之间阻力矩的相似理论。对一艘轮式船型进行了初步的船模试验,根据船模试验结果,分析了轮式船的阻力性能。     

角度传感器式船模升沉测量方法

介绍一种在船模快速性实验中测量船模沉降的方法，该方法具有测试精度高、不影响船模运动状态等优点。     

Time-domain simulation of wave-induced nonlinear motions and loads and its applications in ship design

A nonlinear time-domain formulation for ship motions and wave loads and a nonlinear long-term statistics method are presented and applied to the S175 container ship. The general agreement between model tests and numerical results is very satisfactory. The calculated long-term vertical sagging and hogging moments amidships are comparable to those given by DNV rules. The approach described in this paper can be used as a way of more accurately evaluating extreme wave loads and other nonlinear responses in ship design.     

Full six degrees of freedom coupled dynamic simulation of ship collision and grounding accidents

By taking advantage of the user-defined load subroutine (loadud) and the user common subroutine (usercomm) in LS-DYNA, the authors proposed a new coupled approach for simultaneously calculating structural damage and the planar 3DOF ship motions in ship collisions. The coupled procedure aimed at predicting the detailed structural damage together with reasonable global ship motions. This paper extends the method to consider the full 6DOF ship motions; thus, ship collision as well as grounding accidents can be properly handled. This method is particularly useful for design purposes because the detailed ship hull profile is not needed.A traditional ship maneuvering model is used for the in-plane surge, sway and yaw degrees of freedom with a series of nondimensional coefficients determined from experiments. It is assumed that the out-of-plane degrees of freedom are not coupled with the in-plane ship motions, and there is no coupling among roll, pitch and heave motions. The implementation is verified through free decay tests, and the obtained natural periods show good agreement with theoretical results.Several collision and grounding cases are simulated in which a supply vessel crashes into rigid plates with different orientations. The effects of the roll motion, the heave and pitch motions and the full 6DOF motions are studied. The results are compared with those from a 6DOF decoupled method. Ship motions through the proposed method compare reasonably well with SIMO results. It is found that several consecutive impacts may occur in the simulation of one collision case due to the periodic motions. This is not taken into account in the decoupled method, which makes this method unconservative.     

Time domain simulations of the wave-induced motions of ships in maneuvering condition

The wave-induced motions of ships in maneuvering condition are numerically studied based on potential theory. The total disturbance potential is decomposed into a basic part and a perturbation part. The basic flow is evaluated based on the double-body model with a trailing vortex sheet. The perturbation flow is solved by using a time domain Rankine panel method to determine the hydrodynamic forces, and the wave-induced ship motions are then evaluated by an Adam–Moulton scheme. The solving process of the wave-induced motion is integrated with the maneuvering prediction by using a two–time scale model. Numerical tests are firstly carried out for a Series 60 ship, and the numerical results are compared with the experimental data to validate the numerical method for the basic flow. Then the wave-induced motions of the S-175 container ship in straight course and in turning condition are simulated; the numerical results are compared with the ITTC data and the experimental data, which show fairly good agreements.     

混合对转推进系统设计与实船应用研究

为全面深入了解混合对转推进系统实船安装对船舶性能影响,为数值仿真和性能预报提供实船参考数据,以集装箱运输船为应用对象,提出了一种把吊舱推进器集成在挂舵臂上的混合对转推进系统(CRP-POD),详细阐述了CRP-POD的系统构成、工作模式和电气控制系统实船设计方案。通过实船试验和运行数据分析,安装混合对转推进系统的船舶与同系列安装常规推进系统的船舶相比,特定航行工况下航速有2~3%的提升、回转能力有所降低、航向稳定性上优于常规船。     

船舶运动姿态测量系统设计与实现

为了获取海上航行船舶及自航模试验中船模的姿态参数,设计一种基于MEMS(微机电系统)技术的波高倾斜一体化传感器的船舶运动姿态测量系统.此系统通过MEMS波高传感器对船舶升沉信息进行采集,利用倾角传感器对船舶的纵摇和横摇姿态信息进行采集,采集到的信息经多路A/D转换后送入单片机进行处理,实时得出船舶运动的升沉、纵摇及横摇变化.经处理后的三组数据由船舶运动姿态测量系统通过RS-485串口送到数据接收处理机存储、分析并实时显示船舶运动的姿态变化曲线,该数据接收处理软件采用VC++编写.经过大量试验及海上测试,该系统性能稳定,测量精度高,具有较大的实用价值.     

