Recreational Leasing of Alaska Commercial Halibut Quota: The Early Years of the GAF Program in Alaska

The Pacific Halibut Catch Sharing Plan formalized the process for allocating halibut between the Alaska commercial and recreational charter sectors. It included a new program intended to allow for “flexibility” through inter-sectoral trading, permitting charter operators to lease commercial halibut pounds to relax client harvest restrictions. Here we evaluate the first two years of lease market activity and participation. Participation from some commercial quota holders in the lease market suggests that the program provided beneficial flexibility; in fact, the number of transfers to the charter sector was greater than transfers within the commercial sector for some quota types. We also identified a high proportion of self-leasers. However, transfers to the charter sector were on average smaller than within-sector commercial transfers, and total poundage leased by the charter sector was low compared with commercial transfers. Usage of leased quota by the recreational charter sector enables the harvest of larger fish or additional fish, and provides flexibility in catch composition on halibut closure days. Finally, the value-per-pound may be higher in the charter sector, as commercial-to-charter transfer prices approached the commercial ex-vessel price.     

Privatization trends at the world's top-100 container ports

Over recent years, the role of the private sector in seaports has been greatly expanded. Yet, in practice, the extent of privatization in ports can vary significantly, in part due to the different methods employed to bring about private sector participation. This paper identifies and analyses, through a survey of ports, recent trends in regard to privatization at the world's top-100 container ports. The survey has benefitted from, and seeks to extend, a previous survey undertaken by the International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH). Findings suggest that, although the influence of private sector actors in ports is growing, the role of public sector agencies also remains significant.     

Privatization trends at the world's top-100 container ports

Over recent years, the role of the private sector in seaports has been greatly expanded. Yet, in practice, the extent of privatization in ports can vary significantly, in part due to the different methods employed to bring about private sector participation. This paper identifies and analyses, through a survey of ports, recent trends in regard to privatization at the world's top-100 container ports. The survey has benefitted from, and seeks to extend, a previous survey undertaken by the International Association of Ports and Harbours (IAPH). Findings suggest that, although the influence of private sector actors in ports is growing, the role of public sector agencies also remains significant.     

船用防避台风决策系统基本技术

运用相对运动原理求出船舶避离台风的基础可航扇区；根据预报的风浪场，计算出产生船舶“谐摇”的扇区；根据船舶性能和波浪预报，用等航时线法求出最少航时扇区；采用最优控制理论，在基础可航扇区内剔除“谐摇”扇区，并与最少航时扇区进行优化，最终得到既安全又省时的船舶避离台风的最佳可航扇区。把防避台风的整个决策过程开发成业务化的软件包，从技术上帮助船长加快避台决策速度，提高避台实施精度，达到安全经济的防避台风的目的。     

The commercialization of East European liner shipping: the experience of Poland

This paper will examine the impact of continuous and increasing change in the shipping sector of Eastern Europe with particular reference to the liner sector in Poland one of the more dynamic markets that has emerged since the political, economic and social changes of the late 1980s. Polish Ocean Lines, and in particular POL Levant, a relatively new, commercialized subsidiary operating in the private sector, are taken as case studies to assess the new structures that are emerging in the marketplace.     

Containerization in an LDC environment

This paper examines one sector of the economy of an LDC, namely, port investment and planning, and considers the ways in which some of the arguments concerning choice of technology in LDCs apply to this sector.     

航母编队受到的敌空袭威胁扇面大小预测模型

研究航母编队在防空作战中受到的敌空袭威胁扇面对航母编队兵力编成和防空兵力阵位配置具有重要意义.从航母编队受到的威胁扇面影响参数的定义人手,首先分析了影响敌空袭威胁扇面大小的主要因素,然后在假定敌空袭武器射程小于航母编队预警距离的情况下,提供了航母编队受到的敌空袭威胁扇面大小的预测方法,建立了计算威胁扇面大小的数学模型,...     