3-D computational method of wave loads on turret moored FPSO tankers

A three-dimensional method of calculating wave loads of turret moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) tankers is presented. The linearized restoring forces acting on the ship hull by the mooring system are calculated according to the catenary theory, which are expressed as the function of linear stiffness coefficients and the displacements of the upper ends of mooring chains. The hydrodynamic coefficients of the ship are calculated by the three-dimensional potential flow theory of the linear hydrodynamic problem for ships with a low forward speed. The equations of ship motions are established with the effect of the restoring forces from the mooring system included as linear stiffness coefficients. The equations of motions are solved in frequency domain, and the responses of wave-induced motions and loads on the ship can be obtained. A computer program based on this method has been developed, and some calculation examples are illustrated. Analysis results show that the method can give satisfying prediction of wave loads.     

Estimation of wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements

A time-domain technique for estimating wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements is presented. This technique is developed to improve hull response monitoring systems. Artificial neural networks are used to model the time-domain relationship between the wave-induced vertical bending moment and the coupled heave and pitch motions. The application of the proposed technique is validated using experimental data.     

Study on real-time estimation of the ship motion cross spectra

 Time-varying coefficient vector autoregressive (T-VVAR) modeling with instantaneous responses is applied to spectrum analysis based on the nonstationary motion data of ships. Because of the ship's maneuvers, changes such as course and speed, the ship motions in waves are regarded as a nonstationary random process, although the seaway can be considered as a stationary stochastic process. The T-VVAR model is transformed into a state space model, and the time-varying coefficients can be evaluated by using the Kalman filter algorithm. Using the estimated time-varying coefficients, the instantaneous cross spectra of the ship motions can be calculated at every moment. In order to examine the reliability of the proposed procedure, on-board tests were carried out. Under stationary conditions, at a constant speed and course, the proposed method shows good agreement with stationary vector autoregressive (SVAR) modeling analysis. Moreover, it is confirmed that the proposed method can estimate the instantaneous cross spectra of the ship motions even under nonstationary conditions, showing that this is a powerful tool for on-line analysis of the nonstationary motion data of ships. Received: August 2, 2002 / Accepted: November 28, 2002 Acknowledgments. The authors thank the captain and crew of the training ship Shioji Maru, Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine. Address correspondence to: T. Iseki (iseki@ipc.tosho-u.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;190:161–168)     

Prediction of the maneuverability of a large container ship with twin propellers and twin rudders

The maneuvering characteristics of a large container ship with twin propellers and twin rudders were investigated using the horizontal planar motion mechanism (HPMM) test and computer simulation. A mathematical model for maneuvering motion with four degrees of freedom (DOF) for twin-propeller and twin-rudder systems was developed and included the effects of roll motion. To obtain the roll-coupling hydrodynamic coefficients of a container ship, a four-DOF HPMM system having a roll motion mechanism and a roll moment measurement system was used. At the full load condition, HPMM tests were carried out for two different 12 000-TEU container ship models, one with twin propellers and the other with a single propeller. Using the hydrodynamic coefficients obtained from the tests, computer simulations were carried out. Simulation results for the container ship with twin propellers and twin rudders were compared with the results for the container ship with a single propeller and single rudder.     

高耐波性排水型单体复合船型试验研究

以某一常规单体圆舭船型为母型,研究开发了一高耐波性单体复合型。选取三个单体复合船型方案模型进行了静水阻力、规则波及不规则波试验。分析了构成复合船型的组合附体的线型、尺度与安装位置对阻力和耐波性的影响,优选出一耐波性优良的复合船型。试验结果表明,所开发的单体复合船型可显著抑制舰船的纵向运动,具有合理的线型、尺度和布局的组合附体所形成的单体复合船型,对原船的静水阻力影响不大。该船型的开发对大幅提升常规单体排水型舰船的耐波性具有较大实用价值。