大型三角闸门门缝输水运用条件试验研究

裕溪一线船闸扩容改造工程首次将三角闸门的应用口门宽度提高至34 m。为提高船闸的运行效率、充分发挥三角闸门动水启闭的优势,开展了大型三角闸门门缝输水运用条件试验研究。以三角闸门的水动力特性和船舶停泊安全为依据,研究提出裕溪新船闸大型三角闸门门缝输水的运用条件:1)三角闸门采用门缝输水应尽可能在1 m水头差以内开启;2)闸门开度应控制在1 m以内;3)随着水头差减小闸门开度可进一步增大。     

航母编队可能受到的敌空袭威胁扇面大小确定方法研究

航母编队可能受到敌空袭的威胁扇面大小关系到编队防空兵力配置的多少。通过对航母编队可能受到的威胁扇面影响因素的分析,提供了航母编队可能受到的敌空袭威胁扇面大小的确定方法,并建立了计算威胁扇面大小的数学模型。实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

The Evaluation of the 2nd Ocean Plan in Korea: Focused on the Implementing Power of the Plan

There seem to be two types of ocean planning system in the world. First, the federal or united government suggests a basic framework of the plan which is followed by states, countries or areas as shown in the European Union, the United States, Canada, Australia, and so on. Second, a powerful central government prepares a basic ocean plan that guides the following sector plans of the relevant ministries. These cases are shown in Japan, Korea, and China. In Korea, the 2nd Ocean and Fishery Development Plan (OK21, 2011–2020) was made as a comprehensive ocean plan reflecting recent natural and social changes including global warming. The OK21 is declarative in its nature, and so evaluated by its sector plans, which have some specific implementing means such as budgets and manpower, organization, and so on, by the relevant laws. The 2nd OK21 is supported by 21 legally binding sector plans, 14 more than in the 1st plan, thus guaranteeing more effective implementation than in the 1st plan. In addition, most of sector plans are planned to be carried out through the well-coordinated system among the related ministries, thus showing a high degree of implementing efficiency of the plan. Every marine area in the plan, including marine environment, is being supported by more sector plans than before, indicating the equitable development of marine areas in the future. In sum, the 2nd OK21 is expected to show more implementing power due to the well-organized sector plans than in the 1st plan.     

航迹分区处理的实现方法

讨论在搜索雷达分扇区录取目标点迹的前提下,完成目标航迹建立的问题。通过延迟半个扇区处理的方法,有效避免了目标因跨扇区飞行所产生的航迹重新建立问题。在航迹处理过程中,将航迹分类处理,有效地解决了航路交叉问题,同时又利于计算机程序的实现。     

中高水头大型三角闸门实时在线监测技术

针对中高水头三角闸门在运行过程中受力和振动带来的安全性问题,依托引江济汉通航工程龙州垸船闸的三角闸门,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对其静力特性进行研究,在相应受力最大的位置布置实时在线监测点,利用实时在线监测技术对三角闸门设备性能、运行特性和健康状态实施全过程跟踪和研究。结果表明:对三角闸门主要构件的工作应力、动态特性等开展实时在线监测,是解决闸门结构变形、磨损、振动、缺陷扩展等问题的有效手段,对提高闸门运行安全、保证其功能的正常发挥十分重要。     

基于Simulink的天线扫描仿真

介绍了雷达天线的扫描特点，根据雷达搜索和跟踪的特点对扇形扫描和圆锥扫描进行了重点分析；对使用的仿真工具Simulink进行了简要说明，并在此基础上详细讨论了天线扫描特性仿真中用到的Simulink模块，给出了具体的参数设置。最后给出了扇形扫描和圆锥扫描的仿真结果。     

中国船舶配套业现状及其发展方向

本文综述了中国船舶配套业的现状,研究了目前存在的主要问题,指出了该行业面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战,探讨了其今后的发展方向、主要措施和对策建议.     

发挥服务职能 推动海员队伍发展的思考

文中阐述了当前我国船员行业变化及由此而伴生的有关问题,提出了改进政府服务职能,建立船员信用体系,完善船员行业规则,加强船员英语能力和敬业意识教育,充分发挥海事服务职能,推进我国船员队伍健康发展的若干建议和举措。     

船闸短廊道和三角门门缝联合输水的水力计算

结合依托的船闸工程,提出了短廊道和三角门门缝联合输水的水力计算方法,并通过对输水系统的水力计算分析,确定了阀门处廊道断面尺寸,提出了具体的输水系统布置,确定了输水阀门的开启方式。建立了短廊道和三角门门缝联合输水的输水过程数学模型,并采用该数学模型计算了船闸输水水力特性。水力特性计算结果表明,进行输水系统布置时,将短廊道和三角门门缝分开考虑进行计算分析是合适的,各项水力特征值满足设计和规范要求,并且该输水方式可提高船闸运行效率。     

The effect of governmental subsidies and the contractual model on the publicly-owned bus sector in Japan

The publicly-owned municipal bus sector that provides local transport in Japan is in a difficult situation because of operating deficits, inefficient operations and management, and budgetary constraints of expanding subsidies, and thus, it needs to be restructured to improve efficiency. This paper investigates the impact of subsidies and contractual settings on the cost structure of the publicly-owned bus sector in Japan. A trans-log cost function has been estimated by pooling cross-sectional data of 527 observations over the time period of 1990-2006 for a cross-section of 31 publicly-owned transport companies in Japan. Our analytical results confirm that governmental subsidies to this sector negatively affect the cost structure, while the contractual model may have a positive impact. We also discuss the implications of these results for Japan’s public transport policy.     

34 m口门船闸三角闸门设计要点

船闸三角闸门多采用空间网架结构,对于34 m口门船闸而言,采用三角闸门形式尚属首次。为提高闸门结构设计合理性和安全可靠性,结合合裕线裕溪一线船闸扩容改造工程三角闸门的设计实例,从门体结构、支承运转装置、防撞系统、止水系统4个方面对大口门船闸三角闸门设计中须解决的关键技术难点进行分析,选取两组设计水位组合对闸门空间结构进行有限元仿真分析,并对顶、底枢结构进行针对性设计,同时在运转件表面强化工艺、防撞系统结构形式、不同部位的止水设计等方面提出解决方案。结果表明:闸门各结构部件受力在允许范围之内,运转装置安全可靠,止水结构适应性良好,均满足使用要求。     

An assessment of port reform in Argentina: outcomes and challenges ahead

During the 1990s Argentina engaged in a process of restructuring and deregulation of its ports. The main objective of the reform was to increase efficiency and service quality and to reduce the size and role of the public sector in ports. Overall, it was expected to allow the transport sector to adjust its capacity to demand changes and to facilitate international trade while contributing to the reduction of the fiscal burden of this sector. This paper shows that the reform caused significant efficiency gains, allowing a 50% drop in container terminal handling price within five years in the most important ports. The paper also identifies outstanding issues that could impact the long-run sustainability of the gains achieved. Among these issues, emphasis is given to recent horizontal and vertical mergers in the Port of Buenos Aires and their consequences in terms of actual competition and access regulation.     

An assessment of port reform in Argentina: outcomes and challenges ahead

During the 1990s Argentina engaged in a process of restructuring and deregulation of its ports. The main objective of the reform was to increase efficiency and service quality and to reduce the size and role of the public sector in ports. Overall, it was expected to allow the transport sector to adjust its capacity to demand changes and to facilitate international trade while contributing to the reduction of the fiscal burden of this sector. This paper shows that the reform caused significant efficiency gains, allowing a 50% drop in container terminal handling price within five years in the most important ports. The paper also identifies outstanding issues that could impact the long-run sustainability of the gains achieved. Among these issues, emphasis is given to recent horizontal and vertical mergers in the Port of Buenos Aires and their consequences in terms of actual competition and access regulation